Safety and Effectiveness of Cytomegalovirus Specific Antigen Induced Interferon-Gamma ELISPOT/ELISA: A Systematic Review

ObjectiveTo investigate the risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) following initial negative systematic transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) prostate biopsies.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesPubMed and Embase were searched using a string combination with keywords/Medical Subject Headings terms and free text in the search builder. Date of search was 13 April 2020.Study selectionStudies addressing PCSM following initial negative TRUS biopsies. Randomised controlled trials and population-based studies including men with initial negative TRUS biopsies reported in English from 1990 until present were included.Data extractionData extraction was done using a predefined form by two authors independently and compared with confirm data; risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for cohort studies when applicable.ResultsFour eligible studies were identified. Outcomes were reported differently in the studies as both cumulative incidence and Kaplan-Meier estimates have been used. Regardless of the study differences, all studies reported low estimated incidence of PCSM of 1.8%–5.2% in men with negative TRUS biopsies during the following 10–20 years. Main limitation in all studies was limited follow-up.ConclusionOnly a few studies have investigated the risk of PCSM following initial negative biopsies and all studies included patients before the era of MRI of the prostate. However, the studies point to the fact that the risk of PCSM is low following initial negative TRUS biopsies, and that the level of prostate-specific antigen before biopsies holds prognostic information. This may be considered when advising patients about the need for further diagnostic evaluation.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019134548.

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The effect of green tea on prostate specific antigen (PSA): A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Complementary Therapies in Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102659 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 102659

Author(s):

Elham Sharifi-Zahabi ◽

Fatemeh Hajizadeh-Sharafabad ◽

Hadi Abdollahzad ◽

Afsaneh Dehnad ◽

Farzad Shidfar

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Prostate Specific Antigen ◽

Green Tea ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Randomized Controlled

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Interleukin 12 induces stable priming for interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) production during differentiation of human T helper (Th) cells and transient IFN-gamma production in established Th2 cell clones.

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.179.4.1273 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 179 (4) ◽

pp. 1273-1283 ◽

Cited By ~ 269

Author(s):

R Manetti ◽

F Gerosa ◽

M G Giudizi ◽

R Biagiotti ◽

P Parronchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Interferon Gamma ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Th2 Cells ◽

Interleukin 12 ◽

T Helper ◽

Ifn Gamma ◽

Selection Of

Interleukin 12 (IL-12) facilitates the generation of a T helper type 1 (Th1) response, with high interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) production, while inhibiting the generation of IL-4-producing Th2 cells in polyclonal cultures of both human and murine T cells and in vivo in the mouse. In this study, we analyzed the effect of IL-12, present during cloning of human T cells, on the cytokine profile of the clones. The culture system used allows growth of clones from virtually every T cell, and thus excludes the possibility that selection of precommitted Th cell precursors plays a role in determining characteristics of the clones. IL-12 present during the cloning procedures endowed both CD4+ and CD8+ clones with the ability to produce IFN-gamma at levels severalfold higher than those observed in clones generated in the absence of IL-12. This priming was stable because the high levels of IFN-gamma production were maintained when the clones were cultured in the absence of IL-12 for 11 d. The CD4+ and some of the CD8+ clones produced variable amounts of IL-4. Unlike IFN-gamma, IL-4 production was not significantly different in clones generated in the presence or absence of IL-12. These data suggest that IL-12 primes the clone progenitors, inducing their differentiation to high IFN-gamma-producing clones. The suppression of IL-4-producing cells observed in polyclonally generated T cells in vivo and in vitro in the presence of IL-12 is not observed in this clonal model, suggesting that the suppression depends more on positive selection of non-IL-4-producing cells than on differentiation of individual clones. However, antigen-specific established Th2 clones that were unable to produce IFN-gamma with any other inducer did produce IFN-gamma at low but significant levels when stimulated with IL-12 in combination with specific antigen or insoluble anti-CD3 antibodies. This induction of IFN-gamma gene expression was transient, because culture of the established clones with IL-12 for up to 1 wk did not convert them into IFN-gamma producers when stimulated in the absence of IL-12. These results suggest that Th clones respond to IL-12 treatment either with a stable priming for IFN-gamma production or with only a transient low level expression of the IFN-gamma gene, depending on their stage of differentiation.

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Green tea and green tea extract in oncological treatment: A systematic review

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000698 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Fanny Wiese ◽

Sabine Kutschan ◽

Jennifer Doerfler ◽

Viktoria Mathies ◽

Jens Buentzel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Green Tea ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽

