scholarly journals Latent tuberculosis infection among health-care workers using Quantiferon-TB Gold-Plus in a country with a low burden for tuberculosis: prevalence and risk factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
Abdulellah Almohaya ◽  
Abdulwahab Aldrees ◽  
Layan Akkielah ◽  
Alshaima Talal Hashim ◽  
Fahad Almajid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Health-care workers (HCW) are susceptible to latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The prevalence of LTBI in HCW in Saudi Arabia has not been reported using the fourth-generation interferon gamma release assay QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus). OBJECTIVE: Determine the prevalence of LTBI in a large heterogeneous HCW population and assess risk factors for LTBI. DESIGN: Cross-sectional and case-control study. SETTING: Tertiary academic hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Medical records of HCWs who had QFT-Plus performed between January to December 2018 were reviewed and included in the cross-sectional study. In a subset analysis, randomly selected positive QFT-Plus cases were compared with controls selected from the same areas of work. Univariate and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the significance of other factors to QFT-PLus positivity. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of LTBI in HCWs and potential risk factors for LTBI. SAMPLE SIZE: 3024 HCWs in the cross-sectional analysis; 294 cases and 294 controls in the case-control analysis. RESULTS: Twenty-four percent (n=733) of the HCWs had a positive QFT-Plus. The median (interquartile range) age was 34.0 (31.0-37.1) years, 71% were female, and only 24.8% were of Saudi nationals. Nursing represented 57.7% of HCWs, and 24.7% were working in a non-clinical area. Only 20.3% worked in TB-related departments. A higher risk of LTBI was present in HCWs who were older than 50 years (OR=1.95), from either Philippines (OR=4.7) or the Indian subcontinent (OR=4.1), working as a nurse (OR=2.7), allied health profession (OR=2.1), radiology technician (OR=3.1), or in the emergency room (OR=2.4) or intensive care unit (OR=2.1). In the binary logistic regression, independent predictors for positive QFT-Plus were age group older than 50 years (aOR=2.96), known TB exposure (aOR=1.97), and not receiving BCG at birth (aOR=3.08). LIMITATION: Single-center, retrospective, possible recall bias for BCG vaccination. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of LTBI among HCW emphasizes the need to continue pre-employment screening, especially for employed personnel from high endemic areas, with targeted annual screening for the same group and other identified high-risk groups. These findings can aid in the development of national screening guidelines for LTBI in HCW. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None.

scholarly journals Isolation measures and protection awareness are significant for latent tuberculosis infection: a cross-sectional study based on T-SPOT.TB among health care workers in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfeng Deng ◽  
Yun Liu ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Hui Jing ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers

AbstractThis study aimed to reveal the associated risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) detected by T-SPOT.TB assay among health care workers (HCWs) at different working locations or job categories in China. This cross-sectional study included 934 HCWs who underwent the T-SPOT.TB assay. Demographic and social characteristics of the participants, including age, sex, job categories, department/ward and duration of healthcare service, were recorded. Among 934 HCWs, 267 (28.5867%) were diagnosed as having LTBI with positive T-SPOT.TB assay. HCWs working in inpatient tuberculosis (TB) (odds ratio (OR) 2.917; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.852–4.596; P < 0.001) and respiratory wards (OR 1.840; 95% CI 1.124–3.011; P = 0.015), and with longer duration of healthcare service (OR 1.048; 95% CI 1.016–1.080; P = 0.003) were risk factors for positive T-SPOT.TB result. Furthermore, longer working duration increased the positive rate of T-SPOT.TB results for physicians and nurses, and physicians had higher risks than nurses for the same working duration. Inpatient TB and respiratory wards were high-risk working locations for HCWs with LTBI, and longer duration of healthcare service also increased the risk of LTBI among HCWs. A complete strategy for TB infection control and protection awareness among HCWs should be enhanced.

