scholarly journals Economic analysis of rabbit production: On farm research approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-236
Author(s):  
L. O. Okojie ◽  
I. A. Ayinde ◽  
A. O. Alli
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Farm Survey ◽  
Rabbit Meat ◽  
On Farm

Many studies have justified rabbit production as a desirable and profitable venture. Most of these research investigations projected their results based on data collected through farm surveys that greatly relied on the memory recall capabilities of the respondents. These data apart from being prone to biasedness, may not be too insightful as to depict the true situation on ground. It is on this premise that this study was conceived to ascertain the cost and revenue structure as well as the profitability and efficiency of rabbit production, through actual production process using On-farm Research Approach the findings of the study were then compared with a similar one that made use of data collection through farm survey. Three does and one buck were used as start-off for the on farm research using the prevalent small scale traditional backyard method of rabbit production. Two cycles of production were monitored and used to project five cycle which is the average for subsistent rabbit production in the tropics. The results re-emphasize rabbit production as a profit and efficient productive venture. Two hours of labour time was found to be necessary to produce 1 kg of rabbit meat. The rate of return to investment was found to be 152% (that is, ₦1.52 return to every ₦1.00 invested). That for fixed cost was 1299% (that is ₦12.99 return to every ₦1.00 incurred on fixed asset) while the rate of return on variable cost was 274.5% that is ₦12.75 return to every: ₦1.00 invested on variable inputs). These were quite higher when compared with a similar research investigation that depended on farm survey. The technical data derived from this indicate that technical data are more efficient and dependable in determining production outcomes on the filed relative to survey data. As a result of this, on farm research was thus suggested as a way by which correct information on cost, returns and profitability of agricultural production could be obtained especially for baseline data collection.

scholarly journals INVESTMENT PROSPECTS IN INTEGRATED FISH CUM POULTRY FARMING SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-180
Author(s):  
Y. Akegbejo-Samsons ◽  
I. T. Omoniyi ◽  
F. I. Adeosun
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Poultry Farming

The study examined the feasibility of a small scale integrated fish cum poultry farming project utilizing concrete tank of 4 x 4.8x3.5m. 900 post fingerlings of Clarias gariepinus (52 2.7g) were stocked in 3 concrete tanks at the rate of 1fish per 5m2 and fed diets containing 38% (Diet 1). 33% (Diet 2) and 31% (Diet 3) crude protein levels. Three battery cages containing 15 laying birds were installed on each tank. The birds were fed with layer mash (CP 18%) while the fish were fed with 300kg of fresh maggots and pelleted feed. At the end of 213days, growth response and nutrient utilization of fish were based on Average daily weight gain, (DWG 4.48) relative growth rate (RGR 1834.27) and specific growth rate (SGR 1.39). Final weight ranged from 949.2g to 963.2g. Daily weight ranged from 4.46g to 4.52g. Feed cost for fish was drastically reduced while revenue from poultry was significantly increased. The profitability analysis of the operation showed that table size Charias production generated return to investment of 31.19%, a rate of return on fixed cost 163.79% and a rate of return on variable cost of (161.07). The financial analysis reveals a viable investment.

scholarly journals Small-Scale Turkey Farming in Bangladesh: Farming Practices, Profitability and Supply Chain Mapping

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. p28
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdur Rashid ◽  
M Rasheduzzaman ◽  
MSK Sarker ◽  
S Faruque ◽  
Md Salauddin Palash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Commercial Purpose

