scholarly journals GIS-Analysis Of The Ural Power Grid Vulnerability To The Impact Of Sleet And Wind

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey M. Karpachevskiy ◽  
Oksana G. Filippova ◽  
Pavel E. Kargashin
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Betweenness Centrality ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Edge Betweenness ◽  
Theory Point ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we describe an experiment of complex power grid structure and wind and sleet mapping of territory using two different network indices: standard edge betweenness centrality and new author’s index – electrical grid centrality. Such analysis of the network allows to identify power lines with high load which could be vulnerable elements of the power grid. It is very important for strategic planning of power grids to reduce the risk of accidents by distributing loads across several lines so that they will be able to reserve each other. As a case territory for this research, we took the Ural united power system in Russia which is greatly exposed to different sleet and wind according to the statistics of the power grid operator. The degree of natural hazard consequences could be compensated by the network structure through alternative paths of energy supply or vice versa – increased if they are absent. At the same time, in this paper we consider that power grids have their own features from the graph theory point of view, for example multiple (parallel) edges, branches, different types of vertices. The existing index of edge betweenness centrality does not perfectly cope with them. We compare two indices characterizing power line importance within the system – betweenness centrality and electrical grid centrality and analyze the network structure features together with the spatial distribution of sleet and wind. As a result, we could identify bottlenecks in the study network. According to this study the most vulnerable power lines were detected, for example 500 kV Iriklinskaya CHP – Gazovaya and 500 kV Yuzhnouralskaya CHP-2 – Shagol power lines, that supply big cities such as Chelyabinsk and Orenburg and a bunch of industries around them.

scholarly journals Impacts of Distributed Generation in Electrical Grids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cecilia C. Lima ◽  
Handerson Marques ◽  
Thommas Kevin Sales Flores ◽  
Fabiano Salvadori ◽  
Lucas V. Hartmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Impedance Matrix ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Electrical Grids ◽  
Common Coupling ◽  
The Impact

Unconventional energy sources such as wind, solar and biomass represents more and more an alternative in substitution of conventional energy sources. In effect, many studies still need to be done to clearly identify the impacts that the insertion of distributed generation (DG) sources represent in the power grid. In this paper, an analysis of the impact of the distributed generation (DG) insertion in the electrical grid is realized, based on impedance matrix, grid voltage and power factor (PF). Benchmarks were created to relate the sensibility in a point common coupling (PCC) to the DG insertion. Preliminary results show that sensibility does not change with the load or the PF of the DG.

scholarly journals Review and Progress towards the Common Broadband Management of High-Voltage Transmission Grids: Model Expansion and Comparative Modal Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios G. Lazaropoulos
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Signal Propagation ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Transmission Power ◽  
Transmission Potential ◽  
The Common ◽  
End To End ◽  
The Impact

The need of bridging the digital gap between underdeveloped/developed areas and promoting smart grid (SG) networks urges the deployment of broadband over power lines (BPL) systems and their further integration. The contribution of this paper is fourfold. First, based on the well-established hybrid model of (Lazaropoulos and Cottis 2009, 2010, Lazaropoulos, 2012) and the generic multidimensional network analysis tool presented in (Lazaropoulos 2012, Sartenaer 2004, Sartenaer and Delogne 2006, 2001) an exact multidimensional chain scattering matrix method, which is suitable for overhead high-voltage/broadband over power lines (HV/BPL) networks, is proposed and is evaluated against other theoretical and experimental proven models. Second, the proposed method investigates the overhead HV/BPL transmission grids (overhead 150 kV single-circuit, 275 kV double-circuit, and 400 kV double-circuit multiconductor structures) with regard to their end-to-end signal attenuation. It is found that the above features depend drastically on the overhead power grid type, the frequency, the MTL configuration, the physical properties of the cables used, the end-to-end distance, and the number, the length, and the terminations of the branches encountered along the end-to-end BPL signal propagation. Third, the impact of the multiplicity of the branches at the same junction in overhead HV grids is first examined. Based on the inherent long-branch structure and the quasi-static behavior of single/multiple branches with matched terminations of overhead HV grid, a simple approach suitable for overhead HV/BPL channel estimation is presented. Fourth, identifying the similar characteristics among different overhead HV/BPL configurations, an additional step towards the common overhead HV/BPL analysis is demonstrated; the entire overhead HV/BPL grid may be examined under a common PHY framework regardless of the overhead HV/BPL grid type examined. Finally, apart from the presentation of broadband transmission potential of the entire overhead transmission power grid, a consequence of this paper is that it helps towards: (i) the better broadband monitoring and management of overhead HV transmission power grids in an interactive SG network; and (ii) the intraoperability/interoperability of overhead HV/BPL systems under the aegis of a unified transmission/distribution SG power network.

