The role of 3D-CFD simulation in optimizing pre-emergency responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Nugrahanto Widagdo, MSc, MBA ◽  
Teguh Cahyono, MSc
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Response Team ◽  
Emergency Preparedness And Response

Consequences of an incident resulted from the release of hazards shall be mitigated to limit the undesirable effects. Emergency preparedness and response should address the duration and severity of the events and also prevent escalation. Therefore, emergency response plans are prepared, along with other related procedures, which are commonly called as preemergency responses. These plans or procedures are quick guidance used by the response team to handle emergency cases especially when it deals with critical equipment or condition. Each plan or case must involve related protection equipment available on site along with sequence for emergency command and hazard analysis.Common analysis provides only the highest magnitude of case or event (worst case scenario), therefore,this information could drive sequential preventive/mitigative actions which require significantly huge company resources to be deployed. To improve efficiency and effectiveness of this strategy, a review of consequence analysis using computational fluid dynamics approach is proposed. Several advantages of using this method are high quality presentation and visualization of phenomenon, ability to provide result monitoring over the period of time, and capacity to use several parameters on the analysis which were not available using the standard approach. Furthermore, this approach can enrich the information contained on the plans/procedures and enhance the quality of the plan representation to match with the actual scenarios. Hence by upgrading this pre-emergency response plans and procedures, it is expected that the emergency preparedness measures will be more comprehensively assessed and ready to provide best and optimum responses in emergencies.

The Impact of Teen Community Emergency Response Team Training

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Mark Patrick Ryan
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
School Students ◽  
Response Team ◽  
Emergency Preparedness And Response ◽  
The Impact

A study of 481 high school students who completed Teen Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) training using the Federal Emergency Management Agency CERT curriculum was conducted over a five-year period, with the objective of identifying the impacts of that training. Through both quantitative and qualitative data collection, the researcher found that a highly engaging emergency response curriculum has multiple positive impacts on teens completing the course. Those impacts include explicit knowledge and skills of emergency preparedness and response, college and career goal orientation enhancement, as well as enhancement to self-efficacy, self-confidence, self-esteem, and self-concept. Replicating such curricula and comprehensive training program at other secondary schools could have a very positive impact on the emergency preparedness and response capacity of communities where it is implemented.

The Role of the Physician at a Medical Disaster: Hospital Emergency Response Teams

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 128-132
Author(s):  
Eric Alcouloumre ◽  
Davis Rasumoff
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
Hospital Emergency ◽  
Medical Response ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Response Team ◽  
Emergency Medical Personnel ◽  
Emergency Medical Response

The Hospital Emergency Response Team concept, as outlined here and in the Multi-Casualty Incident Operational Procedures of the California Fire Chiefs Association, is the result of a consensus effort by all EMS interest groups in Los Angeles. It is an effective way to utilize the skills of emergency medical personnel at the scene of a disaster. The role of the physician is an important one, and this concept was specifically designed to maximize the benefit to be derived from having a physician at the scene. It is important, however, that physicians recognize their limitations; a medical degree does not automatically confer “mystic abilities”in the area of disaster management. The role of the physician should include pre-disaster planning and at-scene patient management responsibilities as a member or leader of a pre-designated hospital-based emergency medical response team.

South Africa at a Turning Point?

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elke Zuern
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
State Collapse ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
South Africans ◽  
Nelson Mandela ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electricity Provision

South Africa is at a crossroads. The state has not adequately addressed dire human development needs, often failing to provide the services it constitutionally guarantees. As a result, citizens are expressing their frustrations in a variety of ways, at times including violence. These serious challenges are most readily apparent in poverty, inequality and unemployment statistics, but also in electricity provision, billing and affordability as well as a recent spate of racially motivated attacks which highlight the tension both among South Africans and between South Africans and darker skinned foreigners. The country has, however, been on the brink before and avoided the worst-case scenario of full-scale civil war and state collapse. Far too often South Africa's past successes have been attributed to the role of one man, Nelson Mandela. While Mandela was indeed an extraordinary human being who rightly deserved the international awards and accolades as well as the deep admiration of so many, South Africa's triumphs as a society and a state are the product of both cooperative and conflicting contributions by a wide range of actors. A central question at the present juncture is how well equipped domestic actors and institutions are to address the crisis. The following pages seek to provide some insights and through the perspectives of three authors to consider causes and possible responses.

