Comparative Evaluation of Neem Mouthwash on Plaque and Gingivitis: A Double-blind Crossover Study

ABSTRACT Aim The present study aimed at evaluating the impact of neemcontaining mouthwash on plaque and gingivitis. Materials and methods This randomized, double-blinded, crossover clinical trial included 40 participants aged 18 to 35 years with washout period of 1 week between the crossover phases. A total of 20 participants, each randomly allocated into groups I and II, wherein in the first phase, group I was provided with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate and group II with 2% neem mouthwash. After the scores were recorded, 1-week time period was given to the participants to carry over the effects of the mouthwashes and then the second phase of the test was performed. The participants were instructed to use the other mouthwash through the second test phase. Results There was a slight reduction of plaque level in the first phase as well as in the second phase. When comparison was made between the groups, no statistically significant difference was seen. Both the groups showed reduction in the gingival index (GI) scores in the first phase, and there was a statistically significant difference in both groups at baseline and after intervention (0.005 and 0.01 respectively). In the second phase, GI scores were reduced in both groups, but there was a statistically significant difference between the groups only at baseline scores (0.01). Conclusion In the present study, it has been concluded that neem mouthwash can be used as an alternative to chlorhexidine mouthwash based on the reduced scores in both the groups. Clinical significance Using neem mouthwash in maintaining oral hygiene might have a better impact in prevention as well as pervasiveness of oral diseases as it is cost-effective and easily available. How to cite this article Jalaluddin M, Rajasekaran UB, Paul S, Dhanya RS, Sudeep CB, Adarsh VJ. Comparative Evaluation of Neem Mouthwash on Plaque and Gingivitis: A Double-blind Crossover Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(7):567-571.

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Double-Blind Crossover Study of Nabumetone versus Naproxen in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/030006058201000404 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 214-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

L A Verbruggen ◽

E Cytryn ◽

H Pintens

Keyword(s):

Crossover Study ◽

Morning Stiffness ◽

Double Blind ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Wide Range ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Blind Crossover Study ◽

Double Blind Crossover Study ◽

Special Patient ◽

Total Trial

Twenty-one patients entered a double-blind crossover study to compare nabumetone with naproxen. After a I-week run-in period using a coated acetylsalicylic acid preparation, ten patients received nabumetone (1 g at night) over a period of 2 weeks, followed by 2 weeks on naproxen (250 mg b.i.d), while eleven patients received the same treatments in the reverse order. Morning stiffness, overall pain and night pain showed no significant difference after either treatment. A wide range of objective measurements were made relating to the hips, knees, and cervical and lumbar spine. No statistically significant differences were observed in the relatively small number of patients involved. Both treatments, however, appeared to produce a similar improvement in the patients. The physician's assessment showed that improvement occurred in a majority of the patients over the total trial period. Both drugs were considered to be equally effective and were both well tolerated. There was no special patient preference for either the first or second treatment. A total of eight patients reported side-effects, three during naproxen alone, three during both treatments, and two during the run-in period. In terms of tolerance, fifteen patients had no drug preference, six preferred nabumetone, none preferred naproxen. No evidence was found of changes in renal, hepatic or haematopoietic function with the two drugs tested.

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A Double-Blind Crossover Study of Two Cyclobenzaprine Regimens in Primary Fibromyalgia Syndrome

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/030006059302100202 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 74-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

