scholarly journals Evaluation of the Structural Stability of an Octagonal Dome with Meridional Cracks. Case Study: Temple of Santa Lucia, Ambalema, Colombia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Jorge Olmedo Montoya ◽  
Olimpia Niglio ◽  
Karol Brigith Romero
Keyword(s):  
Structural Stability ◽  
Dynamic Loads ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Seismic Loads ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Historical Structures ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Typical Process

This work performed a comparative analysis between the construction process carried out when building the dome at the Temple of Santa Lucía, in Ambalema-Colombia and the typical process of an octagonal dome. Additionally, the structural stability is assessed of the dome of the case study against service and dynamic loads. To compare with the case study, known domes were taken as examples from structures in Italy and Spain. The analysis includes a study on the dome’s geometry and the constructive errors found. Methodology: The dome’s stability was evaluated through structural analysis software for which the dome was simplified into a system of four articulated arches. Conclusions: As a result, it was found that the dome of the temple of Santa Lucía does not have a system to counteract lateral thrusts (a drum or its similar), which permitted the appearance and widening of meridional cracks. These cracks propagate from the base to the crown, but do not compromise the structure’s stability for service loads. The analysis for seismic loads indicates that the dome is at risk of collapse upon seismic events, even of moderate magnitudes. Originality: The study is aimed at architects and engineers interested in the theme of restoration of historical structures.

A Pleasing Odour for Yahweh

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-24
Author(s):  
Anne Katrine De Hemmer Gudme
Keyword(s):  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Sacred Space ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The West ◽  
Sense Of Smell ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Crucial Part

This article investigates the importance of smell in the sacrificial cults of the ancient Mediterranean, using the Yahweh temple on Mount Gerizim and the Hebrew Bible as a case-study. The material shows that smell was an important factor in delineating sacred space in the ancient world and that the sense of smell was a crucial part of the conceptualization of the meeting between the human and the divine.  In the Hebrew Bible, the temple cult is pervaded by smell. There is the sacred oil laced with spices and aromatics with which the sanctuary and the priests are anointed. There is the fragrant and luxurious incense, which is burnt every day in front of Yahweh and finally there are the sacrifices and offerings that are burnt on the altar as ‘gifts of fire’ and as ‘pleasing odors’ to Yahweh. The gifts that are given to Yahweh are explicitly described as pleasing to the deity’s sense of smell. On Mount Gerizim, which is close to present-day Nablus on the west bank, there once stood a temple dedicated to the god Yahweh, whom we also know from the Hebrew Bible. The temple was in use from the Persian to the Hellenistic period (ca. 450 – 110 BCE) and during this time thousands of animals (mostly goats, sheep, pigeons and cows) were slaughtered and burnt on the altar as gifts to Yahweh. The worshippers who came to the sanctuary – and we know some of them by name because they left inscriptions commemorating their visit to the temple – would have experienced an overwhelming combination of smells: the smell of spicy herbs baked by the sun that is carried by the wind, the smell of humans standing close together and the smell of animals, of dung and blood, and behind it all as a backdrop of scent the constant smell of the sacrificial smoke that rises to the sky.

Between the Temple Mount/Haram el-Sharif and the Holy Sepulchre: Archaeological Involvement in Jerusalem's Holy Places

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-288
Author(s):  
Gideon Avni ◽  
Jon Seligman
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Academic World ◽  
Holy Places ◽  
Temple Mount ◽  
The Temple

Archaeological involvement in the holy places of Jerusalem has become a focus of professional and public concern during recent years. The two sacred areas of the Temple Mount and the Holy Sepulchre combine their role as historical and architectural monuments of supreme importance with their daily use as central religious sites. The connection between scholars, mainly archaeologists and architects, who studied these monuments, and the local religious authorities in charge of the holy sites has accompanied research on Jerusalem since the mid-nineteenth century. The main issues to be analyzed in this paper are related to the ways archaeologists and other scholars are involved with the major holy sites of Jerusalem: how the 'owners' of the Temple Mount and the Holy Sepulchre viewed these scholars and their research; to what degree they were prepared to cooperate with them; what their motives were for doing so and how archaeologists and other researchers operated and adhered to scholarly interests in such complex sites. The Jerusalem case study is used to investigate the larger scope of interrelations between the academic world and the religious 'owners' of holy sites in other locations.

scholarly journals Identification of Paleoearthquakes and Coseismic Slips on a Normal Fault Using High-Precision Quantitative Morphology: Application to the Jiaocheng Fault in the Shanxi Rift, China

Lithosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (Special 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junjie Zou ◽  
Honglin He ◽  
Yusuke Yokoyama ◽  
Adam D. Sproson ◽  
Yoshiki Shirahama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Faults ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Quantitative Morphology ◽  
Coseismic Slip ◽  
Slip History ◽  
Absolute Dating ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Shanxi Rift

Abstract The quantitative morphology of bedrock fault surfaces combined with aerial surveys and field identification is a useful approach to identify paleoearthquakes, obtain coseismic slips, and evaluate the seismogenic capacity of active faults in bedrock areas where traditional trenching methods are not applicable. Here, we report a case study of the Jiaocheng Fault (JCF) in the Shanxi Rift, China. Although several studies have been conducted on the JCF, its coseismic slip history and seismogenic capacity are still unclear. To address these problems, we investigated two bedrock fault surfaces, Sixicun (SXC) and Shanglanzhen (SLZ), on the JCF’s northern segment using quantitative morphological analysis together with aerial and field surveys. Quantitative fractal analysis based on the isotropic empirical variogram and moving window shows that both bedrock fault surfaces have the characteristics of vertical segmentation, which is likely due to periodic earthquakes, the coseismic slip of which can be determined by the height of the segments. Three seismic events at SXC, with a coseismic vertical slip of 1.74, 1.65, and 1.99 m, and three seismic events at SLZ, with a coseismic vertical slip of 1.32, 2.35, and 1.88 m, are identified. Compared with the previous studies, these three seismic events may occur in the Holocene, but it requires absolute dating ages to support, which is also the focus of our future work. Considering the seismologic capability (M>7.5) and the relationship between the recurrence interval of ~2.6 kyr and elapsed time of more than 3 kyr, the seismic hazard of the northern and middle segments of the JCF requires immediate attention.

