scholarly journals Comprehensive Community Initiatives: Addressing a ‘Problem’ in Local Governance or Creating One?

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Crawshaw ◽  
Donald Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Service Provision ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Third Way ◽  
Community Initiatives ◽  
Welfare Services ◽  
Comprehensive Community Initiatives ◽  
Health Action

Pervaded by ‘third way’ values and identified as archetypal Comprehensive Community Initiatives (CCIs), programmes such as Education Action Zones (EAZs) and Health Action Zones (HAZs) follow a procedural rationale based on heterarchy and partnership. They are a response to an alleged prior fragmentation of service provision in welfare across sectors. Employing evidence from an evaluation of an EAZ and HAZ in one location, this article makes two claims. First, it is claimed that the extent of the alleged ?problem? of fragmentation across the governance of local social and welfare services prior to the introduction of these CCIs is contestable and was exaggerated for political purposes. Second, despite the application of CCIs in the form of EAZs and HAZs, it is claimed that a continuing problem of fragmentation across local governance of social and welfare services is evident. Several insights from the emerging theory of governance failure are employed to offer an explanation for why this situation has occurred.

scholarly journals The case for increased centralization in integration governance: the neglected perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilde Hernes
Keyword(s):  
Service Provision ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Autonomy ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
European Governance

AbstractLocal autonomy is a highly promoted feature in European governance, and the integration field is no exception. In the integration literature, values and considerations favoring local autonomy are often emphasized, while values and considerations underpinning central steering has received less analytical attention, thus a more nuanced perspective in studies of central–local governance relations is warranted. This commentary identifies general dilemmas in central–local governance which expose clear justifications for both local autonomy and central steering. Furthermore, it presents empirical examples of policy changes regulating central–local governance in the Scandinavian countries where increased centralization has been introduced with reference to promoting values and considerations favoring central steering, such as a fairer distribution of responsibilities between local authorities, legal safeguards for individuals, and equal service provision across the country. Lastly, it suggests how future studies of central–local governance could benefit from of taking a more nuanced perspective.

scholarly journals Missing in Action: Indigenous Knowledge Systems in Evaluation of Comprehensive Community Initiatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Gillespie ◽  
Jason Albert ◽  
Shelanie Grant ◽  
Tanya MacKeigan
Keyword(s):  
Ways Of Knowing ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Community Initiatives ◽  
Comprehensive Community Initiatives ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge Systems ◽  
Indigenous Children ◽  
Missing In Action

Comprehensive community initiatives (CCIs) coordinate social and structural change across multiple community sectors and represent promising approaches to complex social problems. Nowhere is this more relevant than for Indigenous children and families. However, strategies to evaluate initiatives to enhance Indigenous well-being must be meaningful to Indigenous communities. A review of literature regarding evaluation of CCIs identified various principles, case studies, methodologies, and methods grounded in Western ways of knowing and approaches to research. Research that engages with Indigenous led comprehensive community initiatives is needed to enhance evaluation practices for CCIs that enables resurgence of Indigenous traditions and worldviews. 

Embedded Foundations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Allen-Meares
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Community Building ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Initiatives ◽  
Community Assets ◽  
Comprehensive Community Initiatives ◽  
Embedded Foundation ◽  
Embedded Foundations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Future Work

A growing subset of hometown and place-based foundations in the United States have adopted an embedded philanthropic approach, in which funders “dig in” and “dig deeper” into the life of communities. Embedded philanthropy and embedded funders may change the landscape of community-building efforts in significant ways. This article discusses the history of U.S. foundations, their involvement in community development, and the emergence of comprehensive community initiatives. This entry also describes the distinction between embedded funding approaches and other conventional efforts. These include the use of a “bottom up” approach to social change, a focus on helping communities to build capacity, and the building of community assets. Case studies of select embedded foundation efforts will be presented to illustrate current methods, challenges, and implications for future work. This entry will also discuss a few of the new roles foundations play in order to achieve their objectives. As this approach continues to evolve and more evaluations take place, greater understanding will develop regarding the way forward for foundations in the United States.

scholarly journals Voting for Militants: Rebel Elections in Civil War

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Gallagher Cunningham ◽  
Reyko Huang ◽  
Katherine M. Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Service Provision ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Organizational Capacity ◽  
Violent Conflict ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Organizational Hierarchy ◽  
Rebel Groups ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Global Data

Rebel actors engage in a number of behaviors beyond violent conflict, including social service provision, diplomacy, and establishing local governance. This article centers on an oft-overlooked aspect of rebel behavior and governance: rebel groups conducting popular elections in wartime. We argue that rebel elections are a means through which rebels can strengthen both local and international legitimacy, but that there are risks to employing elections (such as logistical failures or publicized disconnect from civilians). We hypothesize that rebels that are pursuing legitimacy (local and international) in other ways are likely to set up rebel elections and that rebel groups with greater organizational capacity are more likely to introduce elections because they are well placed to manage the risks elections entail. Using a global data set of rebel use of elections where local civilians vote to elect rebel representatives at various levels of organizational hierarchy, we find empirical support for these propositions.

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