Grain yield and technological quality of dual-purpose wheats with additional late nitrogen fertilization

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization and aerial part cuts on yield components, grain yield and quality of the grains for dual-purpose wheat cultivars. The experiment was carried out between May and November 2007 and the experimental design was randomized complete blocks with three replications. The main causes of variation were dual-purpose wheat cultivars (BRS Figueira, BRS Umbu, BRS Guatambu and BRS Tarumã), nitrogen doses (0, 45, 90, 135 and 180 kg ha-1) and cut systems. Each plot was subdivided by cut management (without cut, one cut and two cuts). Spike mass, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spikelet, grain yield and hectoliter weight were evaluated. Nitrogen fertilization did not affect the performance of wheat genotypes, but there was interaction between the management systems and the cultivars. The shorter-cycle cultivars (Figueira and Umbu) presented greater grain yield than the others when they were not cut. As quality and yield fell when Figueira and Umbu were cut, the later cultivars (Tarumã and Guatambu) are more adapted to cut (grazing). The lack of an effect from nitrogen dose and application strategy on the variables studied was influenced by the ecological conditions prevailing during the experimental period.

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The effect of sulphur and nitrogen fertilization on grain yield and technological quality of spring wheat

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/18/2016-pse ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 62 (No. 5) ◽

pp. 230-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

H. Klikocka ◽

M. Cybulska ◽

B. Barczak ◽

B. Narolski ◽

B. Szostak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Technological Quality

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Effect of late-season nitrogen fertilization on grain yield and on flour rheological quality and stability in common wheat, under different production situations

Italian Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.4081/ija.2016.745 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 107 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Massimo Blandino ◽

Federico Marinaccio ◽

Amedeo Reyneri

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Common Wheat ◽

Storage Proteins ◽

Foliar Application ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

N Application ◽

Late Season ◽

Technological Quality

The increasing demand for a high and homogeneous technological quality of common wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) points out the necessity of improving wheat with by a higher protein (GPC) and gluten content, strength of dough (W) and dough stability. Among the current crop practices, late-season nitrogen (N) fertilization, from heading to flowering, is generally considered the practice that has the most effects on the storage proteins and technological quality of the grain. In order to explore the influence late-season N application can have on the dough properties and on the formation of homogeneous lots in more detail, a research was set up between 2007 and 2013, over 6 growing seasons at different sites in North West Italy using the Bologna cultivar in each of the trials. Three different late-season N fertilization strategies were compared: T1, control without a late distribution of N; T2, foliar N fertilization at flowering; T3, top-dress granular soil fertilization at the beginning of heading. A randomized complete block experimental design with four replicates was adopted. The grain yield, GPC, W and P/L indexes were analyzed. Moreover, the rheological and enzymatic properties of the samples were studied using a Mixolab® analyser (Chòpin Technologies, Paris, France). Grain yield was found to be unaffected by the fertilization treatments, while the late N application (T2, T3) significantly increased GPC. Only the granular N fertilization (T3) increased the W index compared to T1, while the P/L index was not affected by any of the fertilization strategies. Furthermore, the T3 strategy was always more effective in reducing the variability of the W index than the T2 and the T1 strategies. Water absorption and dough development time were higher in T3, than in T1, while intermediate results were reached for T2. The effect of late-season N fertilization was also significant on the starch behaviour of the dough, as an increase in starch gelatinization and retrogradation was observed. In short, the top-dress granular N fertilizer applied at the beginning of heading (T3) led to a more constant increase in GPC and flour rheological quality than the foliar application. Moreover, the adoption of this fertilization strategy resulted in a reduction in qualitative variability under different environmental and soil conditions.

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Effect of nitrogen and zinc on yield, protein content and quality of wheat in Egypt

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600027805 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 87 (2) ◽

pp. 451-454 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. A. M. Youssef ◽

A. Y. Abdel-Rahman

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Protein Content ◽

Plant Height ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Spike Length ◽

Weight Protein ◽

Linear Manner

SummaryGrain yield, plant height, spike length, grain weight per spike, 100-kernel weight, protein quantity and quality of Mexipak wheat grown with four rates of applied nitrogen (0, 75, 150 and 225 kg N/ha) and five rates of applied zinc (0, 1·25, 2·5, 5·0 and 7·5 kg Zn/ha) were measured. All these attributes were affected significantly by nitrogen fertilization in a linear manner. Differences among rates of applied zinc were significant for grain weight per spike, 100-kernel weight, grain yield and protein quantity and quality.

