scholarly journals Rebuilding Home Around Hardened Borders

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melody Yunzi Li
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Chinese Literature ◽  
Hate Crimes ◽  
The State ◽  
Chinese Diaspora ◽  
Sense Of Home

Anti-Chinese sentiment and sinophobia have arisen as one of the current corona virus’s most serious side effects. These conditions have challenged the Chinese diasporic community’s sense of home. Far from mere diversion in a time of turmoil, Chinese literature has the power to disrupt state narratives and contest polarising claims from politicians. Online literature during the pandemic has not been limited to the Chinese diaspora, and its themes have not been limited to hate crimes. Online literature in the diaspora and in China debunks grand narratives set by the state, and provides a sense of nonphysical homecoming for them. Like these Chinese diasporic writers, we too can find our belonging with each other virtually.

A Special Intermittence and Continuity in Local History: The Chinese Diaspora and Their Hometown in Battlefield Quemoy during 1949-1960s

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiang Bo-wei
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Local History ◽  
The State ◽  
Chinese Diaspora ◽  
Overseas Chinese ◽  
Military Rule ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Community Power ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract From 1949, Quemoy became the battlefront between the warring Nationalists and Communists as well as the frontline between Cold War nations. Under military rule, social and ideological control suppressed the community power of traditional clans and severed their connection with fellow countrymen living abroad. For 43 long years up until 1992, Quemoy was transformed from an open hometown of the Chinese diaspora into a closed battlefield and forbidden zone. During the war period, most of the Quemoy diasporic Chinese paid close attention to the state of their hometown including the security of their family members and property. In the early 1950s, they tried to keep themselves informed of the situation in Quemoy through any available medium and build up a new channel of remittances. Furthermore, as formal visits of the overseas Chinese were an important symbol of legitimacy for the KMT, Quemoy emigrants had been invited by the military authority to visit their hometown since 1950. This was in fact the only channel for the Chinese diaspora to go home. Using official files, newspapers and records of oral histories, this article analyzes the relationship between the Chinese diaspora and the battlefield, Quemoy, and takes a look at the interactions between family and clan members of the Chinese diaspora during 1949-1960s. It is a discussion of a special intermittence and continuity of local history.

Art. XXVI.—1. Tchao-chi-kou-eul, ou l'Orphelin de la Chine, Drame en Prose et en Vers, suivi de Mélanges de Littérature Chinoise, traduits par S. Julien, Membre de l'Institut. Paris, 1834. 8vo. 2. Pe-shi-tsing-ki: Blanche et Bleue, ou les deux Couleuvres Fées; Roman Chinois, traduit par S. Julien. Paris, 1834. 8vo

1834 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-321
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Literature ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
The State ◽  
Chinese School ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Directing Attention

M. Stanislas Julien, the worthy successor of the lamented Abel Remusát, has commenced his career as professor of Chinese literature by publishing translations of some of the popular tales that best illustrate the habits of thought and action which prevail in the celestial empire. As ours is not exactly a critical journal, we shall not offer any opinion on the merits of these works; but in pursuance of our plan of diffusing information on oriental subjects, we shall offer to our readers such abstracts and specimens of the several tales as may serve to illustrate the character of the Chinese school of fiction, and, consequently, the state of the Chinese mind—for popular tales may justly be regarded as the personification of popular principles, Want of space rather than inclination prevents us from examining, at the same time, the professor's specimens of the Chinese drama; but as he proposes soon to translate some additional plays, we shall have another opportunity of directing attention to the subject. We shall at present confine ourselves to the romances, and we shall preserve the French orthography of proper names, as we are about to give only the outlines, not the translations of the tales.

Online Hate Crimes Against Women (CYBER VAWG)

2020 ◽  
pp. 591-605
Author(s):  
Tehmina Khan
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Hate Crimes ◽  
The State ◽  
Meaning Potential ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
System Changes ◽  
Crimes Against Women

In this article, a review of Cyber VAWG is provided with its meaning, potential impacts, the state of legislation to address Cyber VAWG, and recommendations to improve processes and systems to tackle Cyber VAWG. A literature review of academic and nonacademic literature has been undertaken. It is found that legislation and enforcement are still in infancy and there are currently complexities and barriers that are discouraging the reporting of Cyber VAWG. The article serves as a starting point for further research which should address the actual implementation of legislative and system changes to avoid and punish (in cases where it does occur) Cyber VAWG.

