scholarly journals Limited scleroderma: sonographic pattern in the stage of erythema/edema

2021 ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
A. M. Yurkovskiy ◽  
L. A. Pаroshуna ◽  
S. L. Achinovich
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Case ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Histologic Examination ◽  
Sonographic Examination ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sonographic Patterns ◽  
Limited Scleroderma ◽  
Inflammatory Changes ◽  
Sonographic Pattern ◽  
Ultrasound Scanner

Objective. To describe the sonopattern of limited scleroderma (LS) in the early stages after the onset of erythema.Materials and methods. The work describes a clinical case of limited plaque scleroderma. The sonographic examination was carried out on an ultrasound scanner using a transducer with operating frequencies of 10–16–18 MHz. Material sampling for the histologic examination of the skin was performed from the area with the most pronounced inflammatory changes under sonographic control.Results. It has been found that increased echogenicity of the dermis, “blurring” of the dermis/hypodermis boundary, increased echogenicity and the “stalactite-like” pattern of subcutaneous fat occur in the frst week of the disease; normalization or a signifcant improvement of the sonopattern is noted by the end of the second week or by the beginning of the third week after the onset of erythema.Conclusion. There is a certain parallelism between the histologic and sonographic patterns, which makes it possible to adequately assess both the activity and the stage of the LS process.

scholarly journals Iatrogenic keratoconjunctivitis sicca in a dog

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 921-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Eliza de Almeida ◽  
Fabricio Villela Mamede ◽  
Juan Pablo Duque Ortiz ◽  
José Luiz Laus
Keyword(s):  
Lacrimal Gland ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Third

Qualitative and quantitative abnormalities in primary components of the tear can alter the dynamics of the lacrimal film, compromising its function. Lipids, an aqueous fraction and mucoproteins constitute the lacrimal film. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) is a disease commonly diagnosed in dogs. It is characterized by the deficiency of the aqueous fraction in the lacrimal film that results in dryness, inflammation of the conjunctive and cornea with progressive corneal illness and reduction of vision and pain. Due to the significant contribution of the third eyelid lacrimal gland to the production of the aqueous fraction of the lacrimal film, the removal of this gland when prolapsed is an important cause of iatrogenic keratoconjuctivitis sicca. This paper describes a clinical case of iatrogenic keratoconjuctivitis sicca in a 10 month-old Boston Terrier which was caused by the removal of the third eyelid lacrimal gland due to its prolapse.

An assessment of carcass probes for use in Great Britain for the EC pig Carcass Grading Scheme

1989 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Cook ◽  
J. P. Chadwick ◽  
A. J. Kempster
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Optical Probe ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
The Third ◽  
Slaughter Pigs ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Statistical Criteria ◽  
Do So

ABSTRACTTo gain approval for use in the revised European Community (EC) Pig Grading Scheme to be introduced in 1989, methods of estimating carcass lean proportion must be shown to do so with a coefficient of determination greater than 0·64 and a residual s.d. of less than 25 g/kg. A trial was carried out to assess a number of methods for use in the EC Scheme as applied in Great Britain. Subcutaneous fat and m. longissimus depths at the head of the last rib and at the third/fourth from last rib were measured using the optical probe (OP), the Fat-O-Meater (FOM), the Hennessy Grading Probe II (HGP) and the Destron PG-100 Probe (DST) on a broad sample of 162 commercial carcasses representative of the ranges in fatness and weight found nationally. The left side of each carcass was separated into component tissues. Although the instruments all achieved similar levels of accuracy in predicting carcass lean proportion, some differences were found. The DST just failed to reach the required statistical criteria for approval in the EC Scheme. The results for the other three instruments were submitted to Brussels as evidence of suitability and they have been approved.Using the regression relationships found between carcass composition and fat thickness together with results from earlier studies, it was estimated that the carcass separable fat proportion of British slaughter pigs has fallen at the annual rate of 7 g/kg since 1975.

scholarly journals Monitoring Metastasis and Cachexia in a Patient with Breast Cancer: A Case Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. CMO.S40479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita Consul ◽  
Xiaotao Guo ◽  
Courtney Coker ◽  
Sara Lopez-Pintado ◽  
Hanina Hibshoosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
The Third ◽  
Metastatic Burden

