scholarly journals Baseline Assessment of Children’s Meals and Healthy Beverage Options Prior to a State-Level Healthy Default Beverage (HDB) Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Meghan McGurk ◽  
Stephanie Cacal ◽  
Uyen Vu ◽  
Tetine Sentell ◽  
Toby Beckelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
State Level ◽  
Baseline Assessment ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Language Implementation ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Beverage Type ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Telephone Calls ◽  
Children's Meals

In January 2020, Hawai‘i became the second state with a healthy default beverage (HDB) law, requiring restaurants to offer HDBs with their children’s meals. This observational study presents baseline characteristics of restaurants with a children’s menu and meal, and describes pre-law beverage options to inform future HDB policy language, implementation, and evaluation. Between November and December 2019, data were collected from a statewide sample of unique restaurants (n=383) with health inspection permits. Restaurants were assessed separately for a children’s menu and meal using website reviews, telephone calls, and in-person visits. Meals were evaluated in February 2020 for pre-law beverage type and compliance. Logistic regression was used to estimate the likelihood of having a children’s menu and meal. Most of the restaurants were full-service (70.2%) and non-chains (67.9%). While 49.3% of restaurants had a children’s menu, only 16.7% had a meal. Significant predictors of having a children’s menu were being full-service (OR=2.09; p=0.004), national/international (OR=5.32; p<0.001) or local chains (OR=1.99; p=0.03), neighbor island (non-Honolulu) locations (OR=2.49; p<0.001), and hotel locations (OR=3.77; p<0.001). Only being a national/international chain significantly predicted having a children’s meal (OR=7.57; p<0.001). Although 35.9% of children’s meals offered a non-sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) option, only 3.1% offered law-compliant beverages. Inclusion of an SSB default option (60.9%) and not specifying the type of default beverage were the predominant factors for pre-law non-compliance. Results support the need for HDB regulations, especially for national/international chains, which were most likely to have children’s meals, and provide data to inform policies in other jurisdictions.

Factors that Affect Sugar Sweetened Beverage Intake in Rural, Southern College Students in the US

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Yeonsoo Kim ◽  
Tak Yan Chau ◽  
Julie M. Rutledge ◽  
Dawn Erickson ◽  
Yunsook Lim
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
The Us

Abstract. The objective of the present study was to investigate factors that affect sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) intake in rural, southern college students in the US. The majority of the participants were male (58 %) and Caucasian (63 %). The average total SSB consumption was 79.4 fl oz/day (2.35 L/d). Results of binary logistic regression analyses of total SSB intake greater than 57.4 fl oz/day (1.8 L/d) versus less than 57.4 fl oz/day showed that factors associated with greater odds for high SSB intake were age greater than 20 years old (odds ratio [OR] = 3.551, 95 % confidence interval [CI] = 1.385 - 9.104, p = 0.008) and being African American (OR = 3.477, 95 % CI = 1.291 - 9.363, p = 0.013). Results of binary logistic regression analyses of total bottled water intake greater than 39.4 fl oz/day (median) versus less than 39.4 fl oz/day showed that consuming alcohol was significantly related to an increased probability of drinking more than 39.4 fl oz (1.17 L/d) of bottled water per day (median; OR = 2.914, 95 % CI = 1.223 - 6.943, p = 0.016). Culturally sensitive strategies are needed to raise awareness for making healthy beverage choices when dining on campus to effectively reduce college student’s SSB consumption.

scholarly journals Predictors of engagement and outcome achievement in a behavioural intervention targeting sugar-sweetened beverage intake among rural adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 554-563
Author(s):  
Kathleen J Porter ◽  
Jessica L Thomson ◽  
Jamie M Zoellner
Keyword(s):  
Generalized Linear Models ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
South West ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Number Of Classes

AbstractObjective:To describe relationships among baseline characteristics, engagement indicators and outcomes for rural participants enrolled in SIPsmartER, a behavioural intervention targeting sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake.Design:A secondary data analysis. Bivariate analyses determined relationships among baseline characteristics (e.g. age, gender, race, education, income), engagement indicators (completion of 6-month health screening, class attendance, call completion) and SSB outcomes (SSB ounce reduction (i.e. US fluid ounces; 1 US fl. oz = 29·57 ml), reduced ≥12 ounces, achieved ≤8 ounce intake). Generalized linear models tested for significant effects of baseline characteristics on engagement indicators and of baseline characteristics and engagement indicators on SSB outcomes.Setting:South-west Virginia, USA, a rural, medically underserved region.Participants:Participants’ (n 155) mean age was 41 years; most were female (81 %), White (91 %) and earned ≤$US 20 000 per annum (61 %).Results:All final models were significant. Engagement models predicted 12–17 % of variance, with age being a significant predictor in all three models. SSB outcome models explained 5–70 % of variance. Number of classes attended was a significant predictor of SSB ounce reduction (β = −6·12, P < 0·01). Baseline SSB intake significantly predicted SSB ounce reduction (β = −0·90, P < 0·001) and achieved ≤8 ounce intake (β = 0·98, P < 0·05).Conclusions:The study identifies several participant baseline characteristics that may impact engagement in and outcomes from a community-based intervention targeting SSB intake. Findings suggest greater attendance of SIPsmartER classes is associated with greater reduction in overall SSB intake; yet engagement variables did not predict other outcomes. Findings will inform the future implementation of SIPsmartER and research studies of similar design and intent.

