scholarly journals EFFECT OF DEFICIT IRRIGATION ON QUALITY INDICATORS OF APRICOT FRUITS AFTER HARVESTING AND STORAGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Leinar Septar ◽  
Cristina Moale ◽  
Corina Gavat ◽  
Ion Caplan ◽  
Maria Stanca
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Irrigation Regime ◽  
Irrigation Strategy ◽  
Planting Distance ◽  
And Storage

Trees irrigation is one of the major activities because the fruit production is proportional to water use. The current decrease of water resources leads to the urgent need to adopt a strategy which could be applied to efficiently utilize water without affecting the growth, yield and fruit quality. Therefore, deficit irrigation is an alternative. The crop studied was apricot, 'Orizont' cultivar, 13 years old, grafted on the 'Constanta 14' rootstock. The planting distance was 4 m between the rows and 5 m between trees on the row. The split-plot experiment described here is monofactorial with irrigation strategy having three graduations. The irrigation regime consists of a fully irrigated treatment (b1, non-stressed) according to the irrigation needs (100% of ETc = ETo x Kc), a deficit irrigation treatment (b2) irrigated with half the amount of water in b1 (50% of ETc), and a control, non-irrigated treatment (b3). These plots comprised three adjacent fruit tree rows, with the central row containing five trees for measurements and observations. This research aims to study the effects of deficit irrigation on some quality indicators of apricot fruits after harvest and storage. Fruits in the b3 treatment were much firmer, followed by the fruits from the b2 treatment. The study suggests that moderate deficit irrigation can be profitable for enhancing key fruit quality characteristics.

scholarly journals Influence of High Tunnel and Field Conditions on Strawberry Growth and Development

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sorkel Kadir ◽  
Edward Carey ◽  
Said Ennahli
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
High Tunnel ◽  
Solids Concentration

Plant growth, yield, and fruit quality of two strawberries (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch.)—`Chandler' and `Sweet Charlie'—grown under high tunnels (HTs) were compared with that of field plants during 2002–03 and 2003–04 growing seasons. Plug plants were planted in mid-October 2002 and mid-September 2003 on raised beds covered with black polyethylene mulch. Microclimate of the HTs protected strawberry crowns from winter damage and advanced fruit production 5 weeks earlier than that of plants grown under field conditions. From December to February, average minimum and maximum crown temperatures under the HTs were 5 and 12 °C warmer than those of the field crowns, respectively. The earliest HT fruit were harvested on 7 Apr. 2003 and 11 Mar. 2004. Yield and fruit quality under the HTs were superior to that of field-grown plants. HT plants, especially `Sweet Charlie', bloomed earlier than did field plants, but `Chandler' produced higher yield than `Sweet Charlie' late in the season. Larger fruit with higher soluble solids concentration (SSC) were produced inside the HTs than outside. HT `Sweet Charlie' fruit were sweeter than `Chandler' fruit, but `Chandler' produced larger fruit. Larger leaf area, greater number of leaves and shoot biomass, more branch-crowns, and fewer runners were developed under HTs than field conditions. Total leaf area, leaf production, total shoot biomass, and number of branch-crowns of HT `Chandler' were greater than HT `Sweet Charlie'. Results of this study indicate that strawberry plants under HTs were not only precocious, but also produced higher yields and superior quality to that of field plants. HT conditions suppressed runner growth, but enhanced branch-crown development.

scholarly journals Supplementary Far-Red Light Did Not Affect Tomato Plant Growth or Yield under Mediterranean Greenhouse Conditions

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1849
Author(s):  
Onofrio Davide Palmitessa ◽  
Beniamino Leoni ◽  
Francesco Fabiano Montesano ◽  
Francesco Serio ◽  
Angelo Signore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Red Radiation

In the Mediterranean region, tomato plants are often cultivated in two short cycles per year to avoid the heat of summer and the low solar radiation of winter. Supplementary light (SL) makes it possible to cultivate during the dark season. In this experiment, a tomato F1 hybrid cultivar DRW7723 was cultivated in a greenhouse for a fall-winter cycle. After transplant, light emitting diode (LED) interlighting, with two light spectra (red + blue vs. red + blue + far-red) was applied as SL. Plant growth, yield, gas exchange, nutrient solution (NS) consumption, and fruit quality were analyzed. In general, the effects of adding far-red radiation were not visible on the parameters analyzed, although the yield was 27% higher in plants grown with SL than those grown without. Tomatoes had the same average fresh weight between SL treatments, but the plants grown with SL produced 16% more fruits than control. Fruit quality, gas exchange and NS uptake were not influenced by the addition of far-red light. Interlighting is, therefore, a valid technique to increase fruit production in winter but at our latitude the effects of adding far-red radiation are mitigated by available sunlight.