The study was conducted to know the existing turkey production system, supply chain mapping, and identifying the prospects and problems of turkey rearing in some selected areas of Bangladesh during October 2019 to December 2019. A total of 100 turkey raisers were surveyed following convenience method of sampling technique. The primary data were collected, analyzed accordingly and tabular presentation method was applied with the help of simple descriptive statistical measures e.g. frequency distributions, percentage, sum and means to illustrating the results. Profitability analysis was done on the basis of variable cost, fixed cost, return by using arithmetic means and percentages. The study revealed that 87 male and 13 female respondents were surveyed, of them cent percent found educated. About 56% turkey keeper’s main occupation was business, 27% service and 12% in farming while 88.57% involved with farming as secondary sources of income. Average landholding for homestead, cultivable and non-cultivable was 24.40, 129.71 and 29.47 decimal, respectively. About 59% farms started for commercial purpose, 32% for non-commercial purpose and 9% for both. About 60% respondents kept less than 50 turkeys and only 2% kept 501-1000 turkeys. Among the surveyed farms55% stopped their operation and 45% farms found running their business. Among the running farms cent percent were small-scale group. The average feed intake was 192.13 grams per day per bird at 20 weeks of age. Turkey laid on an average 139 eggs a year irrespective of variety and for hatching poults, the fertility and hatchability rate found between 65 to 100% and 50 to 90%, respectively. About 28% farmers experienced the deaths of turkey because of Cold, Pox, Ranikhet, Bird flu and unknown cases and 69.47% farmers took veterinary advice from Upazila Livestock Hospital and rest from other sources. Farmers to consumers were the most common and widely used marketing channel for egg, chick and adult turkey. The market intermediaries of turkey farm carried out different marketing functions e.g. buying and selling, pricing, transportation, sorting, distribution and market information. The average net return and benefit-cost ratio was BDT 127838.04 and 1.38, respectively for 50 turkeys per year. In the study, turkey rearing found some comparative benefit over chicken and ducks e.g. higher weight gain, forage eater, lower diseases rate and suitability for the country. The main problem of turkey rearing identified as market instability, lack of quality turkey feed, higher feed price, lack of proper marketing facility and training on turkey farming. In conclusion, the small-scale turkey farming could be a viable source of income for the rural people of Bangladesh after taking some remedial steps by the Government of Bangladesh for the aforesaid hindrances faced by the turkey farmers.

scholarly journals Waste management practices and profitability analysis of poultry farming in Mymensingh district: A socioeconomic study

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Manasi Modak ◽  
Emdadul Haque Chowdhury ◽  
M Saidur Rahman ◽  
M Nahid Sattar
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Poultry Waste ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Poultry Farming

Poultry manure is a hazard to the environment and health due to the release of toxic substances as well as pathogenic microorganisms. The present study was undertaken to assess the current scenario of poultry waste management considering its social as well as environmental and health hazards. A questionnaire based survey was conducted in 36 commercial poultry farms (which included 15 broiler, 14 layer, 3 cockerel and 4 mixed farms) in Mymensingh district from February to June 2016. Most of the broiler and layer farms had between 500 to 2000 birds, while most of the cockerel farms had between 3000 to 4000 birds. The study showed that 69 percent of the poultry farmers were unaware of the health and environmental problems of the poultry waste. Majority of the small scale farmers disposed their droppings to fish ponds (31 percent) and agricultural farms (16 percent) directly, while only 6 percent farmers used those droppings in biogas plant. However, 53 percent farmers had knowledge about hygienic handling of poultry dropping, although only 19 percent of them used protective gloves during dropping handling. The profitability analysis revealed that average variable cost and fixed cost per farm per year were TK. 2,17,355 and TK. 3,93,106, respectively. The benefit cost ratio per farm per year poultry farming was 1.55. Considering the findings, it is suggested that proper poultry waste management could be highly beneficial for the farmers. On the other hand, improper dispose of poultry litter could be a cause for social, environmental and public health hazard. J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 17(1): 50–57, March 2019

scholarly journals ECONOMICS OF RABBIT PRODUCTION IN ABEOKUTA SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OGUN STATE NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
I. A. AYINDE ◽  
A. B. AROMOLARAN
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Profitability Analysis ◽  
Part Time

