Impacts of Distributed Generation in Electrical Grids

Unconventional energy sources such as wind, solar and biomass represents more and more an alternative in substitution of conventional energy sources. In effect, many studies still need to be done to clearly identify the impacts that the insertion of distributed generation (DG) sources represent in the power grid. In this paper, an analysis of the impact of the distributed generation (DG) insertion in the electrical grid is realized, based on impedance matrix, grid voltage and power factor (PF). Benchmarks were created to relate the sensibility in a point common coupling (PCC) to the DG insertion. Preliminary results show that sensibility does not change with the load or the PF of the DG.

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The impact of large-scale distributed generation on power grid and microgrids

Renewable Energy ◽

10.1016/j.renene.2013.07.032 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 62 ◽

pp. 417-423 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Qian Ai ◽

Xiaohong Wang ◽

Xing He

Keyword(s):

Distributed Generation ◽

Large Scale ◽

Power Grid ◽

The Impact

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The impact of distributed generation and its parallel operation on distribution power grid

2015 5th International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies (DRPT) ◽

10.1109/drpt.2015.7432575 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Zhang Kai ◽

Liu Kexue ◽

Yao Naipeng ◽

Jia Yuhong ◽

Li Wenjun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Distributed Generation ◽

Power Grid ◽

Parallel Operation ◽

The Impact

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Resilience in an Evolving Electrical Grid

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14030694 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 694

Author(s):

Phylicia Cicilio ◽

David Glennon ◽

Adam Mate ◽

Arthur Barnes ◽

Vishvas Chalishazar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Research Work ◽

Network Evolution ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Physical Analysis ◽

Self Healing ◽

Ongoing Research ◽

Electrical Grid ◽

Electrical Grids

Fundamental shifts in the structure and generation profile of electrical grids are occurring amidst increased demand for resilience. These two simultaneous trends create the need for new planning and operational practices for modern grids that account for the compounding uncertainties inherent in both resilience assessment and increasing contribution of variable inverter-based renewable energy sources. This work reviews the research work addressing the changing generation profile, state-of-the-art practices to address resilience, and research works at the intersection of these two topics in regards to electrical grids. The contribution of this work is to highlight the ongoing research in power system resilience and integration of variable inverter-based renewable energy sources in electrical grids, and to identify areas of current and further study at this intersection. Areas of research identified at this intersection include cyber-physical analysis of solar, wind, and distributed energy resources, microgrids, network evolution and observability, substation automation and self-healing, and probabilistic planning and operation methods.

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Greenhorns, Green Choices

Mechanical Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.2007-jul-1 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 129 (07) ◽

pp. 24-27

Author(s):

Alan S. Brown

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Solar Cells ◽

Alternative Energy ◽

Power Grid ◽

Young Men ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Electrical Grid ◽

Fast Growing ◽

Wind Generators ◽

Alternative Energy Sources

This article presents reasons behind growth of Princeton Power. Princeton Power derives from a patent for a proprietary technology and a class that inspired students to form their own companies. Its development so far reflects a growing interest in finding better ways to harness alternative energy sources, but at its core, the company represents the desire of four young men to try something new. Originally, Princeton Power planned to build large inverters for the power grid, but the company discovered a fast-growing market for smaller inverters that can convert the output of solar cells and wind generators into usable capacity. Princeton Power focuses on the nuts and bolts of its systems. It is exactly the type of work engineers are trained to do-focus on real problems and solve them. The company has also teamed with Gaia Power Technologies Inc. of New York, to develop controllers for battery backup systems that must interface with the electrical grid. Not only will the systems provide backup power in the event of an outage, but customers can use them to capture electricity at night, when rates are cheaper, and then use the electricity during peak hours when rates are high.

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GIS-Analysis Of The Ural Power Grid Vulnerability To The Impact Of Sleet And Wind

GEOGRAPHY ENVIRONMENT SUSTAINABILITY ◽

10.24057/2071-9388-2021-082 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Andrey M. Karpachevskiy ◽

Oksana G. Filippova ◽

Pavel E. Kargashin

Keyword(s):

Network Structure ◽

Betweenness Centrality ◽

Power Grid ◽

Point Of View ◽

Power Grids ◽

Power Lines ◽

Electrical Grid ◽

Edge Betweenness ◽

Theory Point ◽

The Impact

In this paper, we describe an experiment of complex power grid structure and wind and sleet mapping of territory using two different network indices: standard edge betweenness centrality and new author’s index – electrical grid centrality. Such analysis of the network allows to identify power lines with high load which could be vulnerable elements of the power grid. It is very important for strategic planning of power grids to reduce the risk of accidents by distributing loads across several lines so that they will be able to reserve each other. As a case territory for this research, we took the Ural united power system in Russia which is greatly exposed to different sleet and wind according to the statistics of the power grid operator. The degree of natural hazard consequences could be compensated by the network structure through alternative paths of energy supply or vice versa – increased if they are absent. At the same time, in this paper we consider that power grids have their own features from the graph theory point of view, for example multiple (parallel) edges, branches, different types of vertices. The existing index of edge betweenness centrality does not perfectly cope with them. We compare two indices characterizing power line importance within the system – betweenness centrality and electrical grid centrality and analyze the network structure features together with the spatial distribution of sleet and wind. As a result, we could identify bottlenecks in the study network. According to this study the most vulnerable power lines were detected, for example 500 kV Iriklinskaya CHP – Gazovaya and 500 kV Yuzhnouralskaya CHP-2 – Shagol power lines, that supply big cities such as Chelyabinsk and Orenburg and a bunch of industries around them.

