scholarly journals Effect of Septorhinoplasty on Olfactory Function: Assessment Using the Brief Smell Identification Test

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramazan Dengiz ◽  
Suheyl Haytoglu ◽  
Orhan Gorgulu ◽  
Mehmet Dogru ◽  
Osman Kursat Arikan
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Smell Identification ◽  
Function Assessment

scholarly journals Subjective and Objective Assessment of Olfactory Function in Post-Laryngectomy Patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Ricardo L. Ramirez ◽  
Windolyn D. Panganiban ◽  
Joel A. Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Total Laryngectomy ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Olfactory Testing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Smell Identification

Objective:       To determine the olfactory function among post-laryngectomy patients using a questionnaire adapted from that of the Smell and Taste Clinic of Hospital of University Pennsylvania (HUP) and the Santo Tomas Smell Identification Test. Methods: Design: Descriptive study Setting: Tertiary Private Hospital Outpatient Department Patients: Twenty five subjects who had undergone total laryngectomy and met inclusion and exclusion criteria underwent rigid nasal endoscopy and olfactory function assessment using an adaptation of the questionnaire of the Smell and Taste Clinic of Hospital of University Pennsylvania (HUP) and the Santo Tomas Smell Identification Test (ST-SIT). Results: Twenty one male subjects completed olfactory testing. All had subjective sense of smell before laryngectomy. Statistically significant correlation was noted between the subjective post-operative smell function and the objective olfactory function test scores. There was no statistically significant difference noted in the ST SIT scores with regards age, duration from laryngectomy to olfactory testing, number of smoking pack- years, use of olfactory technique/maneuver, loss of appetite and adjunctive chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Conclusion: All subjects post-laryngectomy had subjective complaints of varying levels of olfactory difficulties based on a structured questionnaire and were documented to be anosmic by an objective smell identification test. Olfactory problems following laryngectomy can have significant effects on the lives of laryngectomees, and health care providers should be knowledgeable of available management options for this condition. Key words: olfaction, anosmia, total laryngectomy, olfactory testing

scholarly journals Late-term Effects of Surgery on Nasal Functions in Patients who Underwent Total Laryngectomy Surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 270-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Karaoglu ◽  
Murat Kocyigit ◽  
Safiye Ortekin ◽  
Mustafa Adali
Keyword(s):  
Patient Group ◽  
Total Laryngectomy ◽  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nasal Passage ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Smell Identification ◽  
Nasal Mucociliary Clearance

Introduction There is a common opinion that losing airway functions in total laryngectomy patients cause changes in nasal physiological rates. Studies conducted to review the subject present gaps, especially in terms of objective measurements. Objective We evaluated late-term effects of surgery on nasal functions in patients who underwent total laryngectomy surgery more than two years ago. Methods We included in the study 22 patients who had undergone total laryngectomy, as well as 24 healthy subjects with similar demographic characteristics as the control group. We performed acoustic rhinometry for intranasal volume and cross-sectional area measurements, saccharin test for measurement of nasal mucociliary clearance, and smell identification test for evaluation of olfactory function in the patient and control groups. We compared and statistically analyzed the data obtained from the groups. Results In our study, although late-term (>2 years) measurements were not statistically significant, we detected more nasal passage patency in the patient group than in the control group. In smell identification test, lower scores were obtained in the patient group. The difference between measurements in both groups was statistically significant. Conclusion We believe that since the upper respiratory tract is disabled due to tracheostomy in patients with total laryngectomy, atrophy occurs in the late term and, consequently, nasal mucociliary clearance is impaired. We also see diminished olfactory function in total laryngectomy patients.