scholarly journals A Unified Approach for Analysis of Faults in Different Configurations of PV Arrays and Its Impact on Power Grid

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Gul ◽  
Azhar Ul Haq ◽  
Marium Jalal ◽  
Almas Anjum ◽  
Ihsan Ullah Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Fault Analysis ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Multiple Faults ◽  
The Impact

Fault analysis in photovoltaic (PV) arrays is considered important for improving the safety and efficiency of a PV system. Faults do not only reduce efficiency but are also detrimental to the life span of a system. Output can be greatly affected by PV technology, configuration, and other operating conditions. Thus, it is important to consider the impact of different PV configurations and materials for thorough analysis of faults. This paper presents a detailed investigation of faults including non-uniform shading, open circuit and short circuit in different PV interconnections including Series-Parallel (SP), Honey-Comb (HC) and Total-cross-Tied (TCT). A special case of multiple faults in PV array under non-uniform irradiance is also investigated to analyze their combined impact on considered different PV interconnections. In order to be more comprehensive, we have considered monocrystalline and thin-film PV to analyze faults and their impact on power grids. Simulations are conducted in MATLAB/Simulink, and the obtained results in terms of power(P)–voltage(V) curve are compared and discussed. It is found that utilization of thin-film PV technology with appropriated PV interconnections can minimize the impact of faults on a power grid with improved performance of the system.

scholarly journals Jabatan Notaris Dalam Era Perkembangan Teknologi Informasi Dan Komunikasi

Acta Comitas ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Genesia Hardina Memah
Keyword(s):  
Negative Influence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Regular Meeting ◽  
Utilization Of Technology ◽  
Theory Point ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Law ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
Legal Methodology ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this research is to find the influences of the development on technology information and communication on the administrative and the material (substantive) aspect to a notary, wherein this research normative legal methodology is conducted with the results as follow there is a positive administrative influence of technology information and communication such as the use of e-government in the communication of notary or candidate of a notary with government and the increased office effectiveness. However, there is also a negative influence such as the ease of publication and self-promotion; thus, the Indonesia Notary Association need to always give direction through a regular meeting. The impact of technology information and communication on the administrative aspect is that it could result on clash between the Law of Notary with other law that already regulate the utilization of technology information and communication where from the theory point of view, the concept of lex specialis derogat legi generali can be used while from the practical perspective, it is preferable to have memorandum of understanding between the Indonesian Notary Association with the Indonesian Nasional Police (Polri).

scholarly journals Characterisation of Signal Amplitude-Frequency for Indoor Power Line Communication Channel in the 1 — 30 MHz Broadband Frequencies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Adedayo Oluyomi Ajibade ◽  
llesanmi Banjo Oluwafemi ◽  
Israel Esan Owolabi
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Communication Channel ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Signal Amplitude ◽  
Power Line ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Power Line Communication

The transmission of data signals over power lines is a very promising technique for delivering indoor broadband communication services. However, since power grids were originally designed for high-voltage low-frequency signal transmission, there is a frequency mismatch between the power grid and high-frequency data signals. This mismatch poses a challenge to deploying power lines as a communication channel. Although, studies and researches conducted in several countries have made transmission of data over power lines possible, the behaviour and properties of the power grid cannot be generalised. Hence, the need for in-depth experiment and measurement on the suitability and capability of the Nigerian power grid for data transmission is crucial for proper characterising and modelling of the power line communication (PLC) channel. In this paper, we present experimental measurements and results of the effects of frequency variations on the attenuation experienced by broadband high-speed data signals transmitted over the Nigerian indoor power line network.

scholarly journals Analysis of the impact of electric vehicles on the power grid

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek Kasprzyk ◽  
Robert Pietracho ◽  
Karol Bednarek
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Voltage Drops ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Methods Of Control