scholarly journals Risk factors of latent tuberculosis infection and immune function in health care workers in Suzhou, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 6742-6752
Author(s):  
Cui-Lin Shi ◽  
Jun-Chi Xu ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Zhi-Jian Ye ◽  
Xin-Nian Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Care Workers

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection among primary health care workers in Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Nascimento do Prado ◽  
Lee W. Riley ◽  
Mauro Sanchez ◽  
Geisa Fregona ◽  
Renata Lyrio Peres Nóbrega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Tb Control ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Tb Control Program

Health care workers (HCW) are at increased risk of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) from occupational exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The objective was to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for LTBI among primary HCW in five Brazilian cities. We conducted a cross-sectional study, from 2011 to 2013, among primary HCW, using a structured questionnaire and an evaluated for LTBI using the Quantiferon-TB Gold in-tube test. The magnitude of the associations was assessed using hierarchical logistic regression models. Among 708 HCW, the LTBI prevalence was 27% (n = 196; 95%CI: 24%-31%). We found that the following factors were positively associated with LTBI in primary HCW: age > 50 years (OR = 2.94; 95%CI: 1.44-5.99), absence of a BCG scar (OR = 2.10; 95%CI: 1.28-3.43), self-reported ex-smoker status (OR = 1.80; 95%CI: 1.04-3.11), being a nurse (OR = 2.97; 95%CI: 1.13-7.83), being a nurse technician (OR = 3.10; 95%CI: 1.26-7.60), being a community health agent (OR = 2.60; 95%CI: 1.06-6.40), and irregular use of N95 masks (OR = 2.51; 95%CI: 1.11-5.98). In contrast, HCWs who do not work in health care facilities with a TB control program were less likely to have LTBI (OR = 0.66; 95%CI: 0.45-0.97). This study demonstrated a substantial occupational risk of LTBI among primary HCW in Brazil. The Brazilian TB control program, as well as local programs, need to target these high-risk HCW with education, as well as with better personal protective equipment to prevent acquisition of new TB infection.

scholarly journals Professional practice for COVID-19 risk reduction among health care workers: a Cross-Sectional Study with Matched Case-Control Comparison

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Wilson ◽  
Audrey Mouet ◽  
Camille Jeanne-Leroyer ◽  
France Borgey ◽  
Emmanuelle Odinet-Raulin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractBackgroundHealth care workers (HCWs) are particularly exposed to COVID-19 and therefore it is paramount to study preventive measures in this population.AimTo investigate socio-demographic factors and professional practice associated with the risk of COVID-19 among HCWs in health establishments in Normandy, FranceMethodsA cross-sectional and 3 case-control studies were conducted in order to explore the possible risk factors that lead to SARS-CoV2 transmission within HCWs, based on an online questionnaire. The case-control studies focused on risk factors associated with care of COVID-19 patients, care of non COVID-19 patients and contacts between colleagues.FindingsAmong 2,058 respondents, respectively 1,363 (66.2%) and 695 (33.8%) in medical and medico-social establishments, 301 (14.6%) reported having been infected by SARS-CoV2. When caring for COVID-19 patients, HCWs who declared wearing respirators, either for all patient care (ORa 0.39; 95% CI: 0.29-0.51) or only when exposed to aerosol-generating procedures (ORa 0.56; 95% CI: 0.43-0.70), had a lower risk of infection compared with HCWs who declared wearing mainly surgical masks. During care of non COVID-19 patients, wearing mainly a respirator was associated with a higher risk of infection (ORa 1.84; 95% CI: 1.06-3.37). An increased risk was also found for HCWs who changed uniform in workplace changing rooms (ORa 1.93; 95% CI: 1.63-2.29).ConclusionCorrect use of PPE adapted to the situation and risk level is essential in protecting HCWs against infection.

Risk factors for tuberculosis among health care workers in South India: a nested case–control study

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anoop Mathew ◽  
Thambu David ◽  
Kurien Thomas ◽  
P.J. Kuruvilla ◽  
V. Balaji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
South India ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document