scholarly journals Meerdere banen: noodzaak of uitdaging?

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rien Huiskamp ◽  
Jos Sanders ◽  
Seth van den Bossche
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
International Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Flexible Work ◽  
Market Position ◽  
Stepping Stone ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Hours

Multiple jobs, necessity or challenge?Summary Multiple jobs, necessity or challenge?Summary In 2007 7% of the employees in the Netherlands have more than one paid job. This percentage has been increasing over the past decade. We feel that employees with a second job should be included in debates on flexible work. In international research two hypotheses have been developed to explain the second jobs phenomenon: the ‘hours constraint’ hypothesis and the ‘heterogeneous jobs’ hypothesis. In this article we use data from the Netherlands Working Conditions Survey 2007 (NWCS) to test these hypotheses.The first hypothesis, the hours constraint hypothesis, is partly confirmed for Dutch employees. The heterogeneous jobs hypothesis is fully rejected. Having more than one job is therefore considered more a necessity than a challenge. However, a lack of suitable data on second and third jobs might be one of the reasons for the rejection of the heterogeneous jobs hypothesis.For future research we suggest collecting and analyzing data on employees’ second jobs in order to find out what factors influence employees choice for a second job. Also we suggest analyzing whether or not taking up a second job is a way for employees to improve their general labor market position or a stepping stone for entrepreneurship.

scholarly journals Recognition and Work in the Platform Economy: a Normative Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Visser ◽  
Thomas C. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recognition Theory ◽  
Normative Reconstruction ◽  
Human Side ◽  
Platform Economy

AbstractThe rise of the platform economy in the past two decades (and neoliberal capitalist expansion and crises more in general), have on the whole negatively affected working conditions, leading to growing concerns about the “human side” of organizations. To address these concerns, the purpose of this paper is to apply Axel Honneth’s recognition theory and method of normative reconstruction to working conditions in the platform economy. The paper concludes that the ways in which platform organizations function constitutes a normative paradox, promising flexibility and autonomy while at the same time creating working conditions that undercut these promises. The paper ends with a critical discussion of Honneth’s approach, possible supplementing ideas and further lines of future research.

Ex-Offender Employment, Recidivism, and Manpower Policy: CETA, TJTC, and Future Initiatives

1984 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Jacobs ◽  
Richard McGahey ◽  
Robert Minion
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Market Position ◽  
The Past ◽  
Manpower Policy ◽  
Labor Market Policies ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Tax Deductions ◽  
Employment Programs ◽  
High Level

Over the past several decades, there have been many programs to reduce the continuing high level of ex-offender unemployment. These policies were often part of broader federal efforts to improve the labor market position of the disadvantaged. However, these traditional labor market policies have had disappointing outcomes, leading to dissatisfaction and skepticism about programs to alleviate ex-offender unemployment. This article reviews federal ex-offender employment initiatives with particular attention to the Targeted Jobs Tax Credit (TJTC), a program providing employers with tax deductions for hiring ex-offenders. Our analysis indicates that this credit (like other employment programs for ex-offenders) has had marginal impact at best. We suggest reasons why this is so, focusing on the specific problems of employing ex-offenders, and the general weaknesses of targeted employment strategies that rely on tax incentives. We conclude with some speculations about possible new directions for ex-offender employment programs.

By Any Other Name: Discrimination in Resume Screening

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Derous ◽  
Ann Marie Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Ethnic Discrimination ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Market Position ◽  
Hiring Discrimination ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Discrimination Hypothesis ◽  
Resume Screening

This chapter discusses perspectives and empirical findings on ethnic discrimination during the resume screening phase. First, the labor market position of ethnic minorities is discussed and two prominent hypotheses on the disadvantaged labor market position of ethnic minorities are presented, namely the human capital versus hiring discrimination hypothesis. Second, several theoretical perspectives are discussed that illustrate why resume screening might be vulnerable to biased decision making. Third, we turn our attention to influences on hiring discrimination that reside in the applicant, the job/organization, and recruiter. Finally, this chapter ends with a critical reflection on some practical recommendations (such as anonymous resume screening) and future research directions on hiring discrimination during resume screening, including new technologies such as video resumes.

