Response of Zea mays var. Jala to Burkholderia sp. and Klebsiella oxytogena under reduced urea dose

Introduction: The growing of maize (zea mays L.) in Latin America is carried out under the intensive production system, which causes loss of soil fertility due to excessive nitrogen fertilizer. Objective: Analyzing the response of maize var. Jala to genera of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) endophytes of maize var. Mexicana (teocintle) when using nitrogen fertilizer such as urea at 50 % under greenhouse and soil conditions. Methodology: A randomized block design was established with five treatments, three controls and twenty repetitions. The treatments with inoculated maize seeds and 50 % urea were: Burkholderia (KO) and Burkholderia sp. 14 (B14); the controls were: non-inoculated maize with 50 % urea (RC1), non-inoculated maize irrigated with water (FC) and non-inoculated maize with 100 % urea (RC2). The experiments were established under greenhouse and soil conditions. The response variables were radical dry weight (RDW) and fresh weight of grain (FWG). ANOVA and Tukey’s mean comparison (P ≤ 0.01) were carried out. Results: In both environments, treatment B14 showed statistically higher values than those obtained with FC (full control), but statistically equal to RC2 (relative control). Study limitations: Maize varieties have specific and beneficial endophytic PGPB genera, which are not necessarily for regional varieties. Originality: PGPB endophytes from teocintle (ancestor of maize) were used because of their close genetic relationship with the maize var. Jala. Conclusion: PGPB endophytes from teocintle are a viable option for sustainable maize production.

Download Full-text

Brown Spot and Stalk Rot Diseases of Maize (Zea Mays) and Susceptibility of Two Varieties to Physoderma Maydis in Far North Cameroon

International Journal of Phytopathology ◽

10.33687/phytopath.010.01.3505 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. ACCEPTED

Author(s):

Jules P. N Dooh ◽

Djile Bouba ◽

Djongnang Gabriel

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Block Design ◽

Brown Spot ◽

Maize Production ◽

Disease Symptoms ◽

Stalk Rot ◽

Far North ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Maize Varieties

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the most widely grown cereals in the world. However, in Cameroon, particularly in the Far North Region, yields remain low because of diseases increasing due to farming practices and climate change. This work aimed to characterize Brown Spot and Stalk Rot of corn and evaluate the susceptibility of two maize varieties to Physoderma maydis in field conditions. Two maize varieties, CMS9015, and CMS8704 were evaluated in a randomized block design. Disease symptoms were observed and described using identification keys. Microscopic characteristics of pathogens were performed using a microscope. Incidence, severity, and areas under disease curve progress (AUIPC and AUSiPC) were calculated. Brown spot occurred 3 or 4 weeks after sowing (WAS) at the growing stage in CMS8704 variety first, and stalk rot 7 WAS. Brown spot appeared in leaves and is characterized by oval yellowish spots in the leaf blade and brownish spots in the midrid. Stalk rot infects stem nodes and is characterized by brownish spots, leading to the broken stem. The incidence of brown spot increased with time and environmental conditions (rainfall). The highest incidence of Physoderma Brown Spot was recorded with CMS8704 variety 53.06 % against 51.72 % with CMS9015. Severity was respectively 54.40 % and 47.12 % with CMS8704 and CMS9015. The incidence and severity of stalk rot were almost identical in both varieties. AUIPC of PBS and PSR was higher in CMS9015 than in CMS 8704, 63 DAS. PBS and PSR infect maize production, and both varieties are susceptible to P. maydis.

Download Full-text

Cekaman Garam NaCl danTeknik Aplikasi Azolla pada Tanaman Padi

Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia ◽

10.18343/ipi.25.3.349 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 349-355

Author(s):

Fitri Krismiratsih ◽

Sugeng Winarso ◽

Slamerto Slamerto

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Block Design ◽

Ground Cover ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Application Technique ◽

Rice Plants ◽

Root Dry Weight ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Salinity Levels

Efforts to increase production potential can be carried out by extensification in a less productive saline land. Salinity is a major problem in the growth of most plants. Azolla is a plant that is sensitive to salinity, but if it is applied well, it can grow optimally at high salinity levels. The purpose of this study is to obtain an azolla application technique that is effective in increasing the adaptation of rice plants to NaCl saline soil conditions. The experimental design used was Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was the azolla application technique consisted of 3 levels: fresh azolla composted, fresh azolla immersed, and fresh azolla as a ground cover. The second factor was the levels of NaCl salt stress consisted of 4 levels: control DHL 0, 2, 4, and 8 dS m-1. The adaptation ability of rice plants based on variable plants height growth rate, number of tillers, strove dry weight, root dry weight, stomata density, leaf chlorophyll (SPAD), age of flowering, number of paddy grain, and harvest index. The results showed how to test content up to 2 dS m-1 which increased rice growth especially the application of azolla composted. Increasing stress to 4 and 8 dS m-1showed bad effects on vegetative, physiology, and yields of rice components. The stronger of salt stress the higher all plants growth variables except the age of flowering that actually showed the acceleration of flowering. Application of composted azolla can increase the root dry weight and azolla as a ground cover can increase the numbers of paddy grains. Keywords: azolla, NaCl, rice, stress