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A Systematic PVQV-Curves Approach for Investigating the Impact of Solar Photovoltaic-Generator in Power System Using PowerWorld Simulator

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13102662 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 2662 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdullahi Oboh Muhammed ◽

Muhyaddin Rawa

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Power Systems ◽

Power System ◽

Power Factor ◽

Reactive Power ◽

Power Grid ◽

Percentage Change ◽

Droop Control ◽

Solar Photovoltaic ◽

The Impact

With the recent growing interest in renewable energy integrated power systems across the globe for the various economic and environmental benefits, it is also significant to consider their influence on voltage stability in power systems. Therefore, this paper reports the static voltage stability impact of solar photovoltaic generation on power networks using PowerWorld simulator power-voltage (P–V)- and voltage-reactive power (V–Q)-curves to investigate the renewable energy generator model performance suitability. The impact of varying power factor control and static voltage droop control of a photovoltaic plant on the maximum generated power, threshold voltage profile and reactive power marginal loading has been examined. Besides, the concept of percentage change in voltage-power sensitivity has been systematically utilized to determine the optimal location for the solar photovoltaic generator on the power grid and the feasible penetrations have been defined for selected system buses. From the simulation results it can be concluded that in a steady-state analysis of the grid integrated power system the effects of power factor (pf) control and voltage droop control should be considered by power grid engineers for effective system operation and, equally, the application of percentage change in voltage-power sensitivity should be extended to real networks to determine the best positions for multiple installations of renewable energy resources.

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A Study on the V2G Technology Incorporation in a DC Nanogrid and on the Provision of Voltage Regulation to the Power Grid

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13102655 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 2655

Author(s):

Ioannis Skouros ◽

Athanasios Karlis

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Reactive Power ◽

Power Grid ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Voltage Regulation ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Distribution Grid ◽

Energy Storage Devices ◽

The Impact

Currently, environmental and climate change issues raise a lot of concerns related to conventional vehicles and renewable energy generation methods. Thus, more and more researchers around the world focus on the development and deployment of Renewable Energy Sources (RES). Additionally, due to the technological advancements in power electronics and electrical batteries, Electrical Vehicles (EVs) are becoming more and more popular. In addition, according to the Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) operation, the EV batteries can provide electrical energy to the power grid. In this way, many ancillary services can be provided. A Direct Current (DC) nanogrid can be composed by combining the aforementioned technologies. Nanogrids present high efficiency and provide a simple interaction with renewable energy sources and energy storage devices. Firstly, the present study describes the design considerations of a DC nanogrid as well as the control strategies that have to be applied in order to make the V2G operation feasible. Furthermore, the provision of voltage regulation toward the power grid is investigated though the bidirectional transfer of active and reactive power between the DC nanogrid and the power grid. Afterwards, the voltage regulation techniques are applied in an Alternating Current (AC) radial distribution grid are investigated. The proposed system is simulated in Matlab/Simulink software and though the simulation scenarios the impact of the voltage regulation provided by the DC nanogrid is investigated.

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Voltage Quality and Power Factor Improvement in Smart Grids Using Controlled DG Units

Energies ◽

10.3390/en12183433 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (18) ◽

pp. 3433 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ibrahim Ahmad ◽

Ghaeth Fandi ◽

Zdenek Muller ◽

Josef Tlusty

Keyword(s):

Power Factor ◽

Smart Grids ◽

Reactive Power ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Real Data ◽

Electrical Network ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Electrical Grid ◽

Voltage Quality ◽

High Standards

The increased penetration of renewable energy sources in the electrical grid, due to the rapid increase of power demand and the need of diverse energy sources, has made distributed generation (DG) units an essential part of the modern electrical grid. The integration of many DG units in smart grids requires control and coordination between them, and the grid to maximize the benefits of the DG units. Smart grids and modern electronic devices require high standards of power quality, especially voltage quality. In this paper, a new methodology is presented to improve the voltage quality and power factor in smart grids. This method depends on using voltage variation and admittance values as inputs of a controller that controls the reactive power generation in all DG units. The results show that the controller is efficient in improving the voltage quality and power factor. Real data from an electrical network have been used in the simulation model in MATLAB Simulink to test the new approach.

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