scholarly journals Is preoperative calcium and vitamin D supplementation effective in prevention of postoperative hypocalcaemia in thyroidectomised patients?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Grzegory ◽  
Lech Pomorski ◽  
Konrad Pagacz ◽  
Karol Sieniawski ◽  
Krzysztof Kaczka
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Total Thyroidectomy ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Oral Supplementation ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Group A ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Group B

IntroductionHypocalcaemia remains the most common postoperative complication after total thyroidectomy. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of routine preoperative oral calcium and vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of hypocalcaemia after total thyroidectomy.Material and methodsOne hundred fifty-three consecutive patients with nontoxic multinodular goitre were randomly assigned to routinely receive (group B) or not to receive (group A) calcium carbonate (3 g/d) and alfacalcidol (1 µg/d) on the day before surgery and calcium carbonate (1 g/d) and alfacalcidol (1 µg/d) taken once in the morning on the day of operation. Their preoperative 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels, hypocalcemic symptoms, serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels were determined 6 and 24 hour postoperatively and 6 weeks after surgery.ResultsSymptomatic hypocalcaemia was observed in 41/153(26.79%) patients. The incidence of symptomatic hypocalcaemia was significantly lower in the supplemented group than in the group not receiving supplementation: 10 of 77 participants (12.99%) versus 31 of 76 patients (40.79%) (p<0.05). The rates of laboratory and severe hypocalcaemia (corrected calcium <2.0 mmol/l) were 67.11% and 28.95% in group A and 50.65% and 9.09% in group B, respectively (p=0.04, p<0.05). There were no significant differences between groups A and B in corrected calcium levels after surgery and postoperative decreases in corrected calcium levels (p=0.06). 112(73.20%) participants had 25-OHD<20 ng/ml. Vitamin D levels did not influence corrected calcium level changes (p=0.98).ConclusionsOral supplementation of calcium and alfacalcidol may help in the prevention of postthyroidectomy hypocalcaemia. Vitamin D deficiency was widespread among operated patients.

scholarly journals Advancing the Understanding of Vitamin D Status in Post-Thyroidectomy Hypocalcemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Gurdeep Singh ◽  
Fatima Irshaidat ◽  
Christopher Lau ◽  
Ariel Pedoeem ◽  
Christine Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Total Thyroidectomy ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Group A ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Group B

Background. Post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia is the most common complication after total thyroidectomy. Studies to examine the role of low vitamin D in increasing post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia incidence have produced varying results. This study aimed to assess whether vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia. Methods. This retrospective study involved 244 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy between 2014 and 2019. Patients were divided into two groups based on pre-operative vitamin D levels. Group A and Group B had pre-operative vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) levels of ≥20 ng/ml and <20 ng/ml (reference range for vitamin D is 30–100 ng/dl). The effect of vitamin D, gender, body mass index (BMI), and ethnicity on post-operative calcium and PTH levels was analyzed. Results. Post-operative calcium levels for Group A were not statistically different compared to Group B (8.52 ± 0.64 mg/dl vs. 8.45 ± 0.58 mg/dl (mean ± S.D.; p value = 0.352). The average post-operative PTH of the two groups did not differ significantly (Group A: 32.4 ± 27.5 pg/ml; Group B: 34.4 ± 41.7 pg/ml; p value = 0.761). Conclusion. Pre-operative vitamin D levels are not predictive of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia.

scholarly journals Effect of vitamin D supplementation, directly or via breast milk for term infants, on serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D and related biochemistry, and propensity to infection: a randomised placebo-controlled trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
David D. Chandy ◽  
Jahnavi Kare ◽  
Shakal N. Singh ◽  
Anjoo Agarwal ◽  
Vinita Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Elevated Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Group A ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Group B