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Yield and technological quality of sugarcane under irrigation depths and nitrogen fertilization

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n7p482-489 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (7) ◽

pp. 482-489

Author(s):

Marcos F. de Mendoça ◽

José Dantas Neto ◽

Patrícia F. da Silva ◽

Emídio C. A. de Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Sugar Yield ◽

Crop Evapotranspiration ◽

Irrigation Depth ◽

Technological Quality ◽

Stalk Yield

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the stalk yield, sugar yield and technological quality of two varieties of sugarcane under different irrigation depths and nitrogen doses. The experiment was conducted in two consecutive years (2015 and 2016) at Olho D’Água Farm, in Itambé, Pernambuco, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks in the split-split-strip-plot scheme, with four replicates. Treatments consisted of four irrigation depths (L1 = 12, L2 = 45, L3 = 100 and L4 = 125% of the crop evapotranspiration - ETc, plant cane) and (L1 = 10, L2 = 40, L3 = 100 and L4 = 125% ETc, ratoon cane), four doses of nitrogen (N1 = 0, N2 = 50, N3 = 100 and N4 = 200 kg ha-1 of N) and two varieties of sugarcane (RB92579 and RB002754). Sugarcane plants irrigated with the highest depths of 1,324.06 and 1,242.3 mm in the plant cane and ratoon cane cycles respectively produced 38.40 and 49.14 t of stalks ha-1 and 0.48 and 1.82 t of sugar ha-1 more, compared to those irrigated with the lowest depths of 124.06 and 99.4 mm. The highest stalk yield was obtained with the combination of 120.7 kg ha-1 of N and 1266.6 mm of irrigation depth. Sugarcane technological quality is positively correlated with the increase of the irrigation depth in the plant cane and ratoon cane cycles and negatively correlated with nitrogen.

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Nitrate Reductase Activity, Productivity and Technological Quality of Sugarcane Under Molybdenum and Nitrogen Fertilization

Sugar Tech ◽

10.1007/s12355-021-01026-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Renato Lemos dos Santos ◽

Diego Moura de Andrade Oliveira ◽

Raul Vitor de Souza Santos ◽

Maria José Alves de Moura ◽

Victor Hugo de Farias Guedes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrate Reductase ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Nitrate Reductase Activity ◽

Reductase Activity ◽

Technological Quality

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Influence of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on grain yield and some baking quality characteristics of spring wheat

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.23986/afsci.71845 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 47 (3) ◽

pp. 166-180

Author(s):

Paavo Elonen ◽

Sirkka-Liisa Rinne ◽

Hilkka Suomela

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Protein Content ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Quality Characteristics ◽

Falling Number ◽

Grain Yields ◽

Baking Quality ◽

Additional Nitrogen

In the years 1967—70 twelve irrigation experiments of spring wheat were carried out in southern Finland (60-62° N, 22-26° E). Sprinkler irrigation (2 X 30 mm) increased the grain yields on an average by 1240±470kg/ha (from 2740 to 3980 kg) or 45±17 %. The increases in yield were significant on clay soils (9 trials) and loam (1 trial) but insignificant on fines and (1 trial) and mould (1 trial). Additional nitrogen fertilization (from 76 to 143kg/ha N) increased the grain yields on an average by 350± 200 kg/ha or 11±6 %. The ripening of wheat was significantly promoted by irrigation in one year but slightly retarded in three years. Nitrogen fertilization slightly retarded ripening every year The falling number of grains tended to be slightly improved by irrigation (from 285 to 321, on an average), but in most trials irrigation and nitrogen fertilization had no significant influence on the falling number. Irrigation decreased the crude protein content of grains in all trials, on an average by 2.2 ± 0.7 %-units (from 16.3 to 14.1%). This unfavourable effect was, however, avoided with additional nitrogen which increased the protein content by 1.9±0.4%-units (from 14,3 to 16.2 %). The effects of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on those characteristics of wheat that are correlated with protein, were similar to the effects on the protein content. Thus, irrigation decreased the zeleny value (from 64 to 53 ml), cold viscosity (from 214 to 114 seconds), water absorption (from 66.5 to 64.9 %) and the valorimeter value (from 68 to 60), while these characteristics were improved by nitrogen fertilization. Irrigation did not decrease the Pelshenke value but increased significantly the ratio of the Pelshenke value/protein content (from 5,1 to 6.1). This indicates that the quality of protein was improved by irrigation, while the effect of nitrogen fertilization was the reverse. In fact, irrigation and additional nitrogen fertilization affected the quantity and quality of protein and the baking quality characteristics of wheat in opposite directions but the quantity of grain yield in the same direction. With these two methods combined it was possible to produce 60 % higher grain yields without any noteworthy changes in the baking quality characteristics of spring wheat.

