scholarly journals Green Accounting: A Primer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew N. O. Sadiku ◽  
Tolulope J. Ashaolu ◽  
Sunday S. Adekunte ◽  
Sarhan M. Musa
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Accounting ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Green Accounting ◽  
Long Run

Green or environmental accounting is a new branch of accounting that provides for accounting the environmental impact. Unlike conventional accounting, green accounting accounts for the environment and its well-being. It factors environmental costs into the financial results of operations. It accounts for long-run effects of economic activity on the environment. This primer provides a brief introduction to green accounting.

scholarly journals Conceptual Model for Integrating Environmental Impact in Managerial Accounting Information Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1791
Author(s):  
Sorina Geanina Stanescu ◽  
Ion Cucui ◽  
Constantin Aurelian Ionescu ◽  
Liliana Paschia ◽  
Mihaela Denisa Coman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Environmental Accounting ◽  
External Information ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Managerial Accounting ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Environmental Management Accounting

The main research objective is to develop a conceptual accounting model to reflect the environmental impact generated by the economic activity of Romania’s entities. In order to identify the current stage of the use of environmental accounting by the Romanian economic entities, the questionnaire used was based on a random sample of 377 entities whose economic activity has a significant impact on the environment. The results suggest the need to develop a model for integrating environmental impact into accounting. The model is based on the description of the technological process and determination of the environmental impact on each activity, stage, or procedure of the technological process, which enterprise will integrate its monetary value in the cost of production and will reflect it in the management accounting system, using specific environmental accounting instruments. The model involves five stages, and by combining internal and external information provided by environmental management accounting is a relevant source for substantiating decisions to promote environmental responsibility in Romanian companies.

Economic analysis of using green accounting and environmental accounting to identify environmental costs and sustainability indicators

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahdi Rounaghi
Keyword(s):  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Environmental Accounting ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Green Accounting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Service Companies ◽  
Ideal System ◽  
The Government ◽  
National Governments

Purpose Manufacturing and service companies are likely to make a variety of costs possible. Environmental costs are one of those costs. Environmental performance is one of the most important factors in assessing a company’s success. For environmental accounting, companies need to work together as teams of system designers, chemists, engineers, production managers, operators, employees, purchasing circle and accountants (those who may have never worked together before). Design/methodology/approach Nowadays, most of the companies are facing environmental issues and are seeking an appropriate way to report and disclose the information to the public. The environmental pollution issue is among the most important problems of today’s human society. Therefore, this is very important to use environmental accounting as an attempt towards protecting the environment. Findings Green accounting is a type of accounting that attempts to factor environmental costs into the financial results of operations. Apart from answering the question whether the economy has performed sustainably during one or more accounting periods, green accounting indicators [green gross domestic product (GDP)] can be used in policy formulation and evaluation. Green GDP calculations can contribute to raise awareness for sustainability concerns among national governments/policy-makers, who tend to concentrate on their countries’ fast economic development. Practical implications Environmental accounting can be applied to large and small companies in various industries, as well as in manufacturing or service sectors. Environmental accounting can be applied on a large or a smaller scale in a systematic manner for the required bases. Social implications Environmental accounting requires the collection of information from all the groups. People of various groups need to talk to each other to achieve a common vision and understanding of environmental accounting and to realize this vision. Originality/value Undoubtedly, to establish an ideal system of environmental accounting in the country, accountants can become a powerful forearm of the government regarding economical and financial controls. To achieve this goal, environmental accounting objectives and tasks should be identified and defined in detail, and the standards, rules and criteria should be grounded and codified based on reasonable and practical principles.

An Econometric Analysis on the Relationship between Globalisation and Inequality in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-89
Author(s):  
Jacques de Jongh
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Global Integration ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The World ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