scholarly journals Limited implementation of California’s Healthy Default Beverage law for children’s meals sold online

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Hannah R. Thompson ◽  
Anna Martin ◽  
Ron Strochlic ◽  
Sonali Singh ◽  
Gail Woodward-Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Census Tracts ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Quick Service ◽  
Children's Meals ◽  
Dairy Milk

Abstract Objective: To reduce children’s sugar-sweetened beverage intake, California’s Healthy-By-Default Beverage law (SB1192) mandates only unflavored dairy/non-dairy milk or water be the default drinks with restaurant children’s meals. The objective of this study is to examine consistency with this law for meals sold through online platforms from restaurants in low-income California neighborhoods. Design: This observational, cross-sectional study examines beverage availability, upcharges (additional cost), and presentation of beverage options consistent with SB1192 (using 4 increasingly restrictive criteria) within a random sample of quick service restaurants (QSRs) in SNAP-Ed eligible census tracts selling children’s meals online from November 2020-April 2021. Setting: Low-income California neighborhoods (n=226 census tracts). Participants: QSRs that sold children’s meals online via a restaurant-specific platform, DoorDash, GrubHub, and/or UberEats (n=631 observations from 254 QSRs). Results: Seventy percent of observations offered water; 63% offered unflavored milk. Among all beverages, water was most likely to have an upcharge; among observations offering water (n=445), 41% had an upcharge (average $0.51). Among observations offering unflavored milk (n=396), 11% had an upcharge (average $0.38). No observations upcharged for soda (regular or diet). Implementation consistency with SB1192 ranged from 40.5% (using the least restrictive criteria) to 5.6% (most restrictive) of observations. Conclusions: Based on observations from restaurant websites and three of the most popular online ordering platforms, most California QSRs located in low-income neighborhoods are not offering children’s meal beverages consistent with the state’s Healthy-By-Default Beverage law. As the popularity of online ordering increases, further work to ensure restaurants are offering healthy default beverages with children’s meals sold online is necessary.

scholarly journals How sugar-sweetened beverage tax revenues are being used in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 101388
Author(s):  
James Krieger ◽  
Kiran Magee ◽  
Tayler Hennings ◽  
John Schoof ◽  
Kristine A. Madsen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Tax Revenues

scholarly journals Barriers to, and facilitators of, the adoption of a sugar sweetened beverage tax to prevent non-communicable diseases in Namibia: a policy landscape analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1903213
Author(s):  
Hans Justus Amukugo ◽  
Safura Abdool Karim ◽  
Anne Marie Thow ◽  
Agnes Erzse ◽  
Petronell Kruger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Landscape Analysis ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Sweetened Beverage

scholarly journals Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Calcified Atherosclerotic Plaques in the Coronary Arteries: The NHLBI Family Heart Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1775
Author(s):  
Yash R. Patel ◽  
Tasnim F. Imran ◽  
R. Curtis Ellison ◽  
Steven C. Hunt ◽  
John Jeffrey Carr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽  
Agatston Score ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Cut Points ◽  
Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Family Heart Study ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Nhlbi Family Heart Study

Background: Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake is associated with higher risk of weight gain, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and cardiovascular mortality. However, the association of SSB with subclinical atherosclerosis in the general population is unknown. Objective: Our primary objective was to investigate the association between SSB intake and prevalence of atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary arteries in The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Family Heart Study. Methods: We studied 1991 participants of the NHLBI Family Heart Study without known coronary heart disease. Intake of SSB was assessed through a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) was measured by cardiac Computed Tomography (CT) and prevalent CAC was defined as an Agatston score ≥100. We used generalized estimating equations to calculate adjusted prevalence ratios of CAC. A sensitivity analysis was also performed at different ranges of cut points for CAC. Results: Mean age and body mass index (BMI) were 55.0 years and 29.5 kg/m2, respectively, and 60% were female. In analysis adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, energy intake, and field center, higher SSB consumption was not associated with higher prevalence of CAC [prevalence ratio (95% confidence interval) of: 1.0 (reference), 1.36 (0.70–2.63), 1.69 (0.93–3.09), 1.21 (0.69–2.12), 1.05 (0.60–1.84), and 1.58 (0.85–2.94) for SSB consumption of almost never, 1–3/month, 1/week, 2–6/week, 1/day, and ≥2/day, respectively (p for linear trend 0.32)]. In a sensitivity analysis, there was no evidence of association between SSB and prevalent CAC when different CAC cut points of 0, 50, 150, 200, and 300 were used. Conclusions: These data do not provide evidence for an association between SSB consumption and prevalent CAC in adult men and women.

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