Oncological Treatment ◽

Complementary Method ◽

Tea Extract

Abstract. Purpose: Teas are an essential part of traditional phytotherapy. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the clinical evidence using green tea catechins in cancer care. Methods: A systematic search was conducted searching five electronic databases concerning the effectiveness and risks of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on cancer patients. Results: Seven studies with 371 patients were included. Patients were mainly suffering from breast and prostate cancer. Dosing ranged from 28 mg to 1600 mg EGCG, intervention time from 7 days to 6 months with different applications (topical 2 studies; oral 5 studies). The studies showed heterogeneous methodological quality and results leading not to conduct a meta-analysis. There was a small decrease in prostate-specific-antigen levels in one study (N=60; T0:(mean±SD) 9.6±5.2 ng/ml, T1: 8.4±4.3 ng/ml vs. T0: 9.9±8.5 ng/ml, T1: 10.0±9.0 ng/ml; p=0.04), whereas in a second study only a trend was seen. Topical green tea was as effective as metronidazole powder in reducing the odor of fungating malignant wounds (1 study; N=30) with a consequent increase in quality of life (QoL) (p<0.001), improvement of appetite (p<0.001), malodorous control (p<0.001), social activities (p<0.001). Radiotherapy-induced diarrhea was lower in the green tea intervention group compared to placebo (1 study; N=42; week 4+5: without diarrhea p=0.002). Conclusions: The studies suggest that EGCG is as effective as a local antibiotic in malodorous control and improvement of QoL of fungating malignant wounds. Green tea could be a possible complementary method for treating acute radiation-induced diarrhea. Due to limitations, further studies with higher methodological quality and larger sample sizes are needed.

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The Current Role of Immunotherapy in mCRPC: A Systematic Review

Austin Journal of Clinical Case Reports ◽

10.26420/austinjclincaserep.2021.1222 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Dalibey H ◽

◽

Hansen TF ◽

Zedan AH ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Overall Survival ◽

Immune Checkpoint ◽

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽

Response Rate ◽

Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Significant Difference

Background: The development of immunotherapy has shown promising results in several malignant diseases, including prostate cancer, calling for a systematic review of the current literature. This review aims to evaluate the present data and prospects of immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC). Methods: Articles were identified via a systematic search of the electronic database Pubmed, in accordance with the PICO process and following the PRISMA guidelines. Articles in English studying immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with mCRPC published between March 2010 and March 2020 were eligible for inclusion. Endpoints of interest were Overall Survival (OS), Progression-Free Survival (PFS), clinical Overall Response Rate (ORR), and Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) response rate. Results: Ten articles were identified as eligible for inclusion. The studies primarily explored the use of Ipilimumab, a CTLA-4 inhibitor, and Pembrolizumab, a PD-1 inhibitor. These drugs were both used either as monotherapy or in combination with other treatment modalities. The largest trial included in the review demonstrated no significant difference in overall survival between the intervention and placebo. However, two studies presented promising data combing immunotherapy and immune vaccines. Grade 3 and 4 adverse events ranging from 10.1% to 82.3%, whit diarrhea, rash, and fatigue were the most frequently reported. Forty relevant ongoing trials were identified exploring immunotherapy with or without a parallel treatment modality. Conclusion: Overall, the current data shows that the effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors as monotherapy may have limited impact on mCRPC, and the results from ongoing combinational trials are eagerly awaited.

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Interferon-Gamma +874 (T/A) Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Aplastic Anemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Evidence based Medicine and Practice ◽

10.4172/2471-9919.1000112 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 03 (01) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bahman Razi ◽

Shahab Alizadeh ◽

Danyal Imani ◽

Ramazan Rezaei ◽

Azadeh Omidkhoda

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Aplastic Anemia ◽

Interferon Gamma ◽

Meta Analysis

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Comparative accuracy of pleural fluid unstimulated interferon-gamma and adenosine deaminase for diagnosing pleural tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0253525 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. e0253525

Author(s):

Ashutosh Nath Aggarwal ◽

Ritesh Agarwal ◽

Sahajal Dhooria ◽

Kuruswamy Thurai Prasad ◽

Inderpaul Singh Sehgal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Adenosine Deaminase ◽

Pleural Fluid ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Interferon Gamma ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Paired Data ◽

Ifn Γ ◽

Meta Regression

Objective We compared diagnostic accuracy of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in diagnosing tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) through systematic review and comparative meta-analysis. Methods We queried PubMed and Embase databases to identify studies providing paired data for sensitivity and specificity of both pleural fluid ADA and IFN-γ for diagnosing TPE. We used hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) plots and HSROC meta-regression to model individual and comparative diagnostic performance of the two tests. Results We retrieved 376 citations and included 45 datasets from 44 publications (4974 patients) in our review. Summary estimates for sensitivity and specificity for ADA were 0.88 (95% CI 0.85–0.91) and 0.91 (95% CI 0.89–0.92), while for IFN-γ they were 0.91 (95% CI 0.89–0.94) and 0.96 (95% CI 0.94–0.97), respectively. HSROC plots showed consistently greater diagnostic accuracy for IFN-γ over ADA across the entire range of observations. HSROC meta-regression using test-type as covariate yielded a relative diagnostic odds ratio of 2.22 (95% CI 1.68–2.94) in favour of IFN-γ, along with better summary sensitivity and specificity figures. No prespecified subgroup variable significantly influenced the summary diagnostic accuracy estimates. Conclusion Pleural fluid IFN-γ estimation has better diagnostic accuracy than ADA estimation for diagnosis of TPE.

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