Gedragsveranderend overheidsbeleid

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baukje Stinesen ◽  
Reint Jan Renes
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Change Policy ◽  
Psychological Influences ◽  
Change Framework ◽  
Societal Problems

Government behaviour change policy: a case study to explore how social psychological influences may mediate effects Government behaviour change policy: a case study to explore how social psychological influences may mediate effects Government behaviour change policies often build on the assumption that citizens make decisions rationally. In practice however many social psychological processes subconsciously influence behaviour. These subconscious influences, which in this study are referred to as ‘intermediary factors’, may mediate the effects of behaviour change policies. A policy and behaviour change framework is introduced, based on which is explored to what extent government behaviour change policies take into account such subconscious influences. Document research and interviews were conducted to identify how policy instruments were used to tackle three specific societal problems (concerning respectively health, mobility and finances), and to gain insight in the way intermediary factors could have affected effectiveness. Two types of such effects were identified: (1) subconscious influences (e.g. social norms) may undermine government practices to change behaviour and (2) government practices to change behaviour themselves may indirectly bring about undesirable subconscious processes (e.g. resistance) that affect behaviour.

Accommodating the elderly: Invoking and extending a theory

1988 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolas Coupland ◽  
Justine Coupland ◽  
Howard Giles ◽  
Karen Henwood
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Schematic Model ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Interpretive Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Language Strategies ◽  
Accommodation Theory

ABSTRACTThe article begins by exploring briefly the role of the elderly in sociolinguistic theory and research. After an outline of the parameters of speech accommodation theory together with a new schematic model, it is argued that speech accommodation theory is a profitable framework for elucidating the sociolinguistic mechanics of, and the social psychological processes underlying, intergenerational encounters. A recent conceptual foray in this direction, which highlights young-to-elderly language strategies, is then overviewed with some illustrations. Contrastive data from a case study are then introduced, a discourse analysis of which allows us to conceptualize various elderly-to-young language strategies. This interpretive analysis suggests important avenues for extending speech accommodation theory itself. A revised, more sociolinguistically elaborated version of this framework is then presented which highlights strategies beyond those of convergence, maintenance, and divergence and leads to the conceptualization of over- and underaccommodation. Finally, and on the basis of the foregoing, a new model of intergenerational communication is proposed and Ryan et al.'s (1986) “communicative predicament” framework duly revised. (Accommodation theory, elderly, overaccommodation, case studies, discourse management, stereotypes, underaccommodation, interdisciplinary)

Integrating Grassroots Perspectives and Women’s Human Rights

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldine Moane
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Based Education ◽  
Irish Context ◽  
Women’S Human Rights ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Women's Human Rights

This chapter considers how social psychological perspectives from feminist and liberation psychologies can enhance understandings of human rights activism, using three examples from the Irish context: abortion, poverty, and sexual orientation. The gap between institutional/state structures and grassroots community groups is apparent from the case of abortion and the use of the human rights framework in an Irish context. Possibilities for bridging this gap and for expanded understandings of human rights are considered. Firstly, Links are made between women’s human rights and structures of oppression through examples from community-based education with women living in impoverished communities. Secondly, A case study of community activism involving women from a deprived community demonstrates how a micro-level or bottom-up understanding of social change can be integrated with human rights. Thirdly, The example of LGBT women points to the need to expand individualistic concepts of personhood that underpin human rights to include relational and collective psychological processes.

scholarly journals Micropolitics of Public Space: On the Contested Limits of Citizenship as a Locational Practice

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Di Masso
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Political Order ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
The Public ◽  
Space Dynamics ◽  
Ultimate Purpose

This article provides a social-psychological account of how public space dynamics may be consequential for the daily construction of citizenship. The article is organised around three interrelated ideas that are illustrated by a case study. First, it is argued that certain social-psychological processes that are typically involved in the construction of citizenship can be re-conceptualised as place-based processes that are located in public space. This interest in the ‘locational’ construction of citizenship implies focusing on membership, belonging, status, rights, entitlements and recognition as emplaced practices rather than as dislocated entities. The second idea relates to the troubled nature of citizenship as a place-related psychological category whose boundaries are hotly contested whenever disputes about controversial behaviour in public spaces surface. Accordingly, ‘the citizen’ is constantly re-shaped as everyday place-discourses and territorial practices in the public domain unfold in problematic ways. Finally, it is argued that such ‘locational’ constructions and enactments of citizenship in public space are usually framed by broader ideological dilemmas that are relevant to the maintenance and change of a given socio-political order. The ultimate purpose of the article is to demonstrate the potential for public space to become a possible site for grounding a social psychology of citizenship.

