An updated checklist of marine copepoda from Peninsular Malaysia with notes on their functional traits and distributional records

An up-to-date checklist of marine zooplankton copepods from the water of Peninsular Malaysia is presented, there are 235 species of copepods which consists of 89 genera and 44 families. Extensive list of bibliographical references with synonymy, detailed information on their functional groups, and distributional data are provided for each species. The checklist is based on taxonomic and ecological literature until 28 May 2020. Calanoida recorded the most diverse order with 101 species in total, followed by Harpacticoida with 70 species and 61 species from Cyclopoida. As for Canuelloida, Monstrilloida and Siphonostomatoida all recorded with 1 species respectively. There are 192 species of copepod recorded along the west coast (Malacca Strait) and 123 species on the east coast (South China Sea). Endemicity at species level attains 1% for the whole Peninsular Malaysian coast, with 2 genera restricted to the east coast (Kensakia parva and Brachiella malayensis) and one genus to the west coast (Labidocera jaafari). There are six dominant species that can be found along the coast of Peninsular Malaysia (Acartia erythraea, Acartia pacifica, Bestiolina similis, Euterpina acutifrons, Microsetella norvegica, Paracalanus aculeatus, Oithona nana, Oithona simplex and Temora discaudata).

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Variability of rainfall in Peninsular Malaysia

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/hessd-6-5471-2009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 5471-5503 ◽

Cited By ~ 82

Author(s):

C. L. Wong ◽

R. Venneker ◽

S. Uhlenbrook ◽

A. B. M. Jamil ◽

Y. Zhou

Keyword(s):

Spatial Variation ◽

Annual Cycle ◽

West Coast ◽

East Coast ◽

Rainfall Variability ◽

Peninsular Malaysia ◽

Monthly Rainfall ◽

Northeast Monsoon ◽

The West ◽

Coast Region

Abstract. This study analyzed and quantified the spatial patterns and time-variability of rainfall in Peninsular Malaysia on monthly, yearly and monsoon temporal scales. We first obtained an overview of rainfall patterns through the analysis of 16 point data sources. The results led to choosing three distinct regions, i.e.~the east coast, inland and west coast regions. For detailed analysis, Shepard's interpolation scheme was applied to the station data to produce daily rainfall fields on a 0.05 degree resolution grids for the period 1971–2006. The rainfall characteristics in time and space derived from a frequency analysis were found to be distinctly different in these three regions. In the east coast region, monthly rainfall shows a significant periodicity dominated by an annual cycle, followed by a half-year cycle. The inland and west coast regions show that the dominant periodic fluctuations in the monthly rainfall are dominated by a half-year cycle, followed by an annual cycle. The long-term rainfall variability analysis shows that the dry and wet conditions in Peninsular Malaysia are not primarily governed by the ENSO events. The results from the individual regions suggest that although the relative variability is influenced by ENSO, local and regional conditions have an effect on the interannual rainfall variability, which is superimposed on the large-scale weather conditions. A significant increasing trends in annual rainfall (9.3 mm/year) and northeast monsoon rainfall (6.2 mm/monsoon) were only detected in the west coast region. No trend was found in the monthly rainfall, except for November in the west coast region. The spatial variation analysis shows that the east coast region, which received substantially higher amounts of rainfall during the northeast monsoon, has lower spatial rainfall variability and a more uniform rainfall distribution than other regions. A larger range for the monthly spatial variation was observed in the west coast region.