Applicability of the Cross-Culturally Modified University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test in a Japanese Population

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 404-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitomi Ogihara ◽  
Masayoshi Kobayashi ◽  
Kohei Nishida ◽  
Masako Kitano ◽  
Kazuhiko Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Population ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Cultural Bias ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Smell Identification

Background The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) is a popular olfactory function test used throughout the world. In Japan, however, it is not widely used because it is written in English and some of the test odorants are unfamiliar to the Japanese population. Recently, a cross-culturally modified UPSIT was developed. This study was designed to determine if the Japanese version of the UPSIT (UPSIT-J) is effective in Japanese populations. Methods We administered the UPSIT-J to 50 normosmic Japanese subjects and 54 Japanese patients with known olfactory dysfunction. Subjects were also administered the Japanese standard olfactory threshold test (T&T olfactometry), the Odor Stick Identification Test for Japanese (OSIT-J) and i.v. olfactometry (the Alinamin test). Test results from the UPSIT-J and subjects’ opinions were compared with the standard Japanese tests of olfactory function. Results Most subjects reported that the UPSIT-J was easy and interesting compared with OSIT-J and easier and more interesting than the T&T olfactometry and Alinamin test. Identification rates for nine of the UPSIT-J odorants were found to be < 80% for normal subjects. UPSIT-J scores correlated with subjects’ self-reported levels of olfactory function (r s = 0.85), OSIT-J score (r s = 0.86), recognition threshold of the T&T olfactometry (r s = 0.80), and Alinamin test results (r s = 0.38 for latency; r s = 0.52 for duration time). Conclusion Although a cultural bias was detected for some test odorants, this study indicates that the UPSIT-J is effective for use in the clinic to assess olfactory function in the Japanese population.

Olfactory Identification among Various Subtypes of Parkinson Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 167-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mir Mohammad Jalali ◽  
Seyed Ali Roudbary ◽  
Hooshang Gerami ◽  
Robabeh Soleimani ◽  
Seyed Matin Ebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Smell Identification

Introduction: This study is aimed at investigating the olfactory function among different subtypes of Parkinson disease (PD) and the impact of sex on smell identification test. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we used Iran-smell identification test (Iran-SIT). PD severity was determined using a Hoehn and Yahr (H&amp;Y) scale. We used analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to compare the olfactory function among different PD subtypes. All analyses were performed using SPSS software version 16.0. Results: In total, 66 males and 38 females participated in this study. The most common PD subtype was postural instability and gait difficulty (38.5%). Severe hyposmia and anosmia were found in 44.6 and 19.6% of participants, respectively. Women had a higher score in olfactory function than men (p = 0.44). The score of subjects with stage 1 in the H&amp;Y scale was about 3 points higher than the score with stage 4. The ANCOVA showed a statistically significant effect of subtypes PD on Iran-SIT score after controlling for the effects of covariates (p = 0.03). There is a significant difference between tremor-dominant Parkinson disease (TDPD) and other subtypes of PD (p < 0.05). However, Iran-SIT scores failed to show a significant difference between men and women (p = 0.13). Discussion/Conclusion: Our results confirmed that PD is heterogeneous and there is significant variability in odor identification ability in these patients. We observed more olfactory impairment in TDPD, and subjects with higher H&amp;Y stage. We recommended future studies with repeated measurements of different aspects of smell function to characterize the temporal relationship of olfactory dysfunction with PD.

scholarly journals Examination Techniques of the First Cranial Nerve: What Neurosurgical Residents Should Know

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
Leonard Leong Sang Xian ◽  
Vasu Nallaluthan ◽  
Yong De Jun ◽  
Ooi Lin-Wei ◽  
Sanihah Abdul Halim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Threshold Test ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Odour Discrimination ◽  
Examination Techniques ◽  
Smell Identification

Olfactory or smell dysfunction is often overlooked by clinicians despite being prevalent in the population. To date in Malaysia, there is no standard and reliable test to examine the function of olfaction. Tests used at developed countries such as the Sniffin’ Sticks Test (SST), the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) test, the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) and the Brief Smell Identification Test (B-SIT) are not readily available in this region and may be costly to procure. The first cranial nerve can be tested using commonly available materials to assess: i) the function of odour detection; ii) the odour discrimination; and iii) the odour identification. An abnormal odour detection threshold test generally indicates a peripheral olfactory problem while the odour discrimination and identification test attribute the problem to the cerebral cortex. An olfactory complaint should not be taken lightly and a proper olfactory function examination is important: i) to determine the legitimacy of a patient’s complaint; ii) to monitor the progress of patient’s olfactory function; iii) to establish insurance payout for disability; and iv) to characterise the specific nature of the problem. A video has been produced to demonstrate the examination techniques explained in this article.