Assessment of the Chinese Literature for Nursing Informatics Education Initiatives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siri Liu ◽  
Tao Zheng ◽  
Jinbo Fang ◽  
Jialin Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Chinese Literature ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
The State ◽  
Nursing Informatics ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Research Themes ◽  
Education Initiatives

The purpose of this study is to understand the state of the literature on nursing informatics education in Mainland China. We used the CNKI database (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) to extract all papers of nursing informatics education from 2009 to 2018. 20 high-frequency keywords, a co-word matrix, and three research themes were conducted on the 18 papers. These results can be used to improve our understanding of nursing informatics education in Mainland China.

scholarly journals Action-Centered Information Retrieval

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-272
Author(s):  
MARCELLO BALDUCCINI ◽  
EMILY C. LEBLANC
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Answer Set Programming ◽  
The State ◽  
Semantic Level ◽  
Action Language ◽  
The World ◽  
Answer Set

AbstractInformation retrieval (IR) aims at retrieving documents that are most relevant to a query provided by a user. Traditional techniques rely mostly on syntactic methods. In some cases, however, links at a deeper semantic level must be considered. In this paper, we explore a type of IR task in which documents describe sequences of events, and queries are about the state of the world after such events. In this context, successfully matching documents and query requires considering the events’ possibly implicit uncertain effects and side effects. We begin by analyzing the problem, then propose an action language-based formalization, and finally automate the corresponding IR task using answer set programming.

The Specters of Citizenship

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy L. Brandzel
Keyword(s):  
Hate Crime ◽  
Hate Crimes ◽  
State Violence ◽  
The State ◽  
Police Brutality ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Hate Crime Legislation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Crime Legislation ◽  
Social Level

This chapter examines the violent maintenance of citizenship through the police state, and the uses of hate crime legislation to both name and disallow any recognition of this violence. The intervention into how we understand citizenship to be violently organized functions at two interconnected levels, that is, at the structural level of state violence, and at the social level of identity categories. At the level of the state, hate crime legislation offers us important information on how the violence of citizenship is managed, controlled, and directed. At the structural level of the state, the chapter adds to left critiques of hate crime legislation by unpacking how these laws are used to create a dangerous discontinuum, in which hate crimes are marked as individualized errors, while police brutality is systemically assuaged. By examining the machinations of hate crime legislation at these two levels, it is argued that hate crime legislation works, simultaneously, to recognize and deny: (1) the violence of citizenship; and (2) the fear that the oppressed will seek revenge and retaliate for this experience by using violence themselves.

Hate Crime Victimization Data in Pennsylvania: A Useful Complement to the Uniform Crime Reports

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Barry Ruback ◽  
Andrew S. Gladfelter ◽  
Brendan Lantz
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Hate Crime ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hate Crimes ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
The State ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Crime Victimization ◽  
Uniform Crime Reports ◽  
Crime Reports

Data on the incidence and prevalence of hate crimes in the United States come primarily from the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR). Although UCR data undercount most crimes, hate crimes are particularly underreported, especially for some groups. We compare 2000–2011 UCR data in Pennsylvania to data from a state agency that came from police, media, and citizen reports. First, we find that the state-agency database is generally consistent with the UCR data, in terms of absolute counts, correlations, and predictors. Second, we find that UCR data underestimate hate crime rates by a factor of about 1.6 overall and by a factor of 2.5 for rural areas. Moreover, although UCR data on hate crimes show a decrease in the most recent 5-year period, the state agency data show that hate crime incident counts have not dropped. We suggest that using a broader index that includes both the UCR and a database like that in Pennsylvania will give a more complete picture of hate crime.

Expletive Negation

2020 ◽  
pp. 254-268
Author(s):  
Denis Delfitto
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Incremental Analysis ◽  
Negative Concord ◽  
What Is Said ◽  
Pragmatic Enrichment ◽  
Temporal Clauses ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter provides the state-of-the-art around expletive negation (EN), by discussing: (i) the relationship between EN and negative concord; (ii) EN as a real negation; (iii) EN as a special formative linked to an additional evaluative/expressive layer in the semantics of language. Moreover, the chapter offers a potentially unifying analysis of EN in comparative, exclamative, and temporal clauses: EN as an operator of implicature denial. This approach derives the fact that EN is logically and compositionally independent from what is said from the fact that EN shifts the semantics of negation to the layer of implicated meaning. Some of the interpretive effects normally linked to the expressive/evaluative analysis of EN can be arguably derived as side-effects of this semantic analysis. The proposal advanced here has a number of implications regarding the relationship among morpho-syntax, pragmatic enrichment, and the non-incremental analysis of negation in theories of negation processing.

scholarly journals Parameterised notions of computation

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 335-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT ATKEY
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Programming Languages ◽  
Large Range ◽  
The State ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Inputs And Outputs

AbstractMoggi's Computational Monads and Poweret al.'s equivalent notion of Freyd category have captured a large range of computational effects present in programming languages. Examples include non-termination, non-determinism, exceptions, continuations, side effects and input/output. We present generalisations of both computational monads and Freyd categories, which we callparameterisedmonads andparameterisedFreyd categories, that also capture computational effects with parameters. Examples of such are composable continuations, side effects where the type of the state varies and input/output where the range of inputs and outputs varies. By considering structured parameterisation also, we extend the range of effects to cover separated side effects and multiple independent streams of I/O. We also present two typed λ-calculi that soundly and completely model our categorical definitions – with and without symmetric monoidal parameterisation – and act as prototypical languages with parameterised effects.

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