AbstractWe assessed the effect of vitamin D supplementation on related biochemistry, infection and dentition of the infant. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted in Lucknow, India (latitude 26°N), 230 mother –newborn pairs were randomised to receive, for 9 months, 3000µg/month oral vitamin D3 by the mother (group A) or 10µg/d by the infant (group B) or double placebo (group C). All babies received 15 min of sun exposure (unclothed) during massage. Infants’ median 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was lower in group C (median 45·3; interquartile range (IQR) 22–59·5 nmol/l) than in groups A (median 60·8; IQR 41·3–80·5 nmol/l (P<0·01)) and B (median 61·3; IQR 41·3–75·3 nmol/l (P<0·05)) at 3·5 months. Infant 25(OH)D correlated negatively with infant parathyroid hormone (r −0·46, P<0·01). Elevated alkaline phosphatase (>7.5µkat/l) was significantly more frequent in group C babies (16 %) than in group A (4 %) or group B (0 %) babies. The number of days with respiratory or diarrhoeal infection by 9 months of age was higher in group C (median 46·5; IQR 14·8–73·3 d) than in group A (median 18·5; IQR 8·8–31·0 d (P<0·01)) or group B (median 13·0; IQR 7·0–28·5 (P<0·05)). We conclude that monthly maternal or daily infant supplementation with vitamin D along with sun exposure is superior to sun exposure alone in maintaining normal infant 25(OH)D at 3·5 months, and provide protection from elevated alkaline phosphatase and infectious morbidity.

25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels in serum at the onset of multiple sclerosis

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Soilu-Hänninen ◽  
L Airas ◽  
I Mononen ◽  
A Heikkilä ◽  
M Viljanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Normal Bone ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Lower Vitamin

Past sun exposure and vitamin D supplementation have been associated with a reduction in the risk of MS. We measured the serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) at the time of MS diagnosis in 40 MS patients and 40 controls. We found no difference in the serum levels of 25(OH)D between MS patients and controls when all samples or samples obtained during winter months were compared, but MS patients had significantly lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations in June to September than the controls. The vitamin D stores were adequate for bone metabolism (> 37 nmol/L) in 70% of MS patients throughout the year and within the hypovitaminosis level (< 37 nmol/L) in 30% of MS patients at some time of the year. During MS-relapses, 25(OH)D levels were lower than in remission, but mostly within the reference range observed in relation with normal bone metabolism. We conclude that the vitamin D stores in most MS patients are adequate for their normal bone metabolism. However, lower vitamin D levels during MS relapses than in remission suggest that vitamin D could be involved in the regulation of the clinical disease activity of MS. The optimal serum levels of vitamin D for the regulation of immune responses remain to be determined.

Vitamin D Dosing Strategies Among Jordanians With Hypovitaminosis D

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahla Khawaja ◽  
Mohammed Liswi ◽  
Mohammed El-Khateeb ◽  
Dana Hyassat ◽  
Dalila Bajawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Dosing Strategies ◽  
Optimal Maintenance ◽  
Group A ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Objective: To compare between weekly and daily cholecalciferol in patients with hypovitaminosis D and to determine the optimal maintenance dose. Methods: Seventy-one volunteers with hypovitaminosis D were randomly assigned to 2 dose regimens: cholecalciferol 50 000 IU weekly for 8 weeks, then 50 000 IU monthly for 2 months (group A) and 7000 IU daily for 8 weeks, then 12 500 IU weekly for 2 months (group B). Cholecalciferol was stopped for 2 months and reintroduced as 50 000 IU bimonthly for group A and 50 000 IU monthly for group B. Results: Two months after therapy, the mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level increased from 11.4 to 51.2 ng/mL and from 11.7 to 44.9 ng/mL in groups A and B, respectively ( P = .065). The levels of 25(OH)D declined similarly in both groups during maintenance and after holding therapy. After resuming cholecalciferol, 25(OH)D levels increased to 33.8 and 28.8 ng/mL in groups A and B, respectively ( P = .027). There was a negative correlation between serum 25(OH)D levels and body mass index (BMI; P = .040). Conclusion: Timing and frequency of the dosing (daily vs weekly) have no effect on the rise in serum 25(OH)D levels as long as the accumulative dose of cholecalciferol is similar. Cholecalciferol 50 000 IU bimonthly is required to maintain sufficient 25(OH)D levels.