Cachexia, a wasting syndrome associated with advanced cancer and metastasis, is rarely documented in breast cancer patients. However, the incidence of cachexia in breast cancer is now thought to be largely underestimated. In our case report of a breast cancer patient with bone metastasis monitored during the course of her treatment, we document the development of cachexia by image analysis in relation to her metastatic burden. Elucidation of the link between metastatic burden and cachexia could unveil a highly specific screening process for metastasis, by assessing true muscle mass loss. Our patient was a 49-year-old premenopausal woman, with metastatic invasive ductal breast carcinoma in the vertebral and iliac bones on presentation, which progressed with new metastases to her hips, thigh bones, and vertebrae. In the two-year period, that is between her diagnosis and death, she lost >10% of her baseline weight. During these two years, we retrospectively identified a decrease in paraspinal muscle (PM) at the third lumbar vertebra followed by a sharp decline in weight. The increased tumor burden over time in metastatic sites was accompanied by a decrease in abdominal muscle and visceral and subcutaneous fat and was followed by the patient's demise. The increasing tumor burden in the patient was correlated with the mass of other tissues to determine the tissue that could best serve as a surrogate marker to cachexia and tumor burden. We noted a strong negative correlation between PM area and metastatic tumor area at the third lumbar vertebral level, with PM loss correlating to increasing tumor burden. The monitoring of PM wasting may serve as a marker, and therefore a prognostic factor, for both cachexia and extent of metastatic disease, especially in breast cancer, where metastasis to bone is frequent. Based on our data and review of the literature in this case study, longitudinal monitoring of cachexia in the selected muscle groups can give clinicians early indications of the extent of cachexia in metastatic breast cancer patients.

scholarly journals Narcolepsy Secondary to Fourth Ventricular Subependymoma

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.K.F. Ma ◽  
L.C. Ang ◽  
M. Mamelak ◽  
S.J. Kish ◽  
B. Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Cerebral Metastasis ◽  
Histologic Examination ◽  
Colonic Carcinoma ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
The Third ◽  
Anatomical Localization ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACT:Background:Secondary (symptomatic) narcolepsy is rare. We report a subependymoma of the fourth ventricle associated with narcolepsy. The patient was a 50-year-old woman with a long history of narcolepsy who died of colonic carcinoma with no cerebral metastasis. She was positive for HLA-DR2. At autopsy there was a tumour dorsal to the fourth ventricle which involved the midbrain tectum and rostral pons. Histologic examination of the tumour confirmed it to be a subependymoma.Methods:Review of the previous cases of secondary narcolepsy was made with particular reference to the anatomical location of the lesions.Results:Most of the lesions were found around the third ventricle and rostral brainstem.Conclusions:Knowing the anatomical localization of the pathological changes in secondary narcolepsy could be important in improving our understanding of its pathogenesis.

Residues of famphur in bovine tissues and milk following its application as a pour-on insecticide

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (78) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Annand ◽  
JHP Dingle ◽  
AB Heath ◽  
WA Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Topical Application ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
The Third ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Residue Levels

Three experiments were conducted to determine residues of famphur in tissues and milk of cattle following its topical application. Subcutaneous fat, sampled by biopsy, from animals treated at 150 mg famphur per kg body weight contained maximum residues of famphur (about 10 mg kg-1, average) one day after treatment. Levels of treatment at 50 mg kg-1 and 25 mg kg-1 yielded similar but lower residues after the same period (2.08 and 1.8 p.p.m, respectively). The half-life of famphur residues was independent of the initial residue levels and was calculated as 0.9 day. Mean residues were negligible (highest mean 0.08 p.p.m.) by five days after treatment. Post-mortem sampling of cattle treated with famphur at 45 mg kg-1 showed that at one day and seven days after treatment, residues in fats (up to 1.25 p.p.m. and 0.53 p.p.m. respectively) and muscle (1.41 p.p.m. and 0.71 p.p.m. respectively) were similar but were higher than the negligible levels (0.05 p.p.m. or less) found in liver and kidney. By 14 days, levels in all tissues were very low (0.11 p.p.m. or less). In milk from cows treated with 23 mg famphur kg-1, 76 per cent of the famphur was found in the butterfat and a maximum level (0.237 p.p.m.) in whole milk was found in the first milking after treatment. Residues were negligible (0.008 p.p.m.) by the third day.

scholarly journals Short Term Longitudinal Changes in Subcutaneous Fat Distribution and Body Size among Japanese Women in the Third Decade of Life.