Responses of 'Pink Lady ' apple to deficit irrigation and partial rootzone drying: physiology, growth, yield, and fruit quality

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark G. O'Connell ◽  
Ian Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Stem Water Potential ◽  
Crop Evapotranspiration ◽  
Stem Water ◽  
Partial Rootzone Drying

Partial rootzone drying (PRD) is a new irrigation strategy whereby water is withheld from part of the rootzone while another part is well watered. A successful PRD strategy should reduce tree water use through stomatal control of transpiration and reduce vegetative growth while maintaining fruit size and yield. A field experiment examined crop water relations and production performance of PRD in a commercial apple orchard on loam soil in the Goulburn Valley, Australia. The orchard consisted of high-density (1420 trees/ha) 8-year-old ‘Pink Lady’ apple trees trained as central leader and irrigated by microjets. The effects of PRD on leaf/stem water potential, vegetative growth, yield components and fruit quality were investigated during two seasons (2001–02, Year 1 and 2002–03, Year 2). The 2-year average growing season reference crop evapotranspiration and rainfall was 954 and 168 mm, respectively. Three irrigation treatments were established: (1) deficit irrigation (DI, supplied 50% of water to a fixed side of tree); (2) PRD supplied 50% of water to alternating sides of tree; (3) and conventional irrigation (CI, supplied 100% water to both sides of tree). Irrigation inputs under the CI treatment were 334 and 529 mm for Year 1 and Year 2, respectively. In Year 1, the volume of irrigation applied to CI treatment inputs equated to the replacement of predicted crop evapotranspiration (ETc) based on a mid-season FAO-56 crop coefficient with adjustment for tree size. Vegetative growth, fruit production and water status showed both PRD and DI treatments led to a classical ‘deficit irrigation’ water stress response. Leaf water potential, leaf conductance, fruit size, shoot growth and yield were reduced on PRD and DI trees compared to the fully watered (CI) trees. In Year 2, CI inputs exceeded estimated ETc by 2-fold. Consequently, minimal or no differences between irrigation regimes were measured in stem water potential, vegetative growth, yield components and fruit quality. Fruit disorders (sunburn, russet, misshape, markings, frost damage) were not affected by irrigation regime in either season. We contend that further effort is required to determine under what circumstances or environments there is a PRD response that saves water and maintains yield and quality for apple.

scholarly journals Effect of Irrigation Frequency and Shade Levels on Vegetative Growth, Yield, and Fruit Quality of Piquin Pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum)

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan I. Valiente-Banuet ◽  
Alejandro Gutiérrez-Ochoa
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Horticultural Products ◽  
Yearly Data

In Mexico, piquin peppers are highly valued horticultural products with limited cultivated production due to low seed germination, morphologic and genetic variability, disease susceptibility, and limited environmental physiology information. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation frequency and shade level treatments on vegetative growth, yield, and fruit quality of a commercial ecotype of piquin pepper. The study was conducted during two consecutive years using a hierarchical linear mixed-effects model design, with yearly data of irrigation frequency as main treatment blocks and shade levels as secondary blocks (nested within irrigation frequency treatments). Our results indicate that more frequent irrigation and increased shade levels favored vegetative growth. In addition, moderate shade levels (interception of 35% of full sunlight) and daily irrigation provided the best conditions for fruit production. This effect could be attributed to an increase in vegetative growth (thus higher photosynthetic and crop load capacity); more moderate conditions (temperatures and relative humidity) that favored flowering and fruit set, or a combination of these factors. Fruit size and pungency were not significantly affected by the treatments. Our results provide basic information for the development of guidelines for the cultivation of piquin pepper plants.

scholarly journals Co-application of mineral and organic fertilizers under deficit irrigation improves the fruit quality of the Wonderful pomegranate

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11328
Author(s):  
Khalid F. Almutairi ◽  
Mahmoud Abdel-Sattar ◽  
Ahmed M. Mahdy ◽  
Mohamed A. El-Mahrouky
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
The Individual

Background The aim of this study was to determine the individual and interactive effects of various irrigation regimes and fertilizer treatments on the quality of the Wonderful pomegranate cultivar. Methods Two field experiments were conducted over two consecutive growing seasons (2018 and 2019) to determine the individual and interactive effects of various organic and mineral fertilizer treatments on the fruit quality of the Wonderful pomegranate under various irrigation conditions. A split-plot experimental design was used, in which the main plots included three levels of irrigation (100%, 80%, and 60% of evapotranspiration) while the subplots included five fertilizer treatments with different co-application ratios of mineral and organic fertilizers. Results All tested physicochemical properties of the fruit were significantly affected by the irrigation treatment, with irrigation at 80% of evapotranspiration representing the best strategy for reducing water use and improving fruit quality. Moreover, the co-application of mineral and organic fertilizers had a significant effect on fruit quality, with 75% mineral + 25% organic fertilizer improving all of the physical and chemical properties of the fruit in both experimental seasons. Irrigation and the co-application of mineral and organic fertilizers also had a significant interaction effect on the physicochemical attributes of fruit, which further increased fruit quality. Conclusions The co-application of organic and mineral fertilizers produced better quality pomegranate fruit than mineral fertilizer alone under deficit irrigation conditions. This technique could therefore be applied to improve the fruiting of horticultural trees in arid growing regions.

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