scholarly journals THE ANALIZE OF THE FORMS OF GOVERNMENT AND THE PRACTICE OF GOOD GOVERNANCE FROM PLATO TO CONTEMPORANEITY

InterConf ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 186-201
Author(s):  
Svetlana Slusarenco ◽  
Veronica Pozneacova
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
State Power ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Ideal State ◽  
The Common

Plato is one of the brilliant philosophers of Antiquity. The thinker made a wide contribution in the philosophy, culture and politics. Plato was the first philosopher who researched the concept of state power and elaborated the mechanism of the changing of the forms of government. Plus, philosopher created the concept of ideal state, based on virtue and the tendency to achieve the common good. The thinker evaluated the position of man in society, his desires and aspirations. In this study, we aimed to analyze the process of the change of the forms of government in the Plato’s point of view, to identify the similarities and qualitative differences between forms of government analyzed by the great philosopher and to compare Plato’s and Aristotle’s doctrines that refers to the forms of government .

Climate Change and the Common Good: Some Reflections from the South African Context

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernst M. Conradie
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South African ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Theological Discourse ◽  
African Context ◽  
The Common ◽  
Christian Discourse ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThis article is based on the observation that any theological discourse is always from a particular location and a particular point of view, which is immediately recognized by others. At the same time, any (theological) discourse cannot escape the use of universals, of common categories that we need to communicate with others. We make constructions of the whole, of that which is common, albeit that we ineluctably make particular constructions of the whole. This poses particular challenges for discourse on the common good in the context of public theology. On this basis the article investigates a selection of ecclesial statements on climate change produced during the course of the year 2009 alone that are available in English. It focuses on how these statements handle the dilemma of speaking about the universal and the particular, given the moral ambiguities surrounding any Christian discourse on climate change. It argues that most of these documents are plagued with problems of reception; namely, whether the stipulated addressees would actually receive and read the documents, let alone respond to them appropriately.

scholarly journals (De)constructing ethics for autonomous cars: A case study of Ethics Pen-Testing towards “AI for the Common Good”

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Berendt
Keyword(s):  
Requirements Engineering ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Problem Definition ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Autonomous Cars ◽  
The Common

Recently, many AI researchers and practitioners have embarked on research visions that involve doing AI for “Good”. This is part of a general drive towards infusing AI research and practice with ethical thinking. One frequent theme in current ethical guidelines is the requirement that AI be good for all, or: contribute to the Common Good. But what is the Common Good, and is it enough to want to be good? Via four lead questions, the concept of Ethics Pen-Testing (EPT) identifies challenges and pitfalls when determining, from an AI point of view, what the Common Good is and how it can be enhanced by AI. The current paper reports on a first evaluation of EPT. EPT is applicable to various artefacts that have ethical impact, including designs for or implementations of specific AI technology, and requirements engineering methods for eliciting which ethical settings to build into AI. The current study focused on the latter type of artefact. In four independent sessions, participants with close but varying involvements in “AI and ethics” were asked to deconstruct a method that has been proposed for eliciting ethical values and choices in autonomous car technology, an online experiment modelled on the Trolley Problem. The results suggest that EPT is well-suited to this task: the remarks made by participants lent themselves well to being structured by the four lead questions of EPT, in particular, regarding the question what the problem is and about which stakeholders define it. As part of the problem definition, the need became apparent for thorough technical domain knowledge in discussions of AI and ethics. Thus, participants questioned the framing and the presuppositions inherent in the experiment and the discourse on autonomous cars that underlies the experiment. They transitioned from discussing a specific AI artefact to discussing its role in wider socio-technical systems. Results also illustrate to what extent and how the requirements engineering method forces us to not only have a discussion about which values to “build into” AI systems, the substantive building blocks of the Common Good, but also about how we want to have this discussion at all. Thus, it forces us to become explicit about how we conceive of democracy and the constitutional state and the procedural building blocks of the Common Good.

A Life of Good Governance, Positive Activism, Accountability & Integrated Thinking: An Interview with Mervyn King

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Ghio ◽  
Nicholas McGuigan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Corporate Governance ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Common

This paper provides a critical discussion of integrated thinking, accountability, and corporate governance through an explorative interview with global corporate governance expert and positive activist Mervyn King. In a period in which the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are encouraging organizations to be connected and accountable to society and the environment, Mervyn King’s groundbreaking global corporate governance vision highlights how organizations may develop a “conscious leadership” to pursue the common good.

scholarly journals Distributive Energy Justice and the Common Good

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
Anders Melin
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Capabilities Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Common ◽  
Energy Justice ◽  
Important Basis

Recently, philosophers and social scientists have shown increased interest in questions of social, global, and intergenerational distributive justice related to energy production and consumption. However, so far there have been only a few attempts to analyse questions of distributive energy justice from a religious point of view, which should be considered a lack since religions are an important basis of morality for a large part of the world’s population. In this article, I analyse issues of distributive energy justice from a Christian theological viewpoint by employing the Catholic common good tradition as a theoretical framework. First, I present and argue for a global and ecological interpretation of the Catholic common good tradition. Then I analyse the implications of such an interpretation on questions of distributive energy justice, focusing on the view of property rights within the Catholic common good tradition. I conclude that, in comparison with Nussbaum’s liberal capabilities approach, the common good tradition provides stronger reasons for individuals and groups in more economically developed countries to share their resources and knowledge with individuals and groups in less economically developed countries.

