scholarly journals Pilot Study for Translated Scale of Response to Positive Affect

2013 ◽  
Vol 77 (0) ◽  
pp. 2PM-041-2PM-041
Author(s):  
Toshizumi MUTA ◽  
Fusako KOSHIKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Scale Of Response

Stop and Start Control: A Distinction within Self–Control

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 349-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. de Boer ◽  
Edwin A. J. van Hooft ◽  
Arnold B. Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Expert Ratings

A theoretical distinction within self–control, between stop control and start control, was investigated in two studies. Study 1 consisted of a pilot study in which expert ratings of existing self–control items were used to distinguish between stop and start control items and a confirmatory factor analyses of these items using a student sample ( N = 474). Also, stop and start control were related to overall affect and behavioural outcomes. Stop control was negatively related to negative affect, whereas start control was positively related to positive affect. Study 2 ( N = 226) replicated some of these findings; stop control was the best predictor (−) of smoking and alcohol consumption whereas start control was the best predictor (+) of exercising and studying. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals A pilot study of positive mood induction in euthymic bipolar subjects compared with healthy controls

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1213-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNE FARMER ◽  
DOMINIC LAM ◽  
BARBARA SAHAKIAN ◽  
JONATHON ROISER ◽  
AILBHE BURKE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Mood Induction ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Visual Analogue Scales ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Happy Mood ◽  
Analogue Scales

Background. Demonstrating differences between euthymic bipolar subjects and healthy controls in response to positive (happy) mood induction may help elucidate how mania evolves. This pilot study evaluates the Go task in a reward paradigm as a method for inducing a happy mood state and compares the response of euthymic bipolar subjects and healthy controls.Method. The Sense of Hyperpositive Self Scale, the Tellegen positive and negative adjectives, the Global-Local task and a visual analogue scale for measuring positive affect were administered to 15 euthymic bipolar subjects and 19 age-and-sex-matched healthy control subjects before and after they had performed the Go task in a reward paradigm.Results. Significant differences were found between subjects and controls on several measures at each time-point but there were no differences across the groups across time except for the visual analogue scales, where subjects had a more sustained duration in self-reported happiness compared with controls.Conclusions. This pilot study has shown that a positive affect can be induced in bipolar subjects and controls which can be demonstrated by changes in scores on several tasks. However, only the visual analogue scales showed a significant difference between cases and controls over time. Such tests may prove valuable in furthering understanding about the evolution of manic mood states.

THE DAILY AFFECT OF HEROIN ADDICTS IN A THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY: A PILOT STUDY IN HONG KONG

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 561-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni B. Moneta ◽  
Oi-Chu Wong
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Therapeutic Community ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Heroin Addicts ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
Daily Affect ◽  
Healthy Functioning

The authors examined how heroin addicts' affect varies in relation to perceived levels of challenges and skills in daily activities. Fourteen male residents of a therapeutic community completed 21 end-of-day diaries measuring affect. Unexpectedly, addicts had comparable positive affect to, and less negative affect, than a nonclinical student sample. Positive affect correlated with the imbalance of challenges and skills. Heroin addicts deviate from the flow model of healthy functioning as they optimize affect in states of either overcontrol or lack of control.

scholarly journals Virtual reality is a feasible intervention platform in multiple sclerosis: A pilot protocol and acute improvements in affect

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 205521732110061
Author(s):  
Michael T. Shaw ◽  
Maria J. Palmeri ◽  
Martin Malik ◽  
Bryan Dobbs ◽  
Leigh E. Charvet
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Daily Functioning ◽  
Age Range

Background People living with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience a high symptom burden that interferes with daily functioning. Virtual reality (VR) is an emerging technology with a range of potential therapeutic applications that may include ameliorating the experience of some common MS symptoms. Objective We tested the feasibility and tolerability of a VR intervention and its preliminary effects on affect. Methods Participants with MS were recruited to complete a pilot study of eight sessions of VR over four weeks. Results A total of n = 16 participants with MS completed the study (age range: 28–63). Feasibility goals were met with 100% of the sample completing at least n = 4/8 of their intervention sessions, with a total of 119/128 (93%) completed sessions. Two of the n = 16 participants experienced brief adverse events (balance, vertigo) but these resolved with headset removal and were not otherwise treatment limiting. There was a preliminary indication of overall improved affect from baseline to intervention end, with significantly improved positive affect ( t(15) = −3.19, p = 0.006) and decreased negative affect ( t(15) = 2.25, p = 0.040). Conclusion VR interventions are feasible, safe, and tolerable for individuals living with MS and may improve affect.

scholarly journals Applying Behavioral Nudges in a Dietary Comparator for Surgical Trials: Developing the MediDiet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Y. Zhang ◽  
Daniel Norwitz ◽  
Adam Drewnowski ◽  
Nidhi Agrawal ◽  
David R. Flum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Dietary Change ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Dietary Feedback

Introduction: The Mediterranean diet is being studied as an alternative to surgery for common gastrointestinal conditions. However, dietary change can be challenging. "Nudges" - behavioral science strategies seeking to influence cognitive processes to promote good behaviors - may help. We conducted a pilot study evaluating the acceptability of the MediDiet, a behaviorally designed dietary intervention incorporating nudges and recommendations based on the Mediterranean Diet. Methods: We conducted a three-phase pilot study involving parallel randomized surveys of U.S. adults. After completing a validated questionnaire assessing dietary consistency with a Mediterranean diet, participants were randomized to feedback containing no nudge versus nudge: peer comparison; peer comparison + positive affect induction; or default. Participants then rated their positive and negative emotions, motivation for dietary change, and interest in recipes. Responses were analyzed using baseline covariate-adjusted regression. Results: Among 1,709 participants, 56% were men, 73% were White, and the mean age was 38. In response to dietary feedback, participants reported low negative emotions, high positive emotions, moderate motivation for dietary change and high interest in recipes. Nudges did not affect the extent of negative (p=0.104) or positive (p=0.34) emotions, motivation (p=0.139), or interest (p=0.86). In exploratory analyses, those with moderate and high consistency with the Mediterranean diet, with or without nudges, reported lower negative affect, greater positive affect, greater motivation, and greater interest in recipes, than the minimally consistent, no nudge group. Conclusion: Delivering dietary feedback based on the Mediterranean diet using behavioral nudges was acceptable among U.S. adults, rousing positive reactions without triggering negative ones. As early evidence, this pilot study provides the basis for testing nudge-based dietary guidance among individuals with symptomatic gallstones, diverticulitis, and other gastrointestinal diseases.

scholarly journals Virtual Reality Reward Training for Anhedonia: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Chen ◽  
Nora Barnes-Horowitz ◽  
Michael Treanor ◽  
Michael Sun ◽  
Katherine S. Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Significant Depression ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
Clinically Significant

Anhedonia is a risk factor for suicide and poor treatment response in depressed individuals. Most evidence-based psychological therapies target symptoms of heightened negative affect (e.g., negative inferential style) instead of deficits in positive affect (e.g., attenuated reward response) and typically show little benefit for anhedonia. Viewing positive scenes through virtual reality (VR) has been shown to increase positive affect and holds great promise for addressing anhedonic symptoms. In this pilot study, six participants with clinically significant depression completed 13 sessions of exposure to positive scenes in a controlled VR environment. Significant decreases were found in self-reported anhedonia, depression, anxiety, and impairments in functioning from baseline to 1-month follow-up. Negative affect decreased over all 13 sessions, and positive affect increased over sessions 8–13. Results suggest that positive experiences in VR may be a novel avenue for the treatment of anhedonia in depressed individuals.

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