Choroidal Melanoma: An Overview

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Mostafa ◽  
Kusy Suleiman ◽  
Yusuf Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Choroidal Melanoma ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Retinal Epithelium ◽  
Fundoscopic Examination

Pigmented fundus lesions on fundoscopic examination are not an uncommon finding. Pigmented tumoral lesions can arise from the retinal epithelium or choroidal melanocytes causing a spectrum of disorders, ranging from choroidal naevus and foreign bodies to the rarer choroidal melanoma. As choroidal melanoma is the most common primary malignant intraocular tumour, this educational review aims to provide a structured overview of this topic to students and junior doctors, to help establish an understanding of such a rare but life-threatening condition. This will also provide the reader with an insight on referral guidelines in the United Kingdom, a brief overview of various treatments, and factors that affect patient’s prognosis.

scholarly journals Accidentally ingested textile foreign bodies, a cause of gastrointestinal obstruction in dogs and cats – a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (06) ◽  
pp. 680-684
Author(s):  
NICULAE TUDOR ◽  
BOGDAN ALEXANDRU VIȚĂLARU ◽  
VLAD TRAIAN LUPU ◽  
MARIO DARIUS CODREANU ◽  
CARMEN MIHAI
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Accidental Ingestion ◽  
Gastrointestinal Obstruction ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

Gastrointestinal obstruction is a life-threatening condition that is usually caused by accidental ingestion of inedible objects, through play or food indiscretions. Ingested foreign objects generate the mechanical obstruction of the gastrointestinal segment, characterized by a relatively typical set of symptoms, depending on the location. The aim of this study was the clinical and imaging description of some cases of gastrointestinal obstruction in dogs and cats, caused by swallowing textile foreign bodies. The study included 12 dogs and 8 cats of different breeds and ages, belonging to both sexes, which showed clinical signs suggestive from a clinical-anamnestic point of view for gastrointestinal obstruction. These patients had symptoms with acute or chronic progressive evolution of the gastrointestinal tract, including restlessness, deviation, vomiting (single or repeated episodes), abdominal tenderness, constipation and tenesmus. The diagnosis was confirmed by radiographic examination, simple and with contrast medium, and ultrasound, completed in some situations with laparotomy. Ingested textile foreign bodies were represented by socks/stockings (5 dogs and 3 cats), underwear (3 dogs), rope (1 dog and 3 cats), carpet fragments (2 dog and 1 cat), toy fragments (1 dog and 1 cat), and they were located in the stomach (7/12; 58.33%, respectively 4/8; 50%), in the gastro-duodenal segment (2/12; 16.67%, respectively 3/8; 37.5%), in the jejunum (3/12; 25%, respectively 1/8; 12.5%) and in the colon (1/12; 8.33%, respectively 1/8; 12.5%). Gastrointestinal obstruction in pets, caused by accidental ingestion of textile foreign bodies, is a medical emergency and imaging examinations are the main diagnostic tool in the establishment of a subsequent therapy with maximum efficiency.

scholarly journals Is undergraduate otorhinolaryngology teaching relevant to junior doctors working in accident and emergency departments?

2006 ◽  
Vol 120 (11) ◽  
pp. 949-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sharma ◽  
K Machen ◽  
B Clarke ◽  
D Howard
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Telephone Survey ◽  
Undergraduate Curriculum ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
General Medical Practice ◽  
Postgraduate Teaching ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Practice Of Medicine

Undergraduate ENT teaching provides junior doctors with skills and knowledge useful for the practice of medicine. However, ENT has been removed from the curriculum of nine of the 29 medical schools in the United Kingdom, as it was not deemed relevant to general medical practice. A telephone survey was performed of 20 senior house officers working in accident and emergency (A&E) departments across the United Kingdom. The results showed that 90 per cent felt their undergraduate ENT teaching was directly beneficial to working in A&E, 75 per cent felt they had not received enough undergraduate ENT teaching and 45 per cent currently received no postgraduate teaching whilst working in A&E.These results illustrate the importance of ENT teaching in the undergraduate curriculum and its value to practising doctors. They highlight the fact that prospective studies are required to examine the effect on junior doctors of changing the curriculum.

Psychiatry Trainee Burnout in the United Kingdom: The BoSS Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s297-s297
Author(s):  
J.N. Beezhold ◽  
K. Beezhold ◽  
A. Malik ◽  
G. Lydall ◽  
A. Podlesek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Burnout Syndrome ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Professional Efficacy ◽  
The United Kingdom

IntroductionBurnout syndrome is defined by three domains: emotional exhaustion, cynicism and reduced professional efficacy. Junior doctors have a high susceptibility to burnout reflected in the high prevalence identified in previous work. This is a significant issue as burnout has measurable effects on work performance. There has been limited research conducted on burnout in psychiatry trainees in the United Kingdom.AimThis paper takes a step towards addressing this gap by extracting the data concerning UK psychiatric trainees collected in the international burnout syndrome study (BoSS), which aimed to assess the prevalence and contributing factors of burnout among psychiatric trainees from over 20 countries, and presenting the findings concerning UK trainees.MethodData collected included demographic data and information related to working hours, bullying, harassment and stalking, supervision, suicidal ideation, depression (PHQ−9), and a personality trait assessment. Burnout syndrome was measured using the Maslach burnout inventory (MBI-GS). A total of 3964 psychiatry trainees in the UK were invited, of which 1187 (30%) responded including 811 (20%) providing complete responses for MBI-GS.ResultsThe mean age was 33 years, and 49.1% of respondents were male. Gender distribution of participants was the same as non-participants. Mean scores were 2.6 for exhaustion, 2.1 for cynicism and 4.5 for professional efficacy; and severe burnout was found in 309 (38%).ConclusionThree factors were positively associated with severe burnout: long working hours, lack of clinical supervision and not having regular time to rest.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The Throat Pack Debate: A Review of Current Practice in UK and Ireland Cleft Centers

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110005
Author(s):  
Terry-Ann Curran ◽  
Nitisha Narayan ◽  
Lynn Fenner ◽  
Guy Thornburn ◽  
Marc C. Swan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Endotracheal Tubes ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Pharyngeal Packing ◽  
Throat Pack

Introduction: The use of throat packs during oropharyngeal surgery has long been a topic of debate among cleft surgeons. The advantage of inserting an absorbent tulle within the pharynx must be weighed against the risk of unintended retention postoperatively. Despite safety check mechanisms in place, retention may occur with potentially life-threatening consequences. We present a comprehensive review of throat pack use in all cleft units within the United Kingdom and Ireland. Methods: All 20 cleft surgery units in the United Kingdom and Ireland were surveyed on their use of throat packs in children aged 6 months to 2 years undergoing elective cleft palate surgery. Results: The response rate to the survey was 100%. Seventy-five percent of units currently use throat packs; in 40%, they are used in addition to cuffed endotracheal tubes (ETTs). Inclusion of the throat pack in the surgical swab count was perceived as the safest mechanism employed to avoid retention. 26.1% of respondents were aware of at least 1 incident of pack retention in their unit. Discussion/Conclusion: The reported UK and Irish experience demonstrates that three-quarters of units routinely use packs. Notably, a quarter of respondents to the survey have experience of an incident of throat pack retention. Nevertheless, the majority of respondents considered the perceived risk of retaining a pack to be low. The growing use of microcuffed ETTs in UK cleft units paired with a low incidence of perioperative complications when a throat pack is not introduced might prompt cleft surgeons to review routine pharyngeal packing.

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