scholarly journals Recording Social Life: Reflexivity and Video Methodology

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Lomax ◽  
N. Casey
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Research Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
Reactive Effect ◽  
Reflexive Analysis

The degree to which researcher generated visual records (for example video texts) may be used to collect valid information about the social world is subject to considerable academic debate (cf. Feld and Williams, 1975; Gottdiener, 1979 and Grimshaw, 1982). On the one hand the method is assumed, by implication, to have limited impact on the data, the taped image being treated as a replica of the unrecorded event (Vihman and Greenlee, 1987; Vuchinich, 1986). On the other, it is suggested that the video camera has a uniquely distorting effect on the researched phenomenon (Gottdiener, 1979: p. 61; Heider, 1976: p. 49). Research participants, it is argued, demonstrate a reactive effect to the video process such that data is meaningful only if special precautions are taken to validate it. Strategies suggested include a covert approach to the data collection itself (cf. Eibl-Eibesfeldt and Haass, 1974; Gottdiener, 1979; Albrecht, 1985) or the application of triangulative techniques such as respondent validation (Gottdiener, 1979; Albrecht, 1985 and Arborelius and Timpka, 1990). In this paper we suggest that both these views are problematic. The insistence of one on marginalising the role of the research process and the other on attempting to separate the process from the research data is at the expense of exploring the degree to which the process helps socially and interactionally produce the data. As we demonstrate, the activity of data collection is constitutive of the very interaction which is then subsequently available for investigation. A reflexive analysis of this relationship is therefore essential. Video generated data is an ideal resource in as far as it can provide a faithful record of the process as an aspect of the naturally occurring interaction which comprises the research topic.

scholarly journals Revisiting Health in Colonial Bengal: A Literary Overview (1880 -1930)

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 374-377
Author(s):  
Tinni Goswami Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vernacular Literature ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
British Raj ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cultural Tensions ◽  
The One ◽  
Active Link

The essential theme of this paper is to highlight the condition of health and hygiene in the British Bengal from the perspective of official documents and vernacular writings, with special emphasis on the journals and periodicals. The fatal effects of the epidemics like malaria and cholera, the insanitary condition of the rural Bengal and the cultivated indifference of the British Raj made the lives of the poor natives miserable and ailing. The authorities had a tendency to blame the colonized for their illiteracy and callousness, which became instrumental for the outbreak of the epidemics. On the other, in the late 19 th and the beginning of the 20th, the vernacular literature played the role of a catalyst in awakening health awareness, highlighting the issues related with ill health, insanitation and malnourishment. More importantly, it became an active link between the society and culture on the one hand, and health and people on the other. The present researcher wants to highlight these opposite trajectories of mentalities with a different connotation. The ideologies of the Raj and the native political aspirations often reflected in the colonial writings, where the year 1880 was considered as a landmark in the field of public health policies. On the other, the dichotomy between the masters and the colonized took a prominent shape during 1930s. Within these fifty years; the health of the natives witnessed many upheavals grounded on the social, economic and cultural tensions.

Unconditional and conditional as categories of the dialectic of law

2021 ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Grigory N. Utkin
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Dialectical Relationship ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The One ◽  
Dialectical Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Meaning

The article reveals the conceptual, meaning-forming role of the categories of the unconditional and conditional in law. At the same time, their dialectical relationship with each other and with other categories is put in the center of attention. The dialectic of the unconditional and conditional is revealed by achieving the unity of the three stages of theoretical analysis, which allows us to present the unconditional and conditional, on the one hand, as the content of all concepts, through which the idea of law is generally expressed in various aspects and elements; on the other hand, the entire set of categories subject to dialectical analysis appears as elements of the content of the unconditional and conditional as semantic units that Express the universal characteristics of law in its features, isolation from other forms of social life.

Facing Strangers in Need

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Nenad Miscevic ◽  
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
The Other ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Psychological Approach ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Decent Life ◽  
The One