Download Full-text

Effect Of Grant Palm Oil Ash To The Growth And Production Of Two Corn Varieties (Zea Mays L) In Peatland

10.31219/osf.io/m79v8 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marlina

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Soil Analysis ◽

Block Design ◽

Peat Soil ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Maize Varieties ◽

Two Factors

The study, entitled the effect of the administration of Palm Oil Long Palm (AJKS) to the growth and production of two corn varieties inpeatlands, was carried out from October 2017 to March 2018 in trench 3 in Tembilahan Hulu Village, Tembilahan Hulu District, Indragiri Hilir Regency,soil analysis and AJKS conducted at the Bogor Institute of Agriculture Laboratory. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of AJKSadministration on the growth and production of two maize varieties (Zea mays L) on peatlands, and to determine whether there was an interactionbetween the dosage of AJKS and corn varieties on peat soil ameliorating AJKS. The design used was factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) using 2factors with three replications. The first factor is the dose of AJKS administration consisting of 4 levels, namely: A0: 0 kg / ha, A1: 500 kg / ha, A2: 1000kg / ha, A3: 1500 kg / ha. The second factor is corn varieties with 2 levels, namely: V1: Pioneer Varieties and V2: Varieties N35. Of the two factors aboveobtained 8 treatment combinations. Based on the results of research that has been done, that there is no real interaction and influence between thetreatment of giving AJKS with varieties to all observed parameters. Giving AJKS 1500 kg / ha gives the highest yields on all parameters observed exceptfor the number of cobs, Pioneer variety is the variety that responds most to AJKS administration.

Download Full-text

Respons Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Jagung Di Tailing Tambang Timah Terkontaminasi Kadmium Setelah Inokulasi Bakteri Indogenus

Agrologia ◽

10.30598/a.v4i1.211 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Reginawanti Hindersah ◽

James Matheus

Keyword(s):

Crop Yields ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Cd Uptake ◽

Bacterial Proliferation ◽

Maize Seeds ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Set Up ◽

Number Of Bacteria ◽

Soil Cd

Contaminant levels of cadmium (Cd) in tin mine tailings often exceeds the upper limit. Relatively high Cd content might decrease crop yields and threatened food chain. Bioremediation by using indigenous microbes to lower soil Cd shoud be done prior to use tailings for cultivation. The objective of this experiment was to obtain information about the capacity of indigenous bacterias to induce bacterial proliferation in the rhizosphere, corn growth during the early vegetative stage and change the concentration of Cd in soil and plants. Pot experiment was set up in a Randomized Block Design consist of several combination of two bacterial isolates and their doses. Maize seeds were sown in tailings from the mine site on the island of Bangka and inoculated with indigenous bacteria. The results showed that the bacterial inoculation increased number of bacteria in the rhizosphere and plant height, but only isolates BKH1 with a dose of 5 mL/plants that increased plant dry weight. Soil Cd content decreased when inoculated by bacteria although not statistically significant, while the effect of inoculation on plant Cd uptake was inconsistent.

Download Full-text

Effect of Doses of Green Manure from Different Sources on Growth and Yield of Maize in Dryland

International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics ◽

10.18280/ijdne.160108 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 61-67

Author(s):

Idham Idham ◽

Salapu Pagiu ◽

Sri Anjar Lasmini ◽

Burhanuddin Haji Nasir

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Green Manure ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