The paper presents problems related to the impact of electric vehicles connected to the power grid on energy parameters. Basic methods of control in power grids were discussed and results of the simulation were presented with regards to the power distribution, voltage drops and losses in the transmission lines. The simulation was conducted based on the example of CIGRE 11, to which electric vehicle charging stations were connected in several selected points, with the possibility of energy release into the grid. The obtained results were compared for the simulation conducted in two variants – without the connected electric vehicles and with them. The obtained results were analyzed and commented upon.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Study of Deep Learning for Side-Channel Analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 348-375
Author(s):  
Loïc Masure ◽  
Cécile Dumas ◽  
Emmanuel Prouff
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Loss Function ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Side Channel ◽  
Counter Measures ◽  
Performance Metric ◽  
Theory Point ◽  
Channel Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Recently, several studies have been published on the application of deep learning to enhance Side-Channel Attacks (SCA). These seminal works have practically validated the soundness of the approach, especially against implementations protected by masking or by jittering. Concurrently, important open issues have emerged. Among them, the relevance of machine (and thereby deep) learning based SCA has been questioned in several papers based on the lack of relation between the accuracy, a typical performance metric used in machine learning, and common SCA metrics like the Guessing entropy or the key-discrimination success rate. Also, the impact of the classical side-channel counter-measures on the efficiency of deep learning has been questioned, in particular by the semi-conductor industry. Both questions enlighten the importance of studying the theoretical soundness of deep learning in the context of side-channel and of developing means to quantify its efficiency, especially with respect to the optimality bounds published so far in the literature for side-channel leakage exploitation. The first main contribution of this paper directly concerns the latter point. It is indeed proved that minimizing the Negative Log Likelihood (NLL for short) loss function during the training of deep neural networks is actually asymptotically equivalent to maximizing the Perceived Information introduced by Renauld et al. at EUROCRYPT 2011 as a lower bound of the Mutual Information between the leakage and the target secret. Hence, such a training can be considered as an efficient and effective estimation of the PI, and thereby of the MI (known to be complex to accurately estimate in the context of secure implementations). As a second direct consequence of our main contribution, it is argued that, in a side-channel exploitation context, choosing the NLL loss function to drive the training is sound from an information theory point of view. As a third contribution, classical counter-measures like Boolean masking or execution flow shuffling, initially dedicated to classical SCA, are proved to stay sound against deep Learning based attacks.

scholarly journals Multiplicity of overvoltages during arc single phase earth faults in 35 kV electrical grids

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Zinoviy Bakhor ◽  
◽  
Andriy Yatseiko ◽  
Roman Ferensovych
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Electrical Distribution ◽  
Electrical Grids ◽  
Isolated Neutral ◽  
Distribution Grids

The arc overvoltages during the single phase to earth faults in electrical distribution grids of 6-35 kV are the object of the research in this paper. The development of 35 kV distribution electrical grids is accompanied by the construction of new overhead and cable power lines. It causes a change of the capacitive earth fault current in the grids and also affects the multiplicity of overvoltages in electrical distribution grids during the single phase to earth faults. The paper shows the research results of overvoltages during arc single phase to earth faults in 35 kV electrical grid with the different grounding modes of a grid neutral (an isolated neutral, a grounded neutral through an arc-quenching reactor, a grounded neutral through a resistor). The calculations were performed on the digital models of the investigation power grids. According to the research results, a mathematical model has been created, which allows obtaining the maximum expected multiplicity of overvoltages in 35 kV electrical grids during the single phase to earth faults. This allows making decisions about the optimal measures for the protection of an electrical equipment insulation taking into account expected values of overvoltages as early as at the stage of pre-design works for the development of such electrical grids.

scholarly journals Analysis of Wind Power Grid Connection Based on MATLAB

2021 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 01050
Author(s):  
Yuyang Mao ◽  
Xiaolong Wang ◽  
Zhiqiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Grid Connection ◽  
Output Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

As the proportion of new energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics in the power system continues to increase, their volatility and intermittentness have also brought new challenges to the stable operation of the power grid. The impact of the decline in power quality caused by a large number of wind power grids has become increasingly significant. This article analyzes and summarizes the development, status quo of wind power and the current problems of a large number of wind power grid connections. First, it briefly describes the history of wind power and the current development of wind power, and uses MATLAB to establish models of variable speed wind turbines connected to the grid. The models are used to analyze the output characteristics of wind turbines under normal operating conditions and faulty operating conditions. Finally, the impact of a large number of wind power grids on the power system is studied.

scholarly journals Multiobjective Optimization regarding Vehicles and Power Grids

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kaiyang Zhong ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Jiaming Pei ◽  
Jiyuan Xu ◽  
Zonglin Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiobjective Optimization ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Power Grids ◽  
Load Curve ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Grid Operators ◽  
The Impact

Vehicle to Grid (V2G) refers to the optimal management of the charging and discharging behavior of electric vehicles through reasonable strategies and advanced communication. In the process of interaction, there are three stakeholders: the power grid, operators (charging stations), and EV users. In real life, the impact of peak-valley difference caused a lot of power loss when charging. At the same time, the loss of current is also a loss for power grid companies and EV users. In this paper, we propose a multiobjective optimization method to reduce the current loss and determine the relationship between the parameters and the objective function and constraints. This optimization method uses a genetic algorithm for multiobjective optimization. Through the analysis of the number of vehicles and load curve of AC class I and AC class II electric vehicles before and after optimization in each period, we found that the charging load of electric vehicles played a role of valley filling in the low valley price stage and played a peak-cutting role in a peak price period.

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