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Influence of extracurricular fertilization on growth, development, quality indicators and grain yield of winter wheat

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202128403012 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 284 ◽

pp. 03012

Author(s):

Bakhrom Azizov ◽

Shavkat Djabborov ◽

Saodat Asatova ◽

Nodira Kuchkorova

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Humus Content ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Grain Formation ◽

Rate Of Absorption ◽

Technological Quality ◽

Growth Development

In recent years, the increase in grain yield under irrigated conditions has led to a decrease in technological quality of grain. The main reason for this is the lack of nitrogen during the grain formation in wheat on gray soils with low humus content. Under irrigated conditions, one of the most urgent tasks is to increase the grain yield of winter wheat and improve technological quality. According to the results of scientific research, today winter wheat absorbs 50-55% of nitrogen fertilizers, 20-22% of phosphorus fertilizers and 55-60% of potassium fertilizers. Some of the nitrogen fertilizers not assimilated by the plant are released into the air in the ammonia state, while some are washed into the groundwater in the nitrite and nitrate state. This situation has a negative impact on the environment. This condition is prevented when the leaf orchids are fed, as well as the rate of absorption of phosphorus by the plant increases sharply.

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Technological Quality of Dual-purpose Wheat Submitted to Successive Defoliations

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v12n1p95 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 95

Author(s):

Giselle R. Rodolfo ◽

Clovis A. Souza ◽

Luiz C. Gutkoski ◽

Deivid L. V. Stefen

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Grain Production ◽

Falling Number ◽

Dual Purpose ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Technological Quality ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Cutting Height

Defoliation may interfere in the sink-source relationship and influence grain production and the respective technological quality of wheat flour, particularly in cultivars with potential as forage and in subsequent grain production. This study aimed to determine the effects of plant cutting heights and number of cuttings on the technological wheat flour quality of BRS Umbu and BRS Tarumã cultivars. A completely randomized design with four repetitions was used and treatments consisted of a combination of cutting heights (20 and 30 cm) and number of cuttings (no cutting, 1, 2 and 3 cuttings), resulting in the following treatments: 20/1, 20/2, 20/3 30/1, 30/2, 30/3 and controls with no cuttings. Hectoliter weight, grain crude protein, tenacity: extensibility ratio, gluten strength, falling number and wet gluten were measured. Regardless of the cutting height used, and after defoliation, the variables exhibited higher values than in non-defoliated plants, with protein content increasing by 6 and 11.3% for the BRS Tarumã and BRS Umbu cultivars, respectively. As such, it can be inferred that defoliation does not negatively affect the technological quality of wheat flour grown in a dual-purpose system.

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Field estimate with NDVI of grain yield and quality of wheat flour

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n12p801-806 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (12) ◽

pp. 801-806

Author(s):

João P. K. Reznick ◽

Volnei Pauletti ◽

Gabriel Barth

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Optical Sensors ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Field Conditions ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Technological Quality ◽

Grain Yield And Quality

ABSTRACT Nitrogen fertilization is essential for wheat yield and quality but needs more accuracy, and the use of proximal optical sensors in the field can assist in this goal. This study aimed to verify if it is possible to use the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) obtained throughout the wheat growth phase to estimate the grain yield and the technological quality of the flour from cultivars submitted to nitrogen doses. The experiment was conducted at field conditions in Ponta Grossa, PR, Southern Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 4 × 6 factorial scheme with four replicates. The cultivars Quartzo, Gralha Azul, Sinuelo, and Toruk, combined with six doses of N (0, 40, 80, 120, 160, and 200 kg ha-1 of N), were evaluated. The NDVI values were sensitive to both nitrogen doses and the different cultivars. There was a relationship between NDVI and grain yield, protein, and gluten concentration of flour. The NDVI estimated the gluten strength, stability, tenacity, extensibility of the mass, and tenacity/extensibility ratio of the flour obtained at the beginning of the cycle, but not for all cultivars. The determinations of NDVI with active optical sensor GreenSeeker in wheat are efficient to estimate the grain yield and the flour quality under field conditions, allowing to generate models for estimation of these variables separately for each cultivar.

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