Public Order, Mandatory Rules and Evasion of Law

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Cai
Keyword(s):  
Public Order ◽  
Mandatory Rules ◽  
Evasion Of Law

scholarly journals Application of Foreign Law in Economic Disputes and Implementation of National Interests

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 02007
Author(s):  
N.V. Deltsova ◽  
U.A. Dorofeeva ◽  
M.N. Zubkova ◽  
M.A. Tokmakov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Foreign Law ◽  
Mandatory Rules

In the context of globalization, the question of protecting one's own national interests is becoming more acute for the state on whose territory foreign law and order is applied. The application of foreign legislation in economic disputes creates various problems and raises questions related to the establishment of the content of foreign law, which must be resolved in the context of Theoretical understanding and law enforcement practice. This study is aimed at identifying the risks of uncertainty in the application of foreign law to relations involving a foreign element in the Russian legal reality and finding ways to overcome them taking into account national interests. Special attention is paid to consideration of the Institute of non-use (limitations) of foreign law is presented in the form of rules on the application of the mandatory rules of the forum (lex fori), the reservation of public order (order public), and eliminating the use of foreign law in case of conflict.

Evasion of Law and Mandatory Rules in Private International Law

1990 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Fawcett
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Private International Law ◽  
Underlying Theory ◽  
Mandatory Rules ◽  
English Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
Evasion Of Law

It has often been asserted that English private international law has no doctrine of evasion of the law. It is true that English law has never developed a general doctrine, like the French one of fraude a la hi, to deal with cases of evasion. Nonetheless, evasion of the law has been recognised as a problem in at least some areas of private international law, and an increasing number of specific anti-evasion measures have been introduced in response to this. The English approach towards evasion is a pragmatic one rather than being based on any broad underlying theory. In particular, the fundamental questions have not been addressed of what is wrong with evasion of the law and how it can be dealt with most effectively. The purpose of this article is to examine the present law on evasion, determine what is wrong with evasion of the law and put forward proposals for a principled approach to deal with the problem.

Analysis of Characteristics of Halogen and LED Automobile Lamps

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Olga Yu. Kovalenko ◽  
Yulia A. Zhuravlyova
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Flip Chip ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Luminous Flux ◽  
Luminous Efficacy ◽  
Colour Temperature ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Mandatory Rules ◽  
Halogen Lamps

This work contains analysis of characteristics of automobile lamps by Philips, KOITO, ETI flip chip LEDs, Osram, General Electric (GE), Gtinthebox, OSLAMPledbulbs with H1, H4, H7, H11 caps: luminous flux, luminous efficacy, correlated colour temperature. Characteristics of the studied samples are analysed before the operation of the lamps. The analysis of the calculation results allows us to make a conclusion that the values of correlated colour temperature of halogen lamps are close to the parameters declared by manufacturers. The analysis of the study results has shown that, based on actual values of correlated colour temperature, it is not advisable to use LED lamps in unfavourable weather conditions (such as rain, fog, snow). The results of the study demonstrate that there is a slight dispersion of actual values of luminous flux of halogen lamps by different manufacturers. Maximum variation between values of luminous flux of different lamps does not exceed 14 %. The analysis of the measurement results has shown that actual values of luminous flux of all halogen lamps comply with the mandatory rules specified in the UN/ECE Regulation No. 37 and luminous flux of LED lamps exceeds maximum allowable value by more than 8 %. Luminous efficacy of LED lamps is higher than that of halogen lamps: more than 82 lm/W and lower power consumption. The results of the measurements have shown that power consumption of a LED automobile lamp is lower than that of similar halogen lamps by 3 times and their luminous efficacy is higher by 5 times.

PERJANJIAN PERKAWINAN; ASAS KESEIMBANGAN DALAM PERKAWINAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Puji Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Public Order ◽  
General Rules ◽  
Husband And Wife

A marriage agreement is an agreement between a prospective husband and wife to regulate matters that are mutually agreed upon especially regarding assets in their marriage, provided that they do not conflict with law, decency and public order, and pay attention to general rules relating to the prohibition of the contents of the marriage agreement. This is in accordance with the principle of balance that we can find in the legislation.

Preparation of Far Eastern Internal Affairs Agencies for Action under the Conditions of the Special Period in 1970-1972

2018 ◽  
pp. 463-474
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Z. Dorokhov ◽  
◽  
Vladimir V. Sinichenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Far East ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Special Period ◽  
Radio Broadcasting ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
Council Of Ministers ◽  
Far Eastern

Drawing on unique documents that have not yet been introduced into scientific use, the article reviews the activities of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs in training its agencies for probable border war with China. A series of events was conducted by Shchelokov, Minister of the Internal Affairs of the USSR, in order to strengthen the regional internal affairs agencies. It included introduction of a list of ‘advanced alert,’ ‘special period,’ and ‘covert mobilization’ signals, accompanied by a list of mandatory positions. The article focuses on the work of internal affairs agencies in the Far East border areas and the Khabarovsk special secondary school of militia of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR in particular, all of which hurried to fine-tune public order and state security maintenance, evacuation of the population and the internal affairs bodies in case of onset of the Special Period. Significantly, the Khabarovsk special secondary school of militia of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR was to become not just a base for accelerated training of officers, but also a military reserve in case of enemy assault. It also was to enforce public order in case of mass riots. The manpower strength of the school allowed to form a battalion of 3 rifle companies. The author underscores that all measures implemented by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR were carried out in close cooperation with the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR and its regional agencies. Training for Special Period was multifaceted, it included propaganda support via mass media, control over radio-broadcasting in the territories bordering China, camouflage of installations at the expense of the forest fund, mobilization by rail and road transport, etc.

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