scholarly journals Fall in Vitamin D Levels during Hospitalization in Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devi Dayal ◽  
Suresh Kumar ◽  
Naresh Sachdeva ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Meenu Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Plasma levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] were measured by competitive Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) in 92 children (67 boys, 25 girls) aged 3 months to 12 years at admission to hospital (timepoint 1, T1) and at discharge (timepoint 2, T2). There was a significant fall in the mean 25(OH)D from T1 (71.87 ± 27.25 nmol/L) to T2 (49.03 ± 22.25 nmol/L) (mean change = 22.84 nmol/L,Pvalue = 0.0004). Proportion of patients having VDD (levels <50 nmol/L) at admission (25%, 23/92) increased significantly at the time of discharge (51.09%, 47/92) (P=0.0004). There was a trend towards longer duration of hospital stay, requirement of ventilation and inotropes, development of healthcare-associated infection, and mortality in vitamin D deficient as compared to nondeficient patients though the difference was statistically insignificant. In conclusion, vitamin D levels fall significantly and should be monitored during hospital stay in children. Large clinical studies are needed to prospectively evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation in vitamin D deficient hospitalized children on various disease outcome parameters.

Correlation between vitamin D levels and hard-to-heal wounds: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (Sup7) ◽  
pp. S24-S30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Smith ◽  
Susan Hewlings
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Venous Ulcers ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Hard-to-heal wounds are a major biological, psychological, social and financial burden on both individual patients and the broader health system. They are associated with a variety of comorbidities and have a complex aetiology, but are typically associated with nutritional deficiencies, such as low vitamin D levels. This systematic literature review evaluates the current research regarding the connection between inadequate vitamin D status and wound healing. Method: PubMed and EBSCO databases were searched following PRISMA guidelines for primary research studies relating to pressure ulcers, diabetic ulcers or venous ulcers and vitamin D status. Results: A total of 10 studies, involving 2359 participants, met the inclusion criteria. There was a strong correlation between low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the presence of all three types of hard-to-heal wounds. Conclusion: Research suggests a correlation between low vitamin D levels and hard-to-heal wounds. However, it is not clear if the relationship is causal or only correlational. There is also emerging evidence on the use of vitamin D supplementation for the treatment of hard-to-heal wounds. More research is needed to understand the correlation between vitamin D and hard-to-heal wounds.

scholarly journals 25-Hydroxyvitamin D supplementation and health-service utilization for upper respiratory tract infection in young children

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1816-1824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A Omand ◽  
Teresa To ◽  
Deborah L O’Connor ◽  
Patricia C Parkin ◽  
Catherine S Birken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Health Service Utilization ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Upper Respiratory

AbstractObjectiveUpper respiratory tract infections (URTI) are the most common and costly condition of childhood. Low vitamin D levels have been hypothesized as a risk factor for URTI. The primary objective was to determine if serum vitamin D levels were associated with health-service utilization (HSU) for URTI including hospital admission, emergency department visits and outpatient sick visits. The secondary objectives were to determine whether oral vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy or childhood was associated with HSU for URTI.DesignCohort study. HSU was determined by linking each child’s provincial health insurance number to health administrative databases. Multivariable quasi Poisson regression was used to evaluate the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D, vitamin D supplementation and HSU for URTI.SettingToronto, Canada.SubjectsChildren participating in the TARGet Kids! network between 2008 and 2013.ResultsHealthy children aged 0–5 years (n 4962) were included; 52 % were male and mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 84 nmol/l (range 11–355 nmol/l). There were 105 (2 %), 721 (15 %) and 3218 (65 %) children with at least one hospital admission, emergency department visit or outpatient sick visit for URTI, respectively. There were no statistically significant associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D or vitamin D supplementation and HSU for URTI.ConclusionsA clinically meaningful association between vitamin D (continuously and dichotomized at <50 and <75 nmol/l) and HSU for URTI was not identified. While vitamin D may have other benefits for health, reducing HSU for URTI does not appear to be one of them.

