scholarly journals Effect of supplementation of cassava peel meal based diet with enzyme Maxigrain® on performance, apparent nutrient digestibility and economic indices of broiler finishers

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Aguihe ◽  
A. S. Kehinde ◽  
T. O. Babatunde ◽  
E. A. Iyayi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation ◽  
Economic Indices ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Cassava Peel

A four-week experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of Maxigrain® enzyme supplementation on performance, nutrient digestibility and economic indices of broiler finishers fed soaked and sun-dried cassava peel meal (CPM) based diet. CPM was included in the diets replacing maize at 0%, 25%, 50% and 75% respectively on a weight for weight basis. Diets with 25%, 50% and 75% CPM were supplemented with Maxigrain® at 100mg/kg. Two hundred (200) Anak, day old broiler chicks were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five replicates containing ten birds each after balancing for live weight. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum throughout the 4 weeks period of the experiment. Data on the body weight and feed intake were collected on a weekly basis and that of weight gain and feed conversion ratio(FCR) were calculated fortnightly while data on apparent nutrient digestibility was collected towards the end of the experiments in a metabolic trial. Data on feed costanalysis were calculated using the prevailing current market price of feed ingredients. The result shows that average weight gain and feed intake were significantly affected (P<0.05) by dietary treatments. Birds on 50% CPM enzyme diet had a significant (P<0.05) higher weight gain and feed intake followed by those on 75% CPM diet as compared to control group. Enzyme supplementation of the CPM diets produced a slight improvement in feed conversion ratio than the control diet. Feed cost/kg weight gain significantly (P<0.05) decreased with increasing levels of enzyme supplemented CPM. Profit margin generated were higher (P<0.05) in bird fed enzyme treated CPM diet group. Apparent nutrient digestibility of the birds revealed a significant (P<0.05) variation in all parameters with the exception of dry matter. Digestibility values of the birds were observed to increase as the inclusion level of enzyme supplemented CPM increased across the diet. Therefore, it is concluded that enzyme supplemented CPM could replace 75% of maize in broiler finisher diet without any deleterious effect however, supplementing CPM with enzyme Maxigrain® at 50% replacement level for maize resulted in a more profitable performance as well as improved nutrient digestibility and is hereby recommended for poultry farmers.

scholarly journals Growth indices, haematological and serum biochemical response of weaned rabbits fed growth promoters

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
E. O. Ewuola ◽  
B. A. Omoniyi ◽  
J. O. Omotoso
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The use of feed additives and plant extracts in rabbit husbandry offers an acceptable way to improve welfare, health and meat quality of rabbits as alternative to the use of antibiotics. In a six-week feeding trial, growth rate, nutrient digestibility, haematology and serum biochemical indices of weaned rabbits fed dietary prebiotics and probiotics as natural growth promoters were investigated. Thirty–two weaned crossbred rabbits of 6–week old with average weight of 446.75±32.1g were randomly allotted to 4 dietary treatments. Diet 1 served as the control without test ingredients while diets 2 (prebiotics-Biotronic®at 4kg/ton), 3 (probiotics- Biovet®-YC at 500g/ton) and 4 (symbiotics: Biotronic® SE and Biovet®-YC) were other treatments. Feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, feed efficiency, nutrient digestibility, haematological and serum biochemical variables were monitored. The design of the experiment was a completely randomized design. Feed intake was similar among dietary treatments while weight gain of rabbits fed diets 1, 2 and 3 was the same but significantly (p<0.05) higher than rabbits fed diet 4. Feed conversion ratio was not significantly influenced by the treatments. Feed efficiency was significantly (p<0.05) higher in rabbits fed symbiotic supplemented diets compared to others. The dry matter, crude protein, crude fibre, ash, nitrogen free extracts and ether extract digestibility were significantly (p<0.05) higher in rabbits fed diets 2 and 3 than those on diets 4 and the control. Packed cell volume and haemoglobin were significantly (p<0.05) higher in rabbits fed diets 3 and 4 than diets 1 and 2. Erythrocyte and leukocyte count were not significantly different among the treatments. Total protein, albumin and globulin examined revealed that they were not significantly influenced by the dietary treatments, however, alkaline phosphatase was significantly (p<0.05) higher in rabbits fed test diets than the control. Biotronic®SE and Biovet® -YC in this study had a potential to enhance growth in rabbit when used as feed additive without any adverse effect on health status of the animal.