What is the role of toleration in the present-day crisis, marked by the inflow of refugees and increase in populism? The seriousness of the crises demands efforts of active toleration, acceptance, and integration of refugees and the like. Active toleration brings with itself a series of very demanding duties, divided into immediate ones involving immediate Samaritan aid to people at our doors and the long-term ones involving their acculturation and possibilities of decent life for them. A cosmopolitan attitude can contribute a lot. In the context of a refugee crisis, cosmopolitanism is not disappearing but showing its non-traditional, more Samaritan face turned not to distant strangers, as the classical one, but towards strangers at our doors.We have conjectured that this work of active toleration can diminish the need for the passive one: the well-integrated immigrant is no longer seen as a strange, exotic person with an incomprehensible and unacceptable attitude, but as one of us so that her attitudes become less irritating and provocative. The social-psychological approach that sees integration as involving both the preservation of central aspects of the original identity and the copy-pasting of the new one over it offers an interesting rationale for the conjecture: once integrated, the former newcomer is perceived as one of ‘us’ and her views stop being exotic, incomprehensible and a priori unacceptable. Given the amount of need for toleration, and difficulties and paradoxes connected with its passive variety, the conjecture, if true, might be a piece of good news.Finally, we have briefly touched the question of deeper causes of the crisis. Once one turns to this question, the traditional cosmopolitan issues come back to the forefront: the deep poverty and unjust distribution on the one hand, and conflicts and wars on the other. Cosmopolitans have a duty to face these issues, and this is where active global toleration leads in our times.

Optimal Contracting Model in a Social Environment and Trust-Related Psychological Costs

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suren Basov ◽  
M. Ishaq Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Optimal Contracting ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
Contracting Model

AbstractMost research in contract theory concentrated on the role of incentives in shaping individual behavior. Recent research suggests that social norms also play an important role. From a point of view of a mechanism designer (a principal, a government, and a bank), responsiveness of an agent to the social norms is both a blessing and a curse. On the one hand, it provides the designer with extra instruments, while on the other it puts restrictions on how these new and the more conventional instruments can be used. The main objective of this paper is to investigate this trade-off and study how it shapes different contracts observed in the real world. We consider a model in which agent’s cost of cheating is triggered by the principal’s show of trust. We call such behavior a norm of honesty and trust and show that it drives incentives to be either low powerful or high powerful, eliminating contracts with medium powerful incentives.

FROM MYSHKIN TO MARXISM: THE ROLE OF DOSTOEVSKY RECEPTION IN LUKÁCS'S REVOLUTIONARY ETHICS

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 927-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD WESTERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moral Law ◽  
Political Ethics ◽  
Fyodor Dostoevsky ◽  
Spiritual Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One

For European literati of the early twentieth century, Fyodor Dostoevsky represented a mythically Russian spirituality in contrast to a soulless, rationalized West. One such enthusiast was Georg Lukács, who in 1915 began a never-completed book about Dostoevsky's work, a model of spiritual community that could redeem a fallen world. Though framing his analysis in the language and themes of broader Dostoevsky reception, Lukács used this idiom innovatively to go beyond the reactionary implications this model might connote. Highlighting similarities with Max Weber's account of political ethics, I argue that Lukács developed an ethic derived from his reading of Dostoevsky, which focused on the idea of a hero defined by an ability to resolve the specific ethical dilemma of adherence to duty and moral law on the one hand, and, on the other, the need to restore spontaneous human community at a time when the social institutions embodying such laws had fallen into decay. Crucially, he deployed the same framework after his conversion to Marxism to justify revolutionary terror. However different his position from Dostoevsky's, it was through engagement with these novels that Lukács not only clarified his thought but also came to identify Lenin as a Dostoevskyan hero figure.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Rural Municipalities’ (Dehyari) Performance in Realization of Social Sustainability of the Villages Case study of central part of Nimroz city of Sistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Abbas Palash ◽  
Hamid Ja’fari ◽  
Hadi Ghanbarzadeh Darban
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
The Social ◽  
Central District ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
Rural Municipalities ◽  
The One

In recent decades, social sustainability has become the center of many researchers and planners’ attention. In this regard, one of the main approaches to achieve social sustainability is paying attention to the role of rural municipalities. Regarding the importance of this subject, the current study aimed to evaluate the rural municipalities’ performance in the achievement of social sustainability in the Central District of Nimrouz County. The current study is of applied type in terms of objective and it is of descriptive-analytical type in terms of methodology. The data collection instruments were questionnaires and interviews, and the statistical population included the rural households in the central district of Nimrouz County. The data were analyzed by the One-Sample t-test and the variance analysis and multivariable regression were also used to evaluate the rural governor’s (Dehtar) performance. The results indicated that rural governors’ performance in the social sustainability of the villages under study has managed to grab local villagers’ satisfaction and it was at an appropriate level.

scholarly journals Negative views towards TVET : the role of colonial and post-colonial TVET policies in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses Njenga
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Education ◽  
Technical Education ◽  
Negative Parity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

While vital for the social and economic development of Kenya and Africa as whole, Vocational Education remains hampered by a negative parity of esteem. Individuals and households continue to view vocational education as a second option. This is in contrast with the views held by both pre-colonial and post colonial governments. Each successive government has attempted to provide vocational education and made policies to effect widespread provision. This article reviews the history of these policies and identifies the source of negative views towards vocational education on the one hand to discriminatory approaches by colonial governments and on the other hand to the burdening of technical education with the task of employment creation.