Globalisation has had an unprecedented impact on the development and well-being of societies across the globe. Whilst the process has been lauded for bringing about greater trade specialisation and factor mobility many have also come to raise concerns on its impact in the distribution of resources. For South Africa in particular this has been somewhat of a contentious issue given the country's controversial past and idiosyncratic socio-economic structure. Since 1994 though, considerable progress towards its global integration has been made, however this has largely coincided with the establishment of, arguably, the highest levels of income inequality the world has ever seen. This all has raised several questions as to whether a more financially open and technologically integrated economy has induced greater within-country inequality (WCI). This study therefore has the objective to analyse the impact of the various dimensions of globalisation (economic, social and political) on inequality in South Africa. Secondary annual time series from 1990 to 2018 were used sourced from the World Bank Development indicators database, KOF Swiss Economic Institute and the World Inequality database. By using different measures of inequality (Palma ratios and distribution figures), the study employed two ARDL models to test the long-run relationships with the purpose to ensure the robustness of the results. Likewise, two error correction models (ECM) were used to analyse the short-run dynamics between the variables. As a means of identifying the casual effects between the variables, a Toda-Yamamoto granger causality analysis was utilised. Keywords: ARDL, Inequality, Economic Globalisation; Social Globalisation; South Africa

ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING FOR WASTE PROCESSING IN SITI AISYAH HOSPITAL LUBUKLINGGAU CITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Keyword(s):  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Environmental Accounting ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Administrative Costs ◽  
Government Accounting ◽  
Living Things ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Behavior

The concept of Green (environmental) Accounting (Kusumaningtias, 2013; Ratnaningsih et al., 2004; Suparmoko, 2005; Susilo, 2008) namely Environmental Accounting has actually begun to develop since the 1970s in Europe. However, until the mid 1990s, the concept of Environmental Accounting was not much spread. Based on the Constitution of The Republic of Indonesia Number 32 year 2009 concerning Protection and Management of the Environment, Environment is the unity of space with all objects, power, circumstances, and living things, including humans and behavior, which affect nature itself, sustainability and humans and other living things welfare. The focus of this study lies in the application of Environmental Accounting at Siti Aisyah Hospital in Lubuklinggau, based on Government Accounting Standards (SAP) Number 71 year 2010 on Waste Management (Government Accounting, 2011). The problem in this study is to find out whether the application of Environmental Accounting at Siti Aisyah Hospital is in accordance with the Government Standards. The results of this study have shown that Siti Aisyah Hospital in Lubuklinggau has implemented environmental cost accounting. These environmental costs are included in maintenance costs, but the hospital has not presented a specific report on Environmental Accounting in more detail. This hospital has carried out the process of identifying, measuring, recording, presenting, and also disclosing as already explained in Government Accounting Standards No. 71 year 2010, namely presenting environmental costs by including components of environmental costs on general and administrative costs. This hospital has also managed its waste properly and has also incurred environmental costs.

RESEARCH OF FEATURES OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC TRADE OF REGIONAL ECONOMY SERVICES

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Andrii ZAVHORODNII
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
General Situation ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Reduction Peak ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Export Dynamics

Abstract Introduction. Nowadays the foreign economic activity of the regions serves as a factor contributing to improving the population well-being, improving its life quality, as well as territory socio-economic development and increasing its competitiveness. The purpose of the article is to analyze the foreign trade in services at the regional level and to identify its features. Results. The comparative analysis of the services export dynamics was conducted in the studied regions for the period from 1996 to 2018: the periods of growth, reduction, peak values were identified, the leader – Odessa region was determined. At the same time, it is emphasized that due to the decrease in the indicator in Odessa region and the growth in the Mykolaiv region, the gap between them narrowed significantly for the period from 2012. The dynamics of the services import volume in the economy of the studied regions has been analyzed. Determination of the leader – Odessa region was done, the trends of dynamics for the studied period are considered. The dynamics calculation of the foreign trade balance in services in the Mykolayiv region is given. The calculation of the chain gains index of the services foreign trade balance in the Mykolaiv region is given, which indicates a considerable amplitude of fluctuations and reduction from 2014 to 2016. Results. The foreign trade balance in services in the studied areas was calculated and analyzed: the Odessa region was the leader before 2010. After in accordance with the services export dynamics in Odessa and Mykolaiv regions, their convergence to the actual equalization in 2018 is observed. The positive value of the balance in all the regions for the whole study period is noteworthy. The analysis makes it possible to confirm the significant dependence of the foreign regions economic activity of the Black Sea region on the general situation in the country with divergent tendencies of indicators changes, which allows to define it as heterogeneous. Keywords: foreign economic activity of the region, export, import, dynamics, regional foreign economic relations, foreign economic relations of the region.