Does Enhancing Mind Perception Affect Conspiracy Belief?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Noguera
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Social Discourse ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
Mind Perception ◽  
Mixed Anova ◽  
Interaction Term ◽  
The Mind

This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of a novel mind perception manipulation. Mind perception is currently theorized to be an essential aspect of a number of human social psychological processes. Thus, a successful manipulation would allow for the causal study of those processes. This manipulation was created in an attempt to explore the downstream impact of mind perception on the endorsement of conspiracy theories. Conspiracy theories are steadily becoming more and more prominent in social discourse. Endorsement of conspiracy theories are beginning to show real world ramifications such as a danger to human health (e.g., in the anti-vaccination movement). A sample of college students (valid N = 53) from a large rural institution in the southeastern United States participated for course credit. These participants completed a mind perception pretest, were randomly assigned to either the manipulation in question (in which participants are asked to consider the ‘mind’ of several targets and write their thoughts about them) or the control condition, and then they completed a posttest. The mixed ANOVA revealed that the interaction term between Time and Condition was not significant. Because the manipulation did not work, other analyses were aborted, in accord with the pre-registration. My Discussion focuses on the procedures and potential shortcomings of this manipulation, in an effort to lay the groundwork for a successful one.

Exploring normative perceptions and misperceptions of private, environmentally impactful behaviours

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Gallagher ◽  
Bas Verplanken ◽  
Ian Walker
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Normative Influence ◽  
Change Mechanism ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Classical Studies ◽  
Referent Group

Social norms have been shown to be an effective behaviour change mechanism across diverse behaviours, demonstrated from classical studies to more recent behaviour change research. Much of this research has focused on environmentally impactful actions. Social norms are typically utilised for behaviour change in social contexts, which facilitates the important element of the behaviour being visible to the referent group. This ensures that behaviours can be learned through observation and that deviations from the acceptable behaviour can be easily sanctioned or approved by the referent group. There has been little focus on how effective social norms are in private or non-social contexts, despite a multitude of environmentally impactful behaviours occurring in the home, for example. The current study took the novel approach to explore if private behaviours are important in the context of normative influence, and if the lack of a referent groups results in inaccurate normative perceptions and misguided behaviours. Findings demonstrated variance in normative perceptions of private behaviours, and that these misperceptions may influence behaviour. These behaviours are deemed to be more environmentally harmful, and respondents are less comfortable with these behaviours being visible to others, than non-private behaviours. The research reveals the importance of focusing on private behaviours, which have been largely overlooked in the normative influence literature.

Perspectives on the Situation

2018 ◽  
pp. 66-96
Author(s):  
Harry T. Reis ◽  
John G. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
The Impact

This chapter reviews major theoretical positions on the influence of situations for the understanding of both personality and social–psychological processes. We review the history and current status of this topic, and we describe in some detail two recent theories that seem particularly amenable toward resolving the disparate approaches that this distinction often engenders. Broadly considered, our position is that personality and situations must be considered interacting factors, but in a theoretically specific way. The concept of affordance—that situations provide opportunities for the expression of certain personality traits—is central to our analysis. We also discuss several issues that personality and social psychologists might profitably consider to provide better grounding for theories and research about the impact of situations on behavior.

Language—AND—Social Psychology: Epilogue

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
Jake Harwood ◽  
Karen Tracy
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
Psychological Processes ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
40Th Anniversary ◽  
Key Terms

This Epilogue discusses the papers in the Special Issue ( JLSP 40th Anniversary) in terms of the broader field of language and social psychology. It reflects on the key terms (“language” and “social psychology”) in terms of how they intersect and the relative emphasis on each in work published in JLSP. We also present an argument for increasing the consideration of context in language and social psychology research, and we distinguish between a desire to generalize versus universalize our knowledge about language and social psychological processes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document