This study was aimed at examining the economic profitability of rabbit production based on the hypothesis that the low level of production may likely be a consequence of low profitability of the enterprise. Abeokuta South Local Government area was used as a case study. It involved the collection of primary data from a sample of 50 rabbit farmers spread over 10 communities in Abeokuta South Local Government Area of Ogun State. The analysis of survey data was done through a combination of descriptive statistical analysis. The results showed that most rabbit farmers in Abeokuta were no-professional farmers, who engaged in rabbit production on a part-time basis to supplement their income from other sources such as civil services, trading and craftsmanship. Cost analysis showed that feed cost accounted for as much as 65.7% of total cost (excluding imputed cost of family labour), while fixed inputs amounted to 28% of the cost of production. Other variable inputs accounted for only 4.35% of total cost. The profitability analysis showed that rabbit production in the area could generate a rate of return to capital and family of 56% a rate of return on fixed cost of 300% and a rate of returns on variable cost of 178%. The study concluded that; Even though rabbit production is economically viable in Abeokuta in particular and Ogun State in general, the following problems have imposed a severe limitations on the expansion of the enterprise. These are: the paucity of investment capital among the current investors in rabbit production enterprise, inadequate access to good breeding stock, and the non-professional, part-time and supplementary nature of rabbit production in the area. It is therefore recommended that efforts should be directed towards providing credit to current and potential rabbit farmers so as to boost production. Moreover the government should embark on the supply of parent stock of proven reproductive performance to farmers at effordable prices. The establishment of Rabbit Breeding Units in tertiary institution for the multiplication and distribution of rabbits for breeding purpose can enhance this. In addition, government can initiate propularization of rabbit production in the state

scholarly journals Profitability of Small Scale Broiler Production in Some Selected Areas of Mymensingh

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
KMAAM Rana ◽  
MS Rahman ◽  
MN Sattar
Keyword(s):  
Production Function ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Broiler Production ◽  
The Cost

This study aimed to determine the cost, return, and profitability of broiler production in some selected areas of Mymensingh district. It was mainly based on primary data which were collected through face to face interview from the respondents of broiler production during the month of December, 2011. Selected samples consisted of 30 broiler farm owners selected by using purposive sampling technique. For the analysis of data, tabular and production function techniques were used. This study estimated the average cost of raising broiler to be Tk. 8,35,910.65 per farm per year. It was found that the variable cost per farm per year stood at Tk. 8,23,735.93 which accounted for 98.54 percent of total cost. The total fixed cost per farm per year accounted to Tk. 14,041.66. It is evident from the study that the gross return per farm per year stood at Tk. 10,78,022.39. The net return per farm per year was calculated at Tk. 2,42,111.47. The findings revealed that broiler production was a profitable enterprise. Cobb-Douglas production function was also applied to explore the specific effect of the factors on broiler production. It was observed that most of the included variables had significant impact on broiler production. Out of six variables included in the regression, four variables (i.e., feed cost, cost of day-old chick, labour cost and litter cost) had significant positive impact on return. This study also identified some problems in the production of broiler in the study area. Finally, based on the findings of the study, some recommendations were made for the development of broiler production in Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v23i1-2.16568Progress. Agric. 23(1 & 2): 101 – 109, 2012

scholarly journals The Blue Car in the Forest: Exploring Children’s Experiences of Sustainability in a Canadian Forest

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-417
Author(s):  
Debra Harwood
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Ethnographic Case Study ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Human World ◽  
Qualitative Exploration ◽  
Children’S Thinking

An abandoned blue car from 1958 is a central figure of the qualitative exploration of sustainability pedagogies within a Canadian nature school. The mystery of the car and its entanglement within a densely-forested area where the preschool children play and learn is provocative. As part of a larger ethnographic case study of the nature school, eight young children (3-5-year-olds) and their two nature teachers’ critical engagement with the car is examined over the course of a year. The research approach for the data collection and analysis included photos, videos, participant-observations, educator journals, and children’s oral and written expressions of their ideas related to the project and sustainability. This small scale study offers a glimpse into the possibilities that emerge when we include children’s thinking, decisions, and actions within the more-than-human world to foster sustainability.

scholarly journals Profitability of Small-Scale Maize Production in Nigeria: A Case Study of Bichi Local Government, Kano State-Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bello Nasiru Abdullahi ◽  
Frederick Kwame Yeboah ◽  
Nazeer Ahmed ◽  
Ibrahim Umar Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Pests And Diseases

This paper examined the profitability of small-scale maize production in the Bichi community using the multistage sampling procedure. Gross margin, OLS Multiple regression analysis, and Descriptive statistics were employed as analytical tools. A higher percentage of males (90%) as against females (10%) were revealed from the analytical results. The household size of the majority (70%) was less than 11 persons per family among family households (60%). A total of ₦395,355/ha was earned as gross income whilst the gross margin of ₦201,331/ha was estimated. Total variable cost and Total fixed cost estimated were ₦194,024/ha and ₦36,413/ha respectively. With an R-square of 0.807, six explanatory variables positively explained the response variables according to the double log function. Farm size and labor had positive coefficients of 0.479 and 0.352 respectively which were significant at 1% and 5% level of significance respectively. Inadequate resources, pests and diseases, high labor costs, transport, insufficient storage facilities, and insufficient government support were problems affecting small maize producers in the study area.