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VARIATION OF CHART DATUM TOWARDS MARITIME DELIMITATION DUE TO RISING SEA LEVEL

ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w5-73-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol XLII-4/W5 ◽

pp. 73-80

Author(s):

A. R. M. Faizuddin ◽

M. M. Razali

Keyword(s):

Sea Level ◽

West Coast ◽

East Coast ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Peninsular Malaysia ◽

The West ◽

Mean Sea Level ◽

Base Points ◽

Rising Sea Level

The importance of Chart Datum in hydrographic surveying is inarguable because its determination is part of the process to obtain the actual depth of bathymetry. The Chart Datum has a relationship with the determination of base points because any uncertainty of the base points would definitely cause uncertainty to the determination of the maritime baseline. If there is any doubt on the baselines, it will then cause doubt on the maritime zones as well which includes the equidistant line that forms the border between the two countries. However, due to the ongoing rising sea level, there has been some variations of the Chart Datum in some areas in Malaysia. This research discusses about the variation of Mean Sea Level and Chart Datum for the tide gauge stations at Geting, Cendering, Sedili and Tioman at East Coast and Kukup, Langkawi, Lumut and Penang at the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The tidal analysis was carried out by using the 23 years of data beginning at 1993 to 2015. The observed tidal data for 23 years were processed and analysed by using GeoTide software. In this research, the Harmonic Analysis technique was used in order to calculate the values of Mean Sea Level and the Chart Datum while the slope of the shoreline is modelled by using Global Mapper. The linear trend of the Mean Sea Level and the Chart Datum was analysed to determine the increase of the annual sea level in millimetres accuracy and also to determine the variation of the Chart Datum for each tidal station and its impact towards maritime baseline. The result has shown that the linear trend of sea level rise varies from 24 millimetres per year up to 168 millimetres per year at the East Coast and 24 millimetres per year up to 96 millimetres per year at the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. As for the maritime baseline, results has indicated that there exist shifting in the horizontal which are varies from 1.564 metres per year to 3.299 metres per year at the East Coast and from 1.331 metres per year up to 5.857 metres per year at the West Cost of Peninsular Malaysia. From the analysis, it can be stated that the horizontal shift occur greater at the East Coast rather than at the West Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. As a conclusion, the sea level rise does have significant impact towards maritime baseline. Furthermore, the determination of a stable Chart Datum is important to define the maritime baseline in other to avoid conflict with other neighbouring countries.

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INVENTORY AND DISTRIBUTION OF MOLLUSC IN CORAL REEF OF BACAN ISLAND WATERS, NORTH MALUKU PROVINCE

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis ◽

10.28930/jitkt.v9i1.17941 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 265

Author(s):

Hendrik A.W. Cappenberg

Keyword(s):

Coral Reef ◽

West Coast ◽

Reef Flat ◽

East Coast ◽

Resource Assessment ◽

Species Level ◽

Marine Biodiversity ◽

The West ◽

Important Species ◽

The Family

Bacan Island waters of North Maluku Province consisted of three main tropical ecosystems, namely mangrove, seagrass, and coral reef with the highest marine biodiversity. Mollusc is a group of marine fauna that most of them associated with coral reef. However, little is known about their information in the Bacan Island due to lack of study conducted there. The purpose of this study is to observe the diversity and distribution of mollusc fauna in the coral reef flat of Bacan Island. Mollusc inventory was done using Rapid Reef Resource Assessment (RRA) method by snorkling in the reefs of east coast (25 sites) and west coast (10 sites) of Bacan Island. The molluscs found were directly identified into species level and recorded. Results of inventory show that there are 47 species belong to 19 families with the family of Muricidae is the highest diversity (6 species), while the lowest are Buccinidae, Bursidae, Haliotidae, Olividae, Cardiidae, Isognomonidae and Spondylidae, respectively with only 1 species in each of those families. The highest species number of mollusc was distributed along the east coast of the island (40 species), and the lowest one was in the west coast (37 species). Some species such as Tridacna spp., Pinctada margaritifera and Pteria penguin are important species, because they have economical values. Keywords: biodiversity, molluscs, coral reef, Bacan Island, North Maluku

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ENSO and Wintertime Extreme Precipitation Events over the Contiguous United States

Journal of Climate ◽

10.1175/2007jcli1705.1 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 22-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Siegfried D. Schubert ◽