scholarly journals PERKAWINAN BEDA AGAMA DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN ANAK DI DESA WONOREJO KABUPATEN SITUBONDO

Fenomena ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-266
Author(s):  
Muhaiminah Darajat
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Interfaith Marriage ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The Future ◽  
Interfaith Marriages ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Religious Differences

Manusia adalah makluk sosial yang tidak mungkin bisa hidup tanpa bantuan orang lain. Karena itu, ia hidup bermasyarakat dan mengembangkan kebudayaan serta peradaban untuku kepentingan bersama. Maka pernikahan merupakan jalan dalam bersosialisasi dengan manusia lainnya. Akan tetapi jika pernikahan dihadapkan pada masalah perbedaan terutama perbedaan agama maka hal ini menjadi rumit untuk menjalankan roda kehidupan kedepan. Sebab, jika sudah memiliki anak maka hal ini dapat menimbulkan kegoncangan pada diri anak. Ia akan ragu untuk memilih antara agama ayah atau ibunya. Islam sangat jelas sekali dalam mengatur hal ini. Penelitian kualitatif deskriptif ini, bermaksud untuk mengungkap hasil dari pada pernikahan beda agama tersebut, yaitu dampak Pernikahan antar agama bagi kelangsungan pendidikan anak desa Wonorejo Kabupaten Situbondo. Dari studi penelitian yang ada terungkap bahwa Pernikahan antar agama bagaimanapun tetap merugikan, terlebih bila dipandang dari sudut pedagogis, sebab secara tidak langsung berarti sudah mempersiapkan lingkungan yang kurang baik bagi kedua belah pihak (pasangan dan keluarganya masing-masing) serta bagi kelangsungan pendidikan anak-anaknya. Social creatures, that's humans who cannot possibly live without the help of others. Therefore, he lives in society and develops culture and civilization for the common good. So marriage is a way of socializing with other humans. However, if marriage is faced with the problem of differences, especially religious differences, it becomes complicated to run the wheel of life in the future. Because, if you already have children, this can cause shock in the child. He will hesitate to choose between the religion of his father or mother. Islam is very clear in regulating this. This descriptive qualitative research, intends to reveal the results of the interfaith marriage, namely the impact of interfaith marriage for the continuity of education for the children of Wonorejo village, Situbondo City. From existing research studies, it is revealed that interfaith marriages are still detrimental, especially when viewed from a pedagogical point of view, because it indirectly means that they have prepared an unfavorable environment for both parties (spouse and their respective families) as well as for the continuity of children's education. his son.

scholarly journals AI for the Common Good?! Pitfalls, challenges, and ethics pen-testing

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Berendt
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Social Good ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Abstract Level ◽  
The Common ◽  
Positive Recommendation

AbstractRecently, many AI researchers and practitioners have embarked on research visions that involve doing AI for “Good”. This is part of a general drive towards infusing AI research and practice with ethical thinking. One frequent theme in current ethical guidelines is the requirement that AI be good for all, or: contribute to the Common Good. Butwhat is the Common Good, and is it enough to want to be good? Via four lead questions, I will illustrate challenges and pitfallswhen determining, from an AI point of view,what the Common Good is and how it can be enhanced by AI. The questions are: What is the problem / What is a problem?, Who defines the problem?, What is the role of knowledge?, and What are important side effects and dynamics? The illustration will use an example from the domain of “AI for Social Good”, more specifically “Data Science for Social Good”. Even if the importance of these questions may be known at an abstract level, they do not get asked sufficiently in practice, as shown by an exploratory study of 99 contributions to recent conferences in the field. Turning these challenges and pitfalls into a positive recommendation, as a conclusion I will draw on another characteristic of computer-science thinking and practice to make these impediments visible and attenuate them: “attacks” as a method for improving design. This results in the proposal of ethics pen-testing as a method for helping AI designs to better contribute to the Common Good.

scholarly journals Effects of Gender and Performance: the Spanish Firms and the Economy for the Common Good

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Amparo Maset-Llaudes ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
The Common ◽  
And Performance ◽  
A Company

Firm performance has traditionally been evaluated on the basis of financial results; if a company achieved a profit or managed to increase profit levels, this was believed to indicate that it was doing well. However, it is now considered advisable to focus not only on the purely economic aspects of organizations, but also to assess the effects of a firm's actions from an environmental and social point of view.

scholarly journals Impacto Educacional da Pesquisa

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (97) ◽  
pp. 233-240
Author(s):  
Marcelo de Souza Bispo ◽  
Eduardo Paes Barreto Davel
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Common Good ◽  
Educational Vision ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common

Abstract To think about the impacts of academic research on education is to think dynamically: education affects the ways of doing research (from the point of view of formal education) and is affected by research results that are little predictable and perceived due to constant negotiations among social actors in their daily socializations in different contexts. Management education (formal, non-formal and informal) affects and is affected by conflicting views of the world, which are produced within the field of management itself and whose impact as “beneficial” is not just a matter oriented primarily by economic, instrumental and financial aspects, but also for a negotiated understanding of the world that moves towards the common good. All research must be concerned with its power to affect educational vision and practice, directly or indirectly. How can this concern become perennial and central to the practice of academic research?

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