scholarly journals PERAN KELUARGA DALAM PEMBENTURAN MORAL BANGSA DITINIAU DART SUDUT PANDANG AGAMA ISLAM

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Atho Mudzhar
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
National Character ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Family ◽  
The One ◽  
Modern Era

The interest in the role of family in social life in this modern era is growing stronger. On the one hand, this is the result of the declining degree of cohesiveness and disorientation of the family due to industrialization and individualization. On the other hand, it is the effect of the increasing expectation of society toward family institution as the result of the failure of the institutions outside family circles to implant and defend some values in life. This article is trying to see how a family can play a role in building national character, viewed especially from Islamicperspectives. In a specific way, this article shows how Islamic teachings give guidance concerning matters relating to the functions of the family.

scholarly journals Role of Grab on the social life changes of Bengkulu City

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Afrima Widanti ◽  
Dewi Rahmayanti
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Life Changes ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
The Social

Purpose – The presence of Grab has invited many discussions. The purpose of this study is to know the role of Grab on changes in social life in Bengkulu city both in terms of Grab drivers, consumers, and other conventional transportation.Method – This study uses a qualitative approach with an in-depth interview method. The total respondents in this study are 38 people consisting of 5 people from Grab drivers, 30 people from consumers, and five people from conventional transportation.Result – This study found that there were changes in Grab drivers' income, but there were no social changes in Grab drivers. On the other hand, there were social changes in Grab consumers and conventional drivers. Implication – This study can be used by public, government, and private sector to understand better consumer behaviour in online transportation field.Originality – As the growth of online transportation in Indonesia is increasing, this study offers early understanding upon the phenomena.  

“Subjunctive design” as a means of developing professional and civic identity among young peopl

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-52
Author(s):  
Ю.Ю. Александрова ◽  
И.В. Кохова ◽  
Н.С. Пряжников ◽  
Е.Ю. Пряжникова
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Civic Identity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Professional Orientation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Psychological Educational ◽  
The One

В статье обосновывается статус «сослагательного проектирования» как перспективного метода психолого-педагогической и профориентационной работы со школьниками и студентами, в основе которого — стремление рассмотреть возможные варианты развития страны, ее регионов и городов, а также конкретных профессий, с учетом готовности молодежи реализовать себя в этих профессиях на благо общества и в соответствии со своими собственными интересами. Кроме того, анализируются проблемы и риски, возможные в процессе практического использования метода «сослагательного проектирования», в частности риски персонификации и чрезмерного «раздувания» реально существующих в обществе и экономике проблем, что провоцирует нежелательную критику власти и даже экстремистские настроения. В качестве противодействия этим рискам предлагается направлять творческую энергию школьников и студентов в конструктивное русло, нацеливая их на поиск путей делового сотрудничества с теми, кто реально обладает властью и другими возможностями, но пока недостаточно использует их для развития страны. При этом эмоциональная включенность участников в обсуждение перспектив развития страны должна рассматриваться как показатель сопричастности, неравнодушия к процессам трансформации России, что соотносимо и с профессиональной, и с гражданской идентичностью. В статье также приводятся примеры использования конкретных профориентационных методик в контексте общего метода «сослагательного проектирования». Опыт использования таких методик показывает, что, с одной стороны, школьники и студенты готовы с интересом обсуждать перспективы развития страны, ее отраслей экономики, конкретных профессий и собственной жизни, но с другой — далеко не все из них делают это осознанно, а большинство вообще не утруждает себя размышлениями о возможных изменениях в технологиях и социальной жизни общества, ориентируясь лишь на реалии сегодняшнего дня. The article substantiates the status of “subjunctive design” as a promising method of psychological- educational, and professional orientation work with schoolboys and students, based on the idea of considering possible options for the development of the country, its regions and cities, as well as — specific professions and their willingness to realize themselves in these professions for the benefit of society and by their interests. Risks and possible problems in the development and practical use of the ”subjunctive design” method are analyzed, in particular the risks of excessive fantasization and personification of real problems in society and economy, which could provoke undesirable criticism of the authorities and even extremist sentiments, including the search for ways of business cooperation with those who have power and other opportunities, but so far, do not use them enough for the development of the country. On the one hand, that schoolchildren and students are ready to discuss with interest the prospects of the country’s development, its branches of the economy, specific professions and their prospects. However, on the other hand, not all of them are ready to do it reasonably, and most of them are not ready to think about possible changes in technology and the social life of society, focusing only on the realities of today.

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