Immigrant Selectivity Effects on Health, Labor Market, and Educational Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 315-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Feliciano
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Immigrant Labor ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Theoretical Overview

Over the past two decades, a growing body of research has focused on immigrant selectivity and its effects on immigrant health, immigrant labor market outcomes, and children of immigrants’ educational outcomes. This review provides a theoretical overview of immigrant selectivity and its effects, and critically examines research on the effects of immigrant selectivity. Existing research suggests that positive immigrant selectivity helps explain paradoxical patterns of success among immigrants and their children in health, the labor market, and education. However, future research is needed that uses more rigorous research designs and measures, links immigrant selectivity and outcomes across domains, identifies the mechanisms through which immigrant selectivity matters, and considers different types of immigrant selectivity. I conclude by highlighting promising new studies along these lines and argue that immigrant selectivity is a central part of the process through which immigration contributes to inequality.

Citizenship and Labor Market Position: Turkish Immigrants in Germany and the Netherlands

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Euwals ◽  
Jaco Dagevos ◽  
Mérove Gijsberts ◽  
Hans Roodenburg
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Market Position ◽  
Turkish Immigrants

International Research and Variation in Views of Ethnicity

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Ella Inglebret ◽  
Amy Skinder-Meredith ◽  
Shana Bailey ◽  
Carla Jones ◽  
Ashley France
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Classification System ◽  
International Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
The Past ◽  
International Scale ◽  
Publication Patterns

The authors in this article first identify the extent to which research articles published in three American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) journals included participants, age birth to 18 years, from international backgrounds (i.e., residence outside of the United States), and go on to describe associated publication patterns over the past 12 years. These patterns then provide a context for examining variation in the conceptualization of ethnicity on an international scale. Further, the authors examine terminology and categories used by 11 countries where research participants resided. Each country uses a unique classification system. Thus, it can be expected that descriptions of the ethnic characteristics of international participants involved in research published in ASHA journal articles will widely vary.

Current state and main directions of preservation and strengthening of health of the working population of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 527-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Bukhtiyarov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The Past ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article presents the results of the analysis of health, working conditions and prevalence of adverse production factors, the structure of the detected occupational pathology in the working population of the Russian Federation. The article presents Statistical data on the dynamics of the share of workplaces of industrial enterprises that do not meet hygienic standards, occupational morbidity in 2015-2018 for the main groups of adverse factors of the production environment and the labor process. The indicators of occupational morbidity over the past 6 years in the context of the main types of economic activity, individual subjects of the Russian Federation, classes of working conditions, levels of specialized occupational health care. The role of the research Institute of occupational pathology and occupational pathology centers in solving organizational, methodological and practical tasks for the detection, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of occupational diseases is shown. The basic directions of activity in the field of preservation and strengthening of health of workers, and also safety at a workplace are defined.

Old-growth forest reserves in Slovenia: the past, present, and future

2012 ◽  
Vol 163 (6) ◽  
pp. 240-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Nagel ◽  
Jurij Diaci ◽  
Dusan Rozenbergar ◽  
Tihomir Rugani ◽  
Dejan Firm
Keyword(s):  
Stand Structure ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Forest Reserves ◽  
The Past ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Basic Characteristics

Old-growth forest reserves in Slovenia: the past, present, and future Slovenia has a small number of old-growth forest remnants, as well as many forest reserves approaching old-growth conditions. In this paper, we describe some of the basic characteristics of these old-growth remnants and the history of their protection in Slovenia. We then trace the long-term development of research in these old-growth remnants, with a focus on methodological changes. We also review some of the recent findings from old-growth research in Slovenia and discuss future research needs. The conceptual understanding of how these forests work has slowly evolved, from thinking of them in terms of stable systems to more dynamic and unpredictable ones due to the influence of natural disturbances and indirect human influences. In accordance with this thinking, the methods used to study old-growth forests have changed from descriptions of stand structure to studies that address natural processes and ecosystem functions.

Chinese Medicine Protein and Peptide in Gene and Cell Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinlu Feng ◽  
Zifei Yin ◽  
Daniel Zhang ◽  
Arun Srivastava ◽  
Chen Ling
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Gene And Cell Therapy ◽  
Proteins And Peptides

The success of gene and cell therapy in clinic during the past two decades as well as our expanding ability to manipulate these biomaterials are leading to new therapeutic options for a wide range of inherited and acquired diseases. Combining conventional therapies with this emerging field is a promising strategy to treat those previously-thought untreatable diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has evolved for thousands of years in China and still plays an important role in human health. As part of the active ingredients of TCM, proteins and peptides have attracted long-term enthusiasm of researchers. More recently, they have been utilized in gene and cell therapy, resulting in promising novel strategies to treat both cancer and non-cancer diseases. This manuscript presents a critical review on this field, accompanied with perspectives on the challenges and new directions for future research in this emerging frontier.

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