scholarly journals The relative contributions of obesity, vitamin D, leptin, and adiponectin to multiple sclerosis risk: A Mendelian randomization mediation analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 135245852199548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Harroud ◽  
Despoina Manousaki ◽  
Guillaume Butler-Laporte ◽  
Ruth E Mitchell ◽  
George Davey Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Background: Obesity is associated with increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS); however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Objective: To determine the extent to which decreased vitamin D bioavailability and altered levels of adiponectin and leptin mediate the association between obesity and MS. Methods: We performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to estimate the effects on MS of body mass index (BMI), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), adiponectin, and leptin levels in a cohort of 14,802 MS cases and 26,703 controls. We then estimated the proportion of the effect of obesity on MS explained by these potential mediators. Results: Genetic predisposition to higher BMI was associated with increased MS risk (odds ratio (OR) = 1.33 per standard deviation (SD), 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.09–1.63), while higher 25OHD levels reduced odds of MS (OR = 0.72 per SD, 95% CI = 0.60–0.87). In contrast, we observed no effect of adiponectin or leptin. In MR mediation analysis, 5.2% of the association between BMI and MS was attributed to obesity lowering 25OHD levels (95% CI = 0.3%–31.0%). Conclusions: This study found that a minority of the increased risk of MS conferred by obesity is mediated by lowered vitamin D levels, while leptin and adiponectin had no effect. Consequently, vitamin D supplementation would only modestly reverse the effect of obesity on MS.

scholarly journals A phase I study of oral vitamin D3 supplementation in boys with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Van Haren ◽  
Kristen Cunanan ◽  
Avni Awani ◽  
Meng Gu ◽  
Dalia Pena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Phase I Study ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Dosing Regimen ◽  
Oral Vitamin ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Objective: Vitamin D status has been linked to risk of inflammatory brain lesions. We sought to assess the safety and pharmacokinetics of oral vitamin D dosing regimens in boys with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD). Methods: In this open-label, multi-center, phase I study, we enrolled 21 ALD males without brain lesions, aged 1.5 to 25 years to oral vitamin D supplementation for 12 months. Our primary outcome was attainment of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in target range (40-80ng/ml) at 6 and 12 months. Secondary outcomes included safety and glutathione levels in brain and blood. Participants were initially assigned to a fixed dosing regimen starting at 2,000 IU daily, regardless of weight. Following a mid-study safety assessment, we modified the dosing regimen so all subsequent participants were assigned to a weight-stratified dosing regimen starting as low as 1,000 IU daily. Results: Between October 2016 and June 2019, we recruited 21 participants (n=12 fixed dose; n=9 weight-stratified) with a median age and weight of 6.7 years and 20 kilograms. Most participants achieved target plasma vitamin D levels at 6 and 12 months regardless of dosing regimen. In the fixed dose regimen, 6 of 12 participants had asymptomatic elevation in urine calcium:creatinine or plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D; no laboratory deviations occurred with the weight-stratified regimen. Glutathione levels increased between baseline and 12 months in the brain but not in the blood. Conclusions: Our weight-stratified vitamin D dosing regimen was well-tolerated and achieved target 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in most participants. Brain glutathione levels increased over the 12-month trial period. Classification of Evidence: This study provides Class II evidence that a weight-stratified dosing regimen of vitamin D supplementation is safe, well-tolerated, and effective at achieving moderately high vitamin D levels in boys with ALD.

OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF PREGNANCY VITAMIN D STATUS AND RISK OF PREECLAMPSIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Manaswita Samanta ◽  
Shweta Pathak ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Risk Of Preeclampsia

Introduction:Low vitamin D status, among other risk factors, is linked to the development of preeclampsia. Systematic reviews and metaanalyses have concluded that low serum vitamin D levels (25-hydroxyvitamin D [25OHD]) in pregnancy are associated with a higher risk of preeclampsia and suggest a preventive role of vitamin D supplementation. Aim:To examine the association between maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration in early pregnancy and the subsequent diagnosis of preeclampsia. Material and methods:This prospective case control study was carried out at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of medicine and JNM Hospital, Kalyani, Nadia. Duration of the study was one and half year study period from March 2018-August 2019. Total 100 cases attending regular antenatal OPD was included provided they full the inclusion criteria. Result:It was found that in preeclampsia, 4(66.7%) patients had Vitamin-D Deciency and 2(33.3%) patients had Insufciency Vitamin-D. Association of Vitamin-D vs. preeclampsia was not statistically signicant (p=0.3135). It was found that in preeclampsia, 6(100.0%) patients had no Previous Eclampsia. Association of Previous Eclampsia vs. preeclampsia was not statistically signicant (p=0.6991965055). Conclusion:We concluded that maternal vitamin D deciency may be an independent risk factor for preeclampsia. Vitamin D supplementation in early pregnancy should be explored for preventing preeclampsia.

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