1999 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoko Murakami ◽  
Rie Hikima ◽  
Seiichi Arai ◽  
Kazuhiko Yamazaki ◽  
Sachiko Iizuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Longitudinal Changes ◽  
The Third

The response of lactating sows and their litters to different dietary energy allowances. 2. Weight changes and carcass composition of sows

1975 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. O'Grady ◽  
F. W. H. Elsley ◽  
R. M. MacPherson ◽  
I. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fat Reserves ◽  
Lactating Sows

SummaryThe live-weight changes of 48 sows were recorded over three reproductive cycles. All sows were given standard amounts of feed in gestation and one of four energy allowances during lactation. The daily intakes of digestible energy during lactation ranged from 12·2 to 182·2 Meal in the first, 122·9 to 192·6 Meal in the second and 132·2 to 202·2 Meal in the third lactation. Weight change in lactation responded to energy intake; sows on the lowest energy intake lost weight whilst those on the highest intake gained. At weaning of their third litters, sows on the highest energy allowance weighed 44 kg more than those on the lowest level and this was equivalent to a carcass difference of 372·3 kg at slaughter.All the sows were slaughtered after the third litters had been weaned and the carcasses were dissected into lean, subcutaneous fat+skin, and bone. Sows from all treatments had less subcutaneous fat+skin and more muscle and bone than non-pregnant gilts killed at a mean weight of 129 kg, a weight equivalent to that of the experimental animals at their first mating.The reduction in fat reserves was linearly correlated with dietary energy intake of the sows. Sows receiving the lowest energy intake in lactation possessed fat reserves which were estimated to be only 25% as great as in gilts comparable to those used to initiate the experiment. This reduction in body reserves has implications with regard to the long-term effects of feeding lactating sows low intakes of energy during 6-week lactations.

Effects of oestradiol-17β or zeranol with or without trenbolone acetate on live-weight gain, carcass composition and zeranol residues in steers on an 18-month beef system

1988 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-214
Author(s):  
J. R. Southgate ◽  
A. R. Peters ◽  
S. N. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
The Third ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Weight Groups

ABSTRACTA comparison of anabolic treatment regimes was made in 761 autumn-born Friesian steers on 14 farms. Prior to turn-out for grazing at 6 months of age and approximately 180 kg live weight, steers were weighed and divided into three equal-weight groups. Group 1 received silastic implants containing 45 mg oestradiol-17β. Group 2 received 36 mg zeranol and group 3 were untreated controls. All steers were weighed at intervals of approximately 3 months (i.e. mid summer, yarding at autumn, mid winter and pre-slaughter) and group 2 steers received a further 36 mg zeranol at the second, third and fourth weighing. At the third weighing half the cattle in each of the treatment groups 1 and 2 received 300 mg trenbolone acetate. Also at the third weighing, group 3 (controls) were subdivided into three equal-weight groups, the first of which received 45 mg oestradiol-17β and 300 mg trenbolone acetate and the second 36 mg zeranol and 300 mg trenbolone acetate. The third subgroup remained as untreated controls.From 10 farms a 25% sample close to group mean weight at mid winter were slaughtered on the same day and subjectively assessed for subcutaneous fat score and conformation on 15-point scales. The left thin flank was separated into tissues. Samples of lean fat, liver and kidney were analysed for zeranol residues. All implant treatments resulted in higher live-weight gain, heavier slaughter weights and earlier slaughter. Trenbolone increased daily gain only during the first 3 months after treatment. Implanted carcasses were heavier both in the fore- and hindquarter but trenbolone also produced heavier forequarters. Carcasses from treated steers had more subcutaneous fat, less perinephric and retroperitoneal fat and less intermuscular fat in the thin-flank joint. Zeranol residues in implanted steers were not significantly higher than controls except in the kidney, but even these were significantly below accepted tolerance levels.

