scholarly journals Consumer Purchasing Behaviour and Neuromarketing in The Context of Gender Differences

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Robert STEFKO ◽  
Anna TOMKOVA ◽  
Jana KOVALOVA ◽  
Ivana ONDRIJOVA
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Shopping Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Part ◽  
Purchasing Behaviour ◽  
And Gender

The paper, in the theoretical part, deals with the issue of neuromarketing and gender differences in the context of shopping behavior. The main goal is to identify statistically significant differences in the evaluation of consumer shopping behavior and neuromarketing in the context of gender equality.

scholarly journals Gender Equality and Gender Difference in Team ­Coverage – Lessons From the Ice Hockey Rink

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Medical Professional ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
National Team ◽  
And Gender

Covering all female sports teams poses particular challenges. Since the Title IX established in the U.S. in 1972 ensuring that men and women have equitable participation opportunities, as well as access to scholarships in sport programs, and since UNESCO recognized sports and physical activity as a human right in 1978, the world and the global sports communities have come a long way in pursuing gender equality in sports. However, gender equality in sports does not mean that gender differences shouldn’t be researched or considered while developing training plans and programs, and in the prevention and treatment of disease and injury. Indeed, there is undeniably plenty of scientific evidence that sex and gender differences play a major role when it comes to disease risks and symptoms, injury patterns and frequency, and also in regards to response to treatments. The covering medical professional needs to appreciate these facts and include them into his decision making process. Based on experience as a team doctor for female athletes on the national team, I propose three levels that must be considered when addressing gender and sex differences in team coverage, namely 1) the psychosocial level, 2) the epidemiological level, and 3) the individual level concerning the female body.

scholarly journals Erratum

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 546-546
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Married Men ◽  
And Gender

Levav, I., Gilboa, S. & Ruiz, F. ‘Demoralization and gender differences in a kibbutz’ (Vol. 21, pp. 1019–1028). On page 1022, the first sentence of the Results section should read ‘The findings refer to (1) the extent to which the kibbutz succeeded in achieving gender equality; and (2) the test of the psychosocial hypotheses’. On page 1023 under the heading Marital status the second sentence should read ‘Additionally, married men (TV = 136) had the second lowest mean scores, 0–90’.

scholarly journals Relationship of gender differences in preferences to economic development and gender equality

Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 362 (6412) ◽  
pp. eaas9899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Falk ◽  
Johannes Hermle
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Social Resources ◽  
Equal Access ◽  
Negative Reciprocity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of

Preferences concerning time, risk, and social interactions systematically shape human behavior and contribute to differential economic and social outcomes between women and men. We present a global investigation of gender differences in six fundamental preferences. Our data consist of measures of willingness to take risks, patience, altruism, positive and negative reciprocity, and trust for 80,000 individuals in 76 representative country samples. Gender differences in preferences were positively related to economic development and gender equality. This finding suggests that greater availability of and gender-equal access to material and social resources favor the manifestation of gender-differentiated preferences across countries.

scholarly journals Measuring Gender Role Attitudes in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 237802312110577
Author(s):  
Charles Crabtree ◽  
Kiho Muroga
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Gender Role Attitudes ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Politics And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Cross National

What explains gender discrimination in Japan? While Japan ranks near the worst among advanced democracies in nearly all cross-national gender equality rankings, we know little about the attitudes that drive disparate outcomes between men and women. To address this need, the authors develop, introduce, and validate the first measure of gender role attitudes in Japan, the Gender Role Scale. Using data from a large, national, quota-based sample of 2,389 Japanese conducted in March 2020, the authors visualize the subcomponents of Gender Role Scale, showing cross-gender differences in attitudes. The findings extend the large literature on politics and gender and provide a measure for reuse in Japan and for extension to other countries that lag behind in women’s empowerment.

scholarly journals Is it possible to achieve gender equality in Kazakhstan: Focus on employment and social protection

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-20
Author(s):  
Zhanna Khamzina ◽  
Yermek Buribayev ◽  
Yerkin Yermukanov ◽  
Aizhan Alshurazova
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Career Growth ◽  
International Obligations ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Systemic Discrimination