S Santandrea ◽

F Montrone ◽

P Sarzi-Puttini ◽

L Boccassini ◽

I Caruso

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Crossover Study ◽

Fibromyalgia Syndrome ◽

Double Blind ◽

Primary Fibromyalgia ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

Primary Fibromyalgia Syndrome ◽

Blind Crossover Study ◽

Double Blind Crossover Study

In a double-blind crossover study, the efficacy and tolerability of oral cyclobenzaprine administered in two different regimens were compared in 40 patients affected by primary fibromyalgia syndrome. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. Each group of 20 patients was treated for 15 days with either a single dose of 10 mg/day cyclobenzaprine at bedtime or 30 mg/day cyclobenzaprine in three equal doses daily. Following treatment there was a 15-day washout period before the groups were crossed over to the other treatment. Both regimens resulted in a significant decline in the number of tender points; significant improvements were also reported in the quality of sleep, anxiety, fatigue, irritable bowel syndrome and stiffness. There was no significant difference in efficacy between the two therapeutic regimens at any stage during the trial. The frequency of reported side-effects was significantly greater ( P < 0.001) when patients received 30 mg/day cyclobenzaprine (26 patients, 84%) than when they received 10 mg/day (10 patients, 27%). A dose of 10 mg cyclobenzaprine at bedtime significantly improved the symptomatology of patients affected by primary fibromyalgia syndrome. The higher dose did not further reduce these symptoms but did result in a higher incidence of side-effects.

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A Comparative Evaluation of Oral Decongestants in the Treatment of Vasomotor Rhinitis

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/030006057800600110 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 56-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Thorvald Löfkvist ◽

Gunnar Svensson

Keyword(s):

Crossover Study ◽

Comparative Evaluation ◽

Vasomotor Rhinitis ◽

Double Blind ◽

Nasal Blockage ◽

Anticholinergic Activity ◽

Blind Crossover Study ◽

Double Blind Crossover Study

In a seven-week double-blind crossover study, Disofrol® (dexbrompheniramine maleate + d-isoephedrine sulphate) was compared with Lunerin® (brompheniramine + 2-amino-1-phenylpropanol-(1)-hydrochloride) and with placebo in the treatment of vasomotor rhinitis in thirty-one patients. From the patients' evaluations on diary cards Disofrol reduced the symptom running nose to a higher degree than Lunerin, an effect possibly ascribable to a greater anticholinergic activity. Both preparations had equal ability to relieve nasal blockage and both combinations were found to be more effective than placebo.

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A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Crossover Study to Assess a Unique Phytosterol Ester Formulation in Lowering LDL Cholesterol Utilizing a Novel Virtual Tracking Tool

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11092108 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 2108 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ashley Reaver ◽

Susan Hewlings ◽

Kenneth Westerman ◽

Gil Blander ◽

Thorsten Schmeller ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crossover Study ◽

Cardiovascular Health ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Double Blind ◽

Signed Rank ◽

The Impact ◽

Blind Crossover Study ◽

Double Blind Crossover Study

Elevated blood concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) is a primary risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease. Lifestyle interventions including an increase in dietary phytosterols as well as medications have proven effective in lowering LDLc. The primary objective of this randomized, placebo controlled, double blind, crossover study was to determine the impact of a new phytosterol emulsion for dietary supplements (1.5 g/day phytosterol equivalents) on LDLc concentrations. Thirty-two healthy adults were randomly assigned to receive placebo or treatment followed by a washout period, followed by placebo or treatment, each phase lasting one month. Secondary endpoints related to cardiovascular health were also assessed. Study management, including screening, recruitment, monitoring, compliance, and data collection, were done remotely (a siteless clinical trial) utilizing a novel virtual tool. Phytosterol supplementation significantly lowered LDLc concentrations by 10.2% (16.17 mg/dL or 0.419 mmol/L, p = 0.008 by paired t-test, p = 0.014 by Wilcoxon signed rank testing). No secondary biomarkers were found to change significantly. Supplementation with phytosterols in a new dietary supplement formulation efficiently and safely decreases LDLc within one month in a free-living setting.

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Inhibition of Spontaneous Platelet Aggregation by Sulfinpyrazone

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1666900 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 42 (02) ◽

pp. 621-625 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G G Nenci ◽

G Agnelli ◽

M Berrettini ◽

P Parise ◽

E Ballatori

Keyword(s):

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Crossover Study ◽

Double Blind ◽

Platelet Aggregability ◽

Initiation Of Therapy ◽

Spontaneous Platelet Aggregation ◽

Blind Crossover Study ◽

Double Blind Crossover Study

SummaryIn a randomized double-blind crossover study in 16 patients with enhanced in vitro spontaneous platelet aggregation, sulfinpyrazone proved to be effective in normalizing platelet aggregability within 4 days after initiation of therapy.

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