Yehui Chang ◽

Max J. Suarez ◽

Philip J. Pegion

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

West Coast ◽

Extreme Precipitation ◽

East Coast ◽

Daily Precipitation ◽

Precipitation Variability ◽

The West ◽

Extreme Precipitation Events ◽

The Impact ◽

Precipitation Events

Abstract In this study the authors examine the impact of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on precipitation events over the continental United States using 49 winters (1949/50–1997/98) of daily precipitation observations and NCEP–NCAR reanalyses. The results are compared with those from an ensemble of nine atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) simulations forced with observed SST for the same time period. Empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) of the daily precipitation fields together with compositing techniques are used to identify and characterize the weather systems that dominate the winter precipitation variability. The time series of the principal components (PCs) associated with the leading EOFs are analyzed using generalized extreme value (GEV) distributions to quantify the impact of ENSO on the intensity of extreme precipitation events. The six leading EOFs of the observations are associated with major winter storm systems and account for more than 50% of the daily precipitation variability along the West Coast and over much of the eastern part of the country. Two of the leading EOFs (designated GC for Gulf Coast and EC for East Coast) together represent cyclones that develop in the Gulf of Mexico and occasionally move and/or redevelop along the East Coast producing large amounts of precipitation over much of the southern and eastern United States. Three of the leading EOFs represent storms that hit different sections of the West Coast (designated SW for Southwest coast, WC for the central West Coast, and NW for northwest coast), while another represents storms that affect the Midwest (designated by MW). The winter maxima of several of the leading PCs are significantly impacted by ENSO such that extreme GC, EC, and SW storms that occur on average only once every 20 years (20-yr storms) would occur on average in half that time under sustained El Niño conditions. In contrast, under La Niña conditions, 20-yr GC and EC storms would occur on average about once in 30 years, while there is little impact of La Niña on the intensity of the SW storms. The leading EOFs from the model simulations and their connections to ENSO are for the most part quite realistic. The model, in particular, does very well in simulating the impact of ENSO on the intensity of EC and GC storms. The main model discrepancies are the lack of SW storms and an overall underestimate of the daily precipitation variance.

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Description of a new species of Marphysa Quatrefages, 1865 (Polychaeta: Eunicidae) from the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and comparisons with species from Marphysa Group A from the Indo-West Pacific and Indian Ocean

Memoirs of Museum Victoria ◽

10.24199/j.mmv.2014.71.11 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 71 ◽

pp. 109-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Izwandy Idris ◽

Pat Hutchings ◽

Aziz Arshad

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Indian Ocean ◽

West Coast ◽

Peninsular Malaysia ◽

The West ◽

West Pacific ◽

Group A ◽

A New Species

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RESEARCH ON PREMATURE INFANTS—SOME PERSPECTIVES

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.32.3.319 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 319-325

Author(s):

S. Z. LEVINE

Keyword(s):

Clinical Research ◽

Premature Infants ◽

West Coast ◽

East Coast ◽

Good Friend ◽

The West ◽

Clinical Research Center ◽

Principle Investigator ◽

Long Time ◽

The Many

THERE ARE A number of reasons why I appreciate deeply your invitation to join in these dedication exercises of the Clinical Research Center for Premature Infants. This Center for the care and study of premature infants extends to the West Coast a field of study in which I, on the East Coast, have been interested for many years. Equally gratifying is the circumstance that it will have Dr. Norman Kretchmer, my long-time colleague and good friend, as its Principle Investigator; and Dr. Sumner Yaffe, his distinguished associate, as its first Program Director. Under their direction and with a team of competent workers, with splendid facilities and an adequate budget, we are assured of imaginative exploration and new approaches to the many unknowns still awaiting solution.