From Help Giving to Helping Relations

2018 ◽  
pp. 464-488
Author(s):  
Arie Nadler
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Help Giving ◽  
Social Psychological Research ◽  
Practical Implications

This chapter reviews social psychological research on help giving and helping relations from the 1950s until today. The first section considers the conditions under which people are likely to help others, personality dispositions that characterize helpful individuals, and motivational and attributional antecedents of helpfulness. The second section looks at long-term consequences of help and examines help in the context of enduring and emotionally significant relationships. Research has shown that in the long run help can increase psychological and physical well-being for helpers but discourage self-reliance for recipients. The third section analyzes helping from intra- and intergroup perspectives, considering how its provision can contribute to helpers’ reputations within a group or promote the positive social identity of in-groups relative to out-groups. Help is thus conceptualized as a negotiation between the fundamental psychological needs for belongingness and independence. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals China’s plastic import ban increases prospects of environmental impact mitigation of plastic waste trade flow worldwide

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongguo Wen ◽  
Yiling Xie ◽  
Muhan Chen ◽  
Christian Doh Dinga
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Trade Flow ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Sharp Decline ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Waste Trade ◽  
Treatment Structure

AbstractSince the late 1990s, the trend of plastic waste shipment from developed to developing countries has been increasing. In 2017, China announced an unprecedented ban on its import of most plastic waste, resulting in a sharp decline in global plastic waste trade flow and changes in the treatment structure of countries, whose impacts on global environmental sustainability are enormous but yet unexamined. Here, through the life cycle assessment (LCA) method, we quantified the environmental impacts of changes in the flow patterns and treatment methods of 6 types of plastic waste in 18 countries subsequent to the ban. In the short term, the ban significantly improved four midpoint indicators of environmental impact, albeit contributed to global warming. An annual saving of about 2.35 billion euros of eco-cost was realized, which is equivalent to 56% of plastic waste global trade value in 2017. To achieve global environmental sustainability in the long run, countries should gradually realize the transition from export to domestic management, and from landfill to recycling, which would realize eco-costs savings of about 1.54–3.20 billion euros.

The Real Effects of Military Spending on Security

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd J. Dumas
Keyword(s):  
Military Spending ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Physical Security ◽  
Dead Weight ◽  
Economic Relationships ◽  
Real Effects ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run

AbstractThe indirect effects of military spending on security are stronger and more important than its direct effects, and its long run impact more telling than its short run impact. In the short run, military spending can be a source of both physical security and economic stimulus. In the long run, it can be counterproductive in terms of physical security and will be a dead weight on the economy. How a society’s productive resources are deployed, as between military spending and more economically productive activities, sets it on a long-term course with powerful implications for the ability of its economy to do what it is supposed to do – provide for the material well-being of the population as a whole. The mechanism by which the extensive and extended diversion of productive economic resources to economically unproductive military spending drags an economy down is analyzed. Furthermore, it is possible to use properly structured international and domestic economic relationships in place of threats or use of military force to increase national and international security, while at the same time enhancing, rather than degrading, economic wellbeing. Three principles for structuring such a “peacekeeping economy” are set forth.

Does Grit Matter to Employees’ Quality of Work Life and Quality of Life? The Case of the Korean Public Sector

2021 ◽  
pp. 009102602110127
Author(s):  
Min Young Kim ◽  
Hyo Joo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Employee Motivation ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Quality Of Work Life ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Long Run

To ensure the quality of the work done in the Korean career civil service system (which is characterized by stability, such as lifelong job security), the public sector must use methods to motivate their employees and improve their performance in the long run. In this study, we propose that grit, as a type of work motivation, can boost employee well-being (i.e., job satisfaction, job stress) and organizational outcomes (i.e., organizational commitment, performance). Therefore, the main objective of this study is to assess the validity of grit among public employees from a collectivist culture; to this end, we use the 2016 survey of Korean public officials ( N = 2,070). The results are as follows: (a) grit has a direct positive effect on quality of work life (QWL), (b) QWL can increase employee’s quality of life (QOL), and (c) professionalism and goal-oriented culture negatively and positively regulate grit and QWL. We also examined how employee motivation (e.g., grit) can enrich their QWL and QOL. Altogether, this study supports the argument that human resource (HR) managers should pay attention to grit. To achieve success, one needs not only some level of ability but also the zeal and capacity for hard labor, the latter two of which are considered to constitute grit. Given that, this research targeted grit in the Korean context—not the Western one—and examined its effects in the Korean public sector, where conscientiousness is emphasized.

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