scholarly journals Architecture in transition: the case study of the dormition catedral in Volodymyr Volynskyi

1970 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-135
Author(s):  
Petro Rychkov
Keyword(s):  
Architectural Monument ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
The Temple ◽  
Stylistic Changes

There are considered the key architectural transformations of the famous architectural monument, the Dormition Cathedral in Volodymyr (now Volodymyr Volynskyi, northwestern region of contemporary territory of Ukraine) during the XII – XIX centuries. The circumstances and motivations that have resulted in radical constructive and stylistic changes of this temple at certain stages of its existence have been retraced. The dependence of architectural changes of the temple on social, political, religious and subjective factors is revealed.

scholarly journals ANÁLISE DE SEGUNDA ORDEM DE ESTRUTURAS EM CONCRETO ARMADO

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (206) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Ailton Queiroz Junior ◽  
Antonio Ribeiro Santos Junior
Keyword(s):  
Global Stability ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Structural Details ◽  
Overall Stability ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Bracing System

With the expressive increase in the demand for increasingly tall and robust constructions, plus more and more complex structural details that end up becoming a key element for the projects of the structures of the undertakings, it is important to consider the efforts made by the reinforced concrete structures are subjected. In this sense, the present work has as objective the approach of the parameters of global stability a and Yz followed by the verification of the efforts on the pavements and the displacements of the building caused by the loads acting on the structure. In this work, the use of the global stability parameter a and Yz, which is of fundamental relevance and also prescribed in NBR 6118 (ABNT, 2014), was evaluated. The use of the parameter a considered for the evaluation of the overall stability of the structure, but which is not capable of estimating second order efforts, allows us to classify a structure as being of fixed or mobile nodes. The Yz parameter, on the other hand, can be used to obtain second order efforts. To carry out this work, a case study was launched in the structural analysis software Ftool. The present analysis carried out showed that it is possible to conceive a bracing system for a building with up to 30 floors, using the pillar-wall solution having as a substitute resource for the aforementioned solution the solution of frames formed by beams and columns addressed continuously by tall building literature. Therefore, it is worth mentioning that the solution with wall pillars tends to be more expensive than the solution with frames, a system adopted in the development of this work due to the economic viability of the construction, in view of a higher consumption of materials in the superstructure and also higher costs in the construction. execution of foundations, due to the efforts that will be generated in the building (horizontal forces and bending moments).

Damping in LMFBR Pipe Systems

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Anderson ◽  
D. A. Barta ◽  
M. R. Lindquist ◽  
E. J. Renkey ◽  
J. A. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Excitation Amplitude ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Seismic Loads ◽  
Modal Damping ◽  
Water Plant ◽  
Pipe Systems ◽  
Vibration Tests ◽  
Recent Laboratory

Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor pipe systems typically utilize a thicker insulation package than that used on water plant pipe systems. They are supported with special insulated pipe clamps. Mechanical snubbers are employed to resist seismic loads. Recent laboratory testing has indicated that these features provide significantly more damping than presently allowed by Regulatory Guide 1.61 for water plant pipe systems. This paper presents results of additional in-situ vibration tests conducted on Fast Flux Test Facility pipe systems. Pipe damping values obtained at various excitation levels are presented. Effects of filtering data to provide damping values at discrete frequencies and the alternate use of a single equivalent modal damping value are discussed. These tests further confirm that damping in typical LMFBR pipe systems is larger than presently used in pipe design. Although some increase in damping occurred with increased excitation amplitude, the effect was not significant. Recommendations are made to use increased damping values for seismic events in design of heavily insulated pipe systems.

scholarly journals Management of defective works in infrastructure projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
E. Gashi
Keyword(s):  
Complex Nature ◽  
Skilled Labor ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Construction Costs ◽  
Engineering Project ◽  
Construction Company ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Project Costs ◽  
Construction Defects

Constructing a new building or any other civil engineering project from scratch is a challenge for the construction industry as novelty designs may be produced by designers but they are often constructed by low skilled labor on site. The unique and sometimes complex nature of the construction sector arises because a large number of different professional groups have different interests and requirements, which often conflict with one another. In principle, each construction company aims to construct a project without any defects from the very first activity on site right up to final completion. This aim is almost impossible to achieve throughout the entire construction duration because of many factors, including: low skilled labor, difficult site conditions, and incomplete designs, varying quality cultures in each company, poor communication and poor management. Therefore, construction defects are things which we can assume to have occurred on the site. Defects occurring during the construction process are sometimes costly and preventable mistakes. Research has shown that correcting defective components that are identified late in the construction process or during the maintenance period accounts for approximately 15% of the total construction costs. This paper presents a case study of the defects that occurred during a motorway construction project as a consequence of poor workmanship by an untrained workforce and it aims to raise awareness of the need for on-the-job training for quality managers in order to minimize defective works and reduce the project costs spent on correcting them. It also identifies the various factors that cause construction defects and suggests measures that can be taken to reduce them.

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