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Quantitative seismicity maps of India

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America ◽

10.1785/bssa0620051119 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 62 (5) ◽

pp. 1119-1132 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

K. L. Kaila ◽

V. K. Gaur ◽

Hari Narain

Keyword(s):

Return Period ◽

West Coast ◽

Active Zone ◽

East Coast ◽

Indian Subcontinent ◽

B Value ◽

Tibet Plateau ◽

The West ◽

Period Map ◽

A Value

Abstract Using the Kaila and Narain (1971) method, three quantitative seismicity maps have been prepared for the Indian subcontinent which are compared with regional tectonics. These are the A-value map, the b-value map and the return-period map for earthquakes with magnitude 6 and above where A and b are the constants in the cumulative regression curve represented by log N = A - bM. The A-value seismicity map shows that India can be divided into two broad seismic zones, the northern seismically highly active zone and the southern moderately active zone. In the northern active zone, a number of seismic highs have been delineated such as the Pamir high, the northwest-southeast trending Srinagar-Almora high, the Shillong massif high, the Arakan Yoma high and the West Pakistan highs. These seismic highs are consistent with the Himalayan tectonic trends. Contrary to this, two seismic highs fall in the Tibet plateau region which align transversely to the main Himalayan trend. In the southern moderately active zone, two seismic highs are clearly discernible, the east and the west coast high, the latter being seismically more active than the former. The least active zone encompasses the Vindhyan syncline and the areas of Delhi and Aravalli folding. Between this zone and the east coast high lies another moderately active zone which encloses the Godavari graben, western part of the Mahanadi graben and the Chattisgarh depression. The b-value seismicity map also demarcates the same active zones as are brought out on the A-value map. The return-period map of India for earthquakes with magnitude 6 and above shows a minimum return period of 100 years in the Pamirs, about 130 years in the various seismic highs in the northern active zone, 180 years on the west coast high, 200 years on the east coast high and about 230 years in the least active Vindhyan-Aravalli zone and the Hyderabad-Kurnool area. These quantitative seismicity maps are also compared with the seismic zoning map of Indian Standards Institution and seismicity maps of India prepared by other workers.

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The I-4 Corridor

Florida and the 2016 Election of Donald J. Trump ◽

10.5744/florida/9780813056234.003.0005 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 76-108

Author(s):

Susan A. MacManus ◽

David J. Bonanza ◽

Anthony A. Cilluffo

Keyword(s):

West Coast ◽

Political Geography ◽

East Coast ◽

The West ◽

Rural Counties

This chapter examines the critical political geography of Florida—the 130-mile expanse from Tampa on the west coast to Daytona Beach on the east coast known as the I-4 corridor.This mix of urban, suburban, and rural counties usually decides elections in Florida.

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A Recent History of 14C, 137Cs, 210Pb, and 241Am Accumulation at Two Irish Peat Bog Sites: an East Versus West Coast Comparison

Radiocarbon ◽

10.1017/s0033822200041175 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 43 (2B) ◽

pp. 517-525 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

D Gallagher ◽

E J McGee ◽

P I Mitchell

Keyword(s):

West Coast ◽

East Coast ◽

Similar Sequence ◽

The West ◽

Nuclear Weapons Testing ◽

History Of ◽

The Difference ◽

The Uk ◽

Ombrotrophic Peat ◽

Coast Site

Data on radiocarbon (14C), 137Cs, 210Pb, and 241Am levels in an ombrotrophic peat sequence from a montane site on the east coast of Ireland are compared with data from a similar sequence at an Atlantic peatland site on the west coast. The 14C profiles from the west and east coasts show a broadly similar pattern. Levels increase from 100 pMC or less in the deepest horizons examined, to peak values at the west and east coast sites of 117 ± 0.6 pMC and 132 ± 0.7 pMC, respectively (corresponding to maximal fallout from nuclear weapons testing around 1964), thereafter diminishing to levels of 110–113 pMC near the surface. Significantly, peak levels at the east coast site are considerably higher than corresponding levels at the west coast site, though both are lower than reported peak values for continental regions. The possibility of significant 14C enrichment at the east coast site due to past discharges from nuclear installations in the UK seems unlikely. The 210Pbex inventory at the east coast site (6500 Bq m−2) is significantly higher than at the west coast (5300 Bq m−2) and is consistent with the difference in rainfall at the two sites. Finally, 137Cs and 241Am inventories at the east coast site also exceed those at the west coast site by similar proportions (east:west ratio of approximately 1:1.2).

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