P Value ◽

Maize Production ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference

Dryland has low soil fertility. Efforts that can be made to improve soil fertility are fertilizer technologies such as green manure compost. The aim of this study was to determine the type and dose of green manure to increase the growth, production and nutrient uptake of maize in the dryland. The research was conducted in Sidera Village Sigi Biromaru District, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi from June to December 2018. The research used a factorial randomized block design. The first factor is the type of green manure consisting of three levels, namely mungbean green manure (K1), peanut green manure (K2) and Centrosema pubescens green manure (K3). The second factor is the dose of green manure which consists of three levels, namely 5 t. ha-1 (D1), 7.5 t. ha-1 (D2) and 10 t. ha-1 (D3). Thus, there are 9 treatment combinations, each treatment consisting of 3 replications so that there are 27 experimental units. Data were analyzed statistically using the F test and if significantly different it was followed by the least significant difference (LSD) Fisher’s test, P-value 0.05. These results showed that the types and dose of green manure increase the growth and yield of maize, namely leaf area, stem diameter, cob length, the weight of 100 dry shelled seeds, and production per hectare of the dry weight of corn shelled. The highest nutrient uptake and maize production were obtained in the application of C. pubescens green manure at a dose of 10 t. ha-1, namely nitrogen uptake of 7.68%, phosphorus of 0.39%, potassium of 0.09% and yield of 6.44 t. ha-1.

Download Full-text

Efficiency Use of Nitrogen In Several Palm Oil Varieties With Treatment of Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels In Main Nursery

Jurnal Pertanian Tropik ◽

10.32734/jpt.v5i3.3116 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 428-433

Author(s):

Muhammad Afrillah ◽

Chairani Hanum ◽

Abdul Rauf

Keyword(s):

Palm Oil ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Nitrogen Levels ◽

Fertilizer Recommendation ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Optimal Value ◽

Two Factors

Efficiency use of nitrogen in several palm oil varieties with treatment in nitrogen fertilizer level in main nursery. This study aims to determine the growth characteristics of several varieties of palm oil efficient use of nitrogen with the provision of various nitrogen levels in the main nursery. The research was conducted in the nursery area of Yos Sudarso Binjai road and the Soil Laboratory of the Palm Oil Research Center, Medan from May to November 2017, using a factorial randomized block design with two factors. The first factor is varieties consisting of 7 types namely Avros, Simalungun, PPKS 540, Yangambi, PPKS 718, PPKS 239, Langkat. The second factor is the N fertilization dose consisting of 5 levels ie 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% from fertilizer recommendation. The results showed that the addition of N level increased the dry weight of the canopy, and the uptake of plant N nutrients. The efficient use of optimal Nitrogen in Yangambi varieties was obtained on N 25% fertilization, while Avros and PPKS 239 were at 50% recommendation level. 75% recommendation produce optimal value efficient use of N on Simalungun variety, PPKS 718, and Langkat. PPKS 540 varieties efficient use of N optimal at 100% recommendation level.

Download Full-text

Screening of shade tolerant hybrid maize based on stress tolerance index

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/911/1/012018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 911 (1) ◽

pp. 012018

Author(s):

Lesty Ayu Bidhari ◽

Roy Effendi ◽

Nining N. Andayani ◽

Slamet Bambang

Keyword(s):

Light Intensity ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Block Design ◽

Genetic Material ◽

Tolerance Index ◽

Maize Production ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Maize Varieties ◽

Hybrid Maize

Abstract The development of adaptive and high-yielding maize varieties tolerant to shade stress is the right strategy to increase productivity and national maize production by utilizing the land in shaded conditions or under annual stands with 40% shade intensity. This study aimed to assess the best genetic material before releasing new shade tolerant maize varieties. This experiment was conducted in shaded and unshaded conditions in the Indonesian Cereal Research Institute, Maros, from July-October 2018 in KP. Pandu, North Sulawesi under coconut trees from March-August 2019. The design is using a randomized block design with three replications. The genetic material used consisted of 10 three-lane cross-hybrid maize, SHD01, SHD02, SHD03, SHD04, SHD05, SHD06, SHD07, SHD08, SHD09, and SHD10, and two comparison varieties of three-lane cross-hybrid maize, Bima-19, and P-35. Shade causes a reduction in light intensity, impacting changes in the microclimate under the shade. This is indicated by the dynamics of changes in light intensity which are quite high between maize crops in shaded and unshaded conditions. Tolerance to shade stress was assessed by measuring the difference in yield between unshaded environmental conditions and shaded environmental conditions to assess average productivity under normal and shaded conditions using the stress tolerance index (STI). The adaptive level in shade conditions of the candidate varieties SHD02 and SHD10 was significantly better than that of the Bima 19 and P 35 varieties, with the STI values of these candidates being 0.87 and 0.80, while the two comparison varieties Bima 19 and P 35, were respectively only 0.62.