scholarly journals Timing of Song Thrush Turdus philomelos on pre-nuptial migration in southern Italy

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Scebba ◽  
Maria Oliveri Del Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Temporal Trend ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Coast Line ◽  
Song Thrush ◽  
The Third ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Migrant Birds ◽  
The Mean

Abstract We studied the presence and movements of Song Thrush along the southern Tyrrhenian coast line in the region of Campania, from 2013 to 2016, in order to establish the timing of northward migration. We captured and ringed 150 birds with standardised mist-netting. There was little evidence of migration from the second 10-day period of January, when the trapping began, until the first 10-day period of February. There were no peaks due to the arrival of migrant birds though an increase in captures was recorded during the second 10-day period of February with a very considerable peak during the second 10-day period of March. The mean body mass showed significant increases from the third 10-day period of February, with the highest values recorded in March, also reflected in the accumulation of subcutaneous fat; 91% of subjects with fat scores 3 and 4 were concentrated between the third 10-day period of February and the third 10-day period of March, while the first birds with fat appeared only in the first 10-day period of February. Analysis of several recoveries of thrushes ringed in Campania, in other Italian regions and in other countries, confirms the presence of these birds in Campania in the period between the third 10-day period of January and the third 10-day period of March. The data gathered during the four years of this investigation provide a fairly clear, though not conclusive, picture of the temporal trend of pre-nuptial migration of Song Thrush, which never began before the second 10-day period of February, although it is possible that some birds on migration may be present in the previous 10-day period.

scholarly journals Staging of Plantar Fasciitis According to Ultrasonography

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
O.A. Turchyn ◽  
R.V. Luchko ◽  
L.Ye. Osadcha
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Fasciitis ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sonographic Examination ◽  
Plantar Aponeurosis ◽  
Free Part ◽  
Perifocal Edema

Objective. Analysis of sonographic examination of plantar aponeurosis in norm and in plantar fasciitis, determination of the staging of plantar fasciitis depending on the duration of the pain syndrome and sonographic changes in plantar aponeurosis. Materials and Methods. 193 patients (272 cases) with plantar fasciitis (131 females and 62 males). The average age of patients was 47.69±0.97 years (18-81 years). Unilateral pathology was noted in 114 patients (114 cases) and bilateral – in 79 patients (158 cases). The average body mass index was 26.68±0.24. The average duration of pain syndrome was 101.12±5.83 days (7-390 days). The pain syndrome lasted up to 1 month in 26 patients (37 cases), from 1 to 6 months – in 126 patients (181 cases), and more than 6 months – in 41 patients (54 cases). The control group included 20 healthy volunteers (40 feet). Clinical radiological, sonographic, and statistical methods were used. Results. The average thickness of plantar aponeurosis in the study group was 6.14±1.49 mm (2.3-7.7 mm) and in control group – 3.5±0.1 mm (2.5-4.4 mm). There were three stages of the plantar fasciitis. Stage I was characterized by the absence of thickening of the plantar aponeurosis and structural changes, and by signs of local perifocal edema in the subcutaneous fat of the area adjacent to the aponeurosis, which are manifested by a zone of heterogeneous echogenicity. Stage II was characterized by a spindle-shaped form of aponeurosis, a thickening of enthesis more than 4 mm, significant reduction in echogenicity, erased or missing fibrous pattern, fuzzy contour of the aponeurosis, and modified contour of the calcaneus. At stage III, inequality of the cortical calcaneal contour and small focal hyperechogenicity points in enthesis were detected. Distal free part of the aponeurosis also changed. Loci of vascularization were detected using power Doppler sonography. Conclusions. A quantitative sonographic sign of plantar fasciitis is the thickening of the enthesis of the plantar aponeurosis of more than 4 mm. Qualitative signs were changes in echogenicity and structure, changes in the contours of the cortical layer of enthesis and plantar aponeurosis, and distribution of echographic changes distally to the free part of the aponeurosis. The described signs, when compared with the duration of the pain syndrome, determine the stage of plantar fasciitis.

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