International ratings confirm that Kazakhstan is a leader in Central Asia in addressing the causes of gender inequality; however, there are still significant gender differences in key areas. In particular, gender discrimination in the labor market is complex: when hiring or dismissing, while restricting access to certain professions and positions, in matters of promotion and career growth, when remuneration is paid for performing the same work, not related to differences in labor efficiency. Discrimination is especially sensitive in relation to pregnant women and women with young children. Discrimination continues with access to social measures for avoiding poverty and in the pension system. Further progress requires more strategically significant and focused actions to identify and bridge the remaining factors of systemic discrimination and gender gaps. In the article, we show the insufficient attention of the legal science of Kazakhstan to the problems of regulation of equality. We present the author’s methodology for analyzing labor and social legislation from the perspective of regulating gender equality, consisting of several assessments: Kazakhstan’s fulfillment of international obligations; implementation of the principle of nondiscrimination in labor and social legislation; administrative and judicial mechanisms to protect against discrimination based on sex; and opportunities for implementing best foreign and international practices for the regulation of equality.

scholarly journals GENDER DALAM TAFSIR JAWA (STUDI ATAS TAFSIR AL-HUDĀ KARYA BAKRI SYAHID)

QOF ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-93
Author(s):  
Suci Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Bias ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
Gender Construction ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
The Creation ◽  
And Gender

This article examined the interpretation of several verses in Tafsir al-Huda by Bakri Syahid, major in relation to gender issues. There are several themes studied, such as: the rewards of deeds of charity, the origin of the creation of man, polygamy, inheritance formula 1: 2, and leadership in the household. In this study, the author tried to understand the interpretation of Bakri with the interpretive-hermeneutical approach. This approach aims to describe and analyze the interpretation of the figures against the verses of the Qur'ān discussed in the theme of gender construction. The Qur'an interpretation that has been done by ulama can not be separated from the conditions of social culture surround them. It's called prior text. Tafsir al-Hudā, the interpretation of Bakri's work is one of them. His interpretation is influenced by Javanese culture, beside his military and his work as academics. It seems when he interpreted verses about woman in the Qur'an, Bakri accommodated the culture for woman and man in Java. In addition, the writer analyzed the existence of gender bias or not in their interpretation by using gender equality theory Mansour Fakih. This theory suggests that gender racism and gender differences manifest in five ways: a) subordination, b) marginalization, c) stereotypes, d) violence, and e) double burden. In the first three interpretations (the rewards of deeds of deeds, the origins of human creation, and polygamy), Bakri seems to carry equality. While two other things (in terms of inheritance formula 1: 2 and household leadership), the interpretation appears to contain subordination and marginalization of women.

scholarly journals Theoretical principles of gender approach implementation in the educational process of modern educational establishments

2021 ◽  
Vol IX(253) (45) ◽  
pp. 77-79
Author(s):  
L. P. Karnaukh
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

The article was dedicated to highlighting the views of modern researchers on the problem of gender approach implementing in the conditions of the activities of preschool educational establishments. The author of the study substantiated the purposefulness of applying a gender approach in the educational process as a mechanism for achieving gender equality and establishing opportunities of equal value for self-realization of each personality. The essential characteristics of the gender approach making provision for the orientation on neutralization and mitigation of the difference between the sexes, gender stereotypes; taking into account the social-and-gender differences between children; promotion of activities meeting the interests of the individual regardless of gender were revealed

scholarly journals The gender gap in welfare state attitudes in Europe: The role of unpaid labour and family policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-466
Author(s):  
Mikael Goossen
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Family Policy ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Unpaid Labour ◽  
And Gender

Previous research has shown a prevailing ‘modern gender gap’ in socio-political attitudes in advanced capitalist economies. While numerous studies have confirmed gender differences in attitudes towards the welfare state in Europe, few have addressed the reason for this rift in men’s and women’s views about the role of government in ensuring the general welfare of citizens. In this article, I examine the relationship between gender equality in unpaid labour, family policy and the gender gap in welfare state attitudes. Based on data from 21 countries participating in the European Social Survey (ESS) Round 4, and using a mix of country- and individual-level regression models and multilevel models, I find that there is a clear relationship between country-level gender equality in unpaid labour and gender differences in support of an encompassing welfare state. A more equal distribution of unpaid care and domestic work correlates with women being increasingly supportive of a large and encompassing welfare state, in comparison with men. This pattern holds when controlling for individual-level economic risk and resources, cultural factors such as trust and social values traditionally related to the support of an encompassing welfare state, and beliefs about welfare state efficiency and consequences for society in general. This pattern is evident for countries with a low level of familistic policies, while no distinguishable pattern is discernible for highly familistic countries. These findings have implications for the perception of gender as an emergent social cleavage with respect to welfare state attitudes. The results are discussed in the light of institutional theories on policy feedback, familism, social role theory and previous findings relating to modernization theory and ‘gender realignment’.

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