Download Full-text

Peningkatan Hasil Bawang Merah dan Perubahan Sifat Kimia Tanah dengan Pemupukan Berimbang Semi Organik pada Tanah Inceptisol

Agrotrop : Journal on Agriculture Science ◽

10.24843/ajoas.2020.v10.i01.p08 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 67

Author(s):

A.A. NYOMAN SUPADMA ◽

I MADE DANA ◽

I DEWA MADE ARTHAGAMA

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Onion Plant ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Number Of Leaves

Increased Yields Onion Plant and Changes of Soil Chemical Properties with Semiorganic Fertilization on Inceptisol Soil Tabanan. Thisexperiment to study the effects of inorganic fertilizer (P) and organic fertilizer (K) on the chemical properties as well as onion yields. A Factorial Randomized Block Design pot Experiment was conducted under Inceptisol soil conditions located at Kerambitan District, Tabanan Regency. The inorganic treatments consisted of P0 (control), P1 (50kg Phonska ha-1 + 200 kg ZA ha-1), P2 (100 kg Phonska ha-1 + 150 kg ZA ha-1), P3 (150 kg Phonska ha-1 + 100 kg.ZA ha-1). The organic treatments consisted of K0 (control), K1 (2 tons ha-1), K2 (4 tons ha-1), K3 (6 tons ha-1). Plant parameters observed including: plant height (cm), maximum number of leaves, maximum number of tubers, fresh and oven dry weight of tubers and hypothetical tubers fresh yields. The observed chemical soil properties including: soil pH and CEC. All data were analyzed using variance analysis and Duncan's test (0.05). The results showed that all fertilization treatments have significant effects on most parameters observed except plant height, soil pH and CEC. The P2K2 (100 kg Phonska ha-1 + 150 kg ZA ha-1) and (4 tons ha-1) treatment resulted in the best effects on the number tubers (7.7 tubers), weight of fresh tubers (37.9 g), tubers dry weight (6.5 g) per pot respectively. The highest hypothetical yields (9.5 tons ha-1) were also found under this treatment as well as the highest soil pH (6.6) and CEC (46.8 me 100g-1 of soil).

Download Full-text

Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk Dan Pembumbunan Terhadap Produksi Jagung( Zea mays L. )

JURNAL AGRI-TEK Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Eksakta ◽

10.33319/agtek.v20i1.45 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 12-22

Author(s):

Meiyana Hikmawati

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Factorial Design ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Research Use ◽

Treatment Combination ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Wet Weight

The objectives of this research is the effect of fertilizer dosag and embedding on the yield of corn (Zea mays L). The method of the research use factorial design based on the Randomized Block Design with two factors of treatment. The first factor was fertilizer dosag (without fertilizer (P0), fertilizer dosag 250 kg/ha (P1), fertilizer dosag 500kg/ha (P2)) and second factor was embedding (one time embedding at age 3 week (B1), two time embedding at age 3 and 6 week (B2), three time embedding at age 3, 6 and 9 week (B3)) and each kombination of treatment three times replicated. The result of the research : (1) There was interaction between fertilizer dosag and embedding for parameters 100 seeds wet weight and dry weight of 100 seeds. (2) The highest yield was treatment combination P2B3 (fertilizer dosag 500kg/ha and three time embedding at age 3, 6 and 9 week) for parameters 100 seeds wet weight and dry weight of 100 seeds .(3) The highest yield treatment fertilizer dosag treatment P2 500kg/ha and embedding treatment B3 two time embedding at age 3 and 6 week.

Download Full-text

Effect of drought stress and mycorrhizal dose on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.)

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/951/1/012067 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 951 (1) ◽

pp. 012067

Author(s):

Rusmana ◽

E P Ningsih ◽

A N Hikmah

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Stress Treatment ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Four Levels

Abstract This study aims to determine the effect of drought stress and mycorrhizal dose on the growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.). The research was done in the BPTP Banten Screen House and the Soil and Climate Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University starts from November 2020 until February 2021. This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) consisting of two factors. First factor was drought stress with four levels, namely k1 (100% FC), k2 (80% FC), k3 (60% FC), and k4 (40% FC) and second was the mycorrhizal dose with 3 levels, called m0 (0 g/pot), m1 (10 g/pot), and m2 (20 g/pot). There were 12 treatment combinations that were repeated 3 times in order to obtain 36 experimental units. The results showed that the drought stress treatment had a significant effect on maize plant height at 7 WAP of 174.22 cm, plant dry weight of 86.67 g, root dry weight of 21.67 g, and seed dry weight of 37 g. Drought stress of 40% FC can reduce the growth and yield of maize. The mycorrhizal dose treatment had no significant effect on the growth and yield of maize. The application of mycorrhizal dose of 20 g/pot tends to increase the growth and yield of maize. There was no interaction between drought stress treatment and mycorrhizal dose on growth and yield of maize.

Download Full-text