Emergency Preparedness

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D Hurd ◽  
Stephenie Lukas ◽  
Ardis Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Rapid Responses ◽  
The Us ◽  
National Response

Pharmacists, and pharmacy students, normally have a limited exposure to the principles and structures of emergency management necessary to help coordinate effective and rapid responses. However, pharmacists’ work in disaster preparedness has taken many focuses. Community pharmacists develop emergency preparedness manuals, organize health-system pharmacy teams to respond to terrorism attacks, and identify essential actions for effective emergency response. This chapter focuses on the US health care system and emergency preparedness within its borders, starting with basic terminology and concepts and then moving onto the key components of U.S. National Response Frameworks and the role of pharmacists in the Frameworks and larger emergency preparedness and planning efforts.

scholarly journals INTERNAL STATE (MUNICIPAL) FINANCIAL CONTROL IN THE CONTEXT OF THE FORMATION OF THE INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE

2018 ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
U. Yu. Roshchektaeva ◽  
S. A. Roshchektaev
Keyword(s):  
Large Range ◽  
Internal State ◽  
Institutional Structure ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Global Financial System

Аt present, the issues of the formation of the institutional structure of financial security are among the strategic priorities of state policy, which indicates the consensus achieved in the society on the significant role of Russia in the global financial system. One of the priority activities of the Russian state is to optimize the structure of public authorities in order to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their activities. Particular attention in this process is given to the reform of the system of state financial control. In the modern economy there is a large range of problems and inaccuracies in the legislative regulation of financial control by public authorities. This situation leads to a significant reduction in the quality of the effectiveness of financial control by public authorities. In this regard, there is a need to study and clarify the role, function and place of bodies exercising state (municipal) control in the institutional structure, determine the importance of the participation of such bodies in the process of rational use of budgetary funds, in the formation and justification of methods and methodology for monitoring the effectiveness of planning and spending of budgetary funds, as well as measures to prevent violations of legislation in the budgetary sphere.

scholarly journals Nuclear and radiological emergency management and preparedness

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Federico Rocchi ◽  
Isabelle Devol-Brown ◽  
Wolfgang Raskob
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Fukushima Accident ◽  
Radiological Emergency ◽  
Emergency Responders ◽  
Fast Estimation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
General Recommendation ◽  
Emergency Preparedness And Response ◽  
Estimation Of Time

Recent EURATOM research efforts on Emergency Preparedness and Response (EP&R) have been focussed on programs addressing some main knowledge gaps clearly identified in the outcomes of investigations carried out in Europe in response to the Fukushima accident. The PREPARE and FASTNET projects tried to solve similar problems adopting very complementary and synergic approaches. The main achievements of both projects are detailed in this paper. In particular, the problem of the fast estimation of time-dependent, long-lasting Source Terms is discussed. This problem is not only a technical one, but is also related to the experience and skill of the code users. As the EP&R is spanning a wide range in Europe, certainly far beyond the borders of individual states, it is mandatory creating a common and shared understanding of emergencies. Both PREPARE and FASTNET recognized the fundamental role of exercises to increase the experience of emergency responders in Europe. A general recommendation can then be formulated, in that more efforts should be dedicated in the future to the realization of such important exercises.

Benchmarking emergency preparedness and response practices in the process industry

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nir Keren ◽  
Harry H. West ◽  
M. Sam Mannan
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Response ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Chemical Plant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Process Industry ◽  
Process Safety ◽  
Loss Of Control ◽  
Emergency Event ◽  
Emergency Preparedness And Response

Process safety of a chemical plant encompasses several layers of protection. Control measures, shutdown systems, release absorption, accumulation of releases by dikes, and protection by barriers are layers of protection that are intended to prevent the development of an event. Emergency response is the next line of defense to control an event or, in case of loss of control, to minimize the consequences. However, a reliable response to an emergency event requires planning. This paper presents results of a benchmarking study of practices of emergency preparedness and response of 15 facilities in the process industry.

The role of translators and interpreters in cascading crises and disasters

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-156
Author(s):  
David E. Alexander ◽  
Gianluca Pescaroli
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Information Strategies ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Emergency Preparedness And Response

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explain the significance of cascading crises for translators and interpreters, and how their work may be affected by such events. It provides a theoretical basis for analysis and field practice. Design/methodology/approach The authors define cascades and explain how they influence the development of preparedness, mitigation and response. The authors identify key drivers of cascading crises and discuss how they challenge conventional approaches to emergency management. The authors discuss ways in which use of language could be a key factor in crisis escalation. The authors define priorities and operational challenges of cascading crises for translators and interpreters. In terms of methodology, this paper develops a conceptual framework that can be used for future enquiry and case history analysis. Findings The authors provide a qualitative description and synthesis of the key instructions to be used in the field. The authors offer a short list of key questions that can be referred to by linguists and scholars. The authors identify situations in which translation and interpretation are important ingredients in the success of emergency preparedness and response efforts. These include multilingual populations, migrant crises, international humanitarian deployment and emergency communication during infrastructure failures. Research limitations/implications This work has academic value for the process of understanding cascades and practical relevance in terms of how to deal with them. Practical implications Translators and interpreters need to understand cascading crises in order to be prepared for the challenges that such events will present. Social implications Society has become more complex and interconnected, with non-linear cascading escalation of secondary emergencies. Emergency planners and responders need to address this in new ways. Effective communication and information strategies are essential to the mitigation of cascading disaster risk. Originality/value The study of cascading crises from a socio-economic point of view is relatively new, but it is important because society is increasingly dependent on networks that can propagate failure of information supply.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document