EDITORIAL: Migration and competitiveness: Japan and the United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Philip L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
The Past ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
Past Half

Japan and the United States, the world’s largest economies for most of the past half century, have very different immigration policies. Japan is the G7 economy most closed to immigrants, while the United States is the large economy most open to immigrants. Both Japan and the United States are debating how immigrants are and can con-tribute to the competitiveness of their economies in the 21st centuries. The papers in this special issue review the employment of and impacts of immigrants in some of the key sectors of the Japanese and US economies, including agriculture, health care, science and engineering, and construction and manufacturing. For example, in Japanese agriculture migrant trainees are a fixed cost to farmers during the three years they are in Japan, while US farmers who hire mostly unauthorized migrants hire and lay off workers as needed, making labour a variable cost.

A case study on year round fodder production scheme for smallholder dairy producers in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 79-102
Author(s):  
NR Sarker ◽  
F Tabassum D Yeasmin ◽  
MA Habib ◽  
MR Amin
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Common Salt ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Fodder Production

This study was undertaken to develop a year round fodder production model for small scale dairy farmers. Five pregnant dairy cows of Red Chittagong Cattle (RCC) genotype were selected. For rearing five cows, 66 decimal of land was selected from existing fodder plots under Pachutia Research Farm at Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka. The selected land was divided into two parts (33 decimal in each). One part was brought under perennial (Napier-4 and Splendida) and the 2nd part of land for seasonal (Maize & Matikalai) fodder production. Data on live weight and live weight gain of cows, birth weight of calves, feed intake, milk production, actual biomass yield for both perennial and seasonal fodder, yearly manure production were recorded and calculated. Napier-4 grass, splendida, maize, straw, silage were supplied to the experimental cows according to the seasonal availability in different months. Concentrate mixture were also supplied consisting of wheat bran, kheshari (red gram), soybean meal, maize crushed, til oil cake, DCP and common salt. Economics of the model revealed that considering the sale of milk, calves and manure and cost included only feed and land leased, a farm/family rearing 5 indigenous dairy cows with his/her family labours, he/she could earn around BDT 98 thousand in a year (1$ = 85 BDT) and the benefit cost ratio of the model on total variable cost and total cost were 1.86 and 1.66, respectively. Therefore, it may be recommended that a farmer having 5 adult dairy cows with 66 decimal land under fodder cultivation may earn substantial share of his/her family income as small-scale rural dairying. Bang. J. Livs. Res. Vol. 26 (1&2), 2019: P. 89-102

Profitability and Efficiency Analyses of Small Scale Rice processing units in Ngoketunjia Division, North West Region, Cameroon.

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Bime M.J ◽  
Fon D.E ◽  
Ngalim S.B ◽  
Ongla J
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Parboiled Rice ◽  
North West ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Rice Processing

Rice production and processing over the years has been on an increase with more small holders entering the business. This study on profitability of processing and marketing of small scale rice processors had as objective to analyse the profitability levels of rice processing and marketing by small scale processors, determine the value added to the commodity at each stage  and also identify the constraints faced by these processors. The study used primary data collected using well-structured questionnaire from millers only, miller traders for white/parboiled rice through a multistage sampling technique. Results showed that the net processing income (3,151,201), value added (8,147,456) and efficiency (138) for miller-traders of white rice was highest, followed by miller-traders for parboiled rice and lastly millers only. Results further showed that millers only had Benefit/cost ratio of 0.4 indicating that milling only is not profitable due to small quantities milled, and high fixed cost. Miller-traders for parboiled rice had a benefit/cost ratio of 2.3 implying that their venture is most profitable. Based on the results, it was recommended that millers only should purchase large quantities of paddy to enable them reduce the overhead cost. Also the services of parboilers should reflect in the sales price of parboiled rice so that the parboiling services can be paid for.

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