scholarly journals 4347 Bimodal Visual-Olfactory Training for Post-Surgical or Post-Traumatic Olfactory Dysfunction (VOLT Trial)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (s1) ◽  
pp. 23-24
Author(s):  
Andrew Michael Peterson ◽  
Dorina Kallogjeri ◽  
Jay Piccirillo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Quality Of Life Questionnaires ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Smell Identification ◽  
Olfactory Training

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: 1) Assess the patient-reported, perceived change in olfactory function after bimodal visual-olfactory training (OT) 2) Assess change in olfactory function after bimodal visual-olfactory training with a smell identification test 3) Assess which scents are most important to people with olfactory dysfunction (OD) METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The participants are adults with subjective or clinically diagnosed OD with post-surgical or traumatic etiologies within the last 5 years. At the first of two study visits, participants complete the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) and complete general health (SF-36) and olfactory-related quality-of-life questionnaires. From a list of 34 scents, participants chose the 4 scents most important to them and smelled the scents twice daily for 3 months. Olfactory testing and the quality-of-life questionnaires were repeated at the final visit. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: 10 participants have enrolled in the study. There was one screen fail and one withdrawal. Six participants are currently undergoing OT and two have completed the study. Seven participants have post-surgical etiology and three have post-traumatic etiology of their OD. Of the two participants who have completed the study, one had an UPSIT score improvement from 25 to 33 out of the 40 questions correct. The minimally clinically important difference on the UPSIT is 4. She reports improvement subjectively. The second participant had a UPSIT score change from 25 to 24 and reports ability to smell is neither better nor worse. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Traumatic and post-surgical, particularly post-transphenoidal hypophysectomy, are common etiologies of OD and no effective treatments exist. The results from our pilot study will help better inform the best way to undergo OT, how effective it is, and the planning of future studies.

scholarly journals Effects of Septoplasty on Olfactory Function Evaluated by the Brief Smell Identification Test: A Study of 116 Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Süheyl Haytoğlu ◽  
Ramazan Dengiz ◽  
Nuray Bayar Muluk ◽  
Gökhan Kuran ◽  
Osman Kursat Arikan
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Nasal Patency ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Identification Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Smell Identification

We conducted a prospective study of 116 patients—61 men and 55 women, aged 17 to 64 years (mean: 26.4)— to investigate the effects of septoplasty on olfactory function in patients with septal deviation (SD). The Mladina classification system was used to define SD types, and olfactory function was assessed with the Brief Smell Identification test (BSIT). The BSIT, which includes 12 odorants, was administered preoperatively and at postoperative months 1 and 3. The most common SD types were types 2 (20.7% of patients) and 1 (19.0%), followed by types 3 and 5 (both 16.4%). At postoperative month 1, the mean BSIT score was significantly higher in men than in the women. For patients with types 1 and 2 SD, BSIT scores at 1 month were significantly lower than the scores preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. For types 3 and 4, BSIT values were significantly higher at 3 months than preoperatively or at 1 month. For type 3 SD, the pre-operative mean score was significantly lower than those for types 1, 4, 5, 6, and 7; for type 2 SD, the BSIT score was significantly lower than those of types 5 and 6 only. At 1 month, the scores for types 2 and 3 were significantly lower than those for types 4, 5, 6, and 7. At 3 months, the BSIT score for type 2 was significantly lower than those of types 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6; the type 3 SD score at 3 months was significantly higher than those for types 1, 2, 5, 6, and 7. We conclude that septoplasty surgery for patients with a type 3 SD may improve olfactory function. In contrast, we found that olfactory function in patients with a type 2 SD did not improve to a satisfactory degree, even when good nasal patency was achieved with a corrected septum and an enlarged intranasal volume. Our findings should be investigated further in future studies.

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