scholarly journals Effect of raw and cooked mucuna seed meal based diets on the performance, nutrient digestibility and haematology of weaned rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
A. A. Taiwo ◽  
A. D. Adejuyigbe ◽  
E. O. Talabi ◽  
G. Okumakuma ◽  
E. A. Adebowale
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A study was conducted for eight weeks to determine the effects of raw and cooked mucuna seed meal (MSM) based diets on the performance and haematological characteristics of cross-bred weaned rabbits. Three experimental diets were formulated to contain: 0% MSM (control diet A), X raw MSM (diet B) and 20% cooked MSM (diet C). Twelve cross-bred weaned rabbits with mean initial live-weight of about 550 g were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments. The experimental design was completely randomized arrangement. The feed intakes (115.12, 114.44, 116.15g/day) and weight gains (17.19, 12.72, 14.28g/day) for diets A, B and C respectively were similar (P>0.05) for the three treatments. Rabbits fed the control diet A had the best (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio (6.68). The packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (HB), red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) values obtained for the three treatments were not statistically different (P>0.05) from one another. The HB, RBC, WBC values of rabbits fed on 20% cooked MSM based diet had comparable values to those on the control diet. Based on the weight gain and the haematology, 20% cooked mucuna seed meal can be included in the diet of weaned rabbits.

scholarly journals Growth performance of starter broiler starter chicks fed soaked and fermented baobab (Adansonia digitata) seed meal based diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
A. R. Akintunde ◽  
I. H. Saidu ◽  
M. A. Oguntoye ◽  
H. K. Mohammed ◽  
A. Mustapha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Means of cutting down cost of feed resources in order to bridge the wide gap between demand and supply of animal protein in livestock production is a great concern in the poultry industry. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of feeding diets containing soaked and fermented Baobab seed meal (BSM) on the growth performance of broiler starter chicks. A total of 150, one-day old chicks were randomly distributed into five treatment groups. Treatments were replicated three times with 10 chicks per replicate in a completely randomized design (CRD). The dietary groups were designated as T1 for control (0 % BSM), T2 (7.5 % SBSM), T3 (15.0% SBSM), T4 (22.5% FBSM) and T5 (30 % FBSM). Parameters monitored include final weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, feed cost per kg gain (N) and mortality (%) The experiment lasted for 4 weeks. The results showed that the dietary treatments had significant (P<0.05) effect on all the parameters measured. Final weight and total weight gain were similar and significantly (P<0.05) higher in birds fed diets T2 and T4 when compared to other dietary treatments. However, birds in T5 group had the least significant (P<0.05) values 366.67 and 217.34 g/bird respectively. Daily weight gain (7.76 g/bird/day), total and daily feed intake (873.33 g and 31.19 g/bird/day) of birds followed similar trend and were significantly (P<0.05) lower in T5 group compared to other treatments. Feed conversion ratio of birds fed diet T5 had significantly (P<0.05) higher value (4.29) when compared to those in other treatment groups. Feed cost per kg gain (N) was significantly (P<0.05) lower and similar in birds fed T2, T3 and T4 when compared to values obtained in the control group (N253.27) and T5 (N 327.52). Mortality (%) only occurred in birds fed T5. It was therefore concluded that inclusion of 22.5% fermented baobab seed meal in broiler diets improved performance and had no negative effect on the health status of birds.     Des moyens de réduire le coût des ressources alimentaires afin de combler le defi posé à cause de la demande et l'approvisionnement en protéines animales dans la production animale est une grande préoccupation dans l'industrie avicole. Cette étude a été menée pour étudier l'effet des regimes alimentaires contenant de la farine de graines de baobab trempée et fermentée (le 'BSM') sur les performances de croissance des poussins de départ. Un total de 150 poussins âgés d'un jour ont été répartis au hasard en cinq groupes de traitement. Les traitements ont été répliqués trois fois avec 10 poussins par réplique dans une conception complètement randomisée (le 'CRD'). Les groupes diététiques ont été désignés comme T1 pour le contrôle (0% BSM), T2 (7,5% SBSM), T3 (15,0% SBSM), T4 (22,5% FBSM) et T5 (30% FBSM). Les paramètres surveillés comprennent le poids final, le gain de poids, la prise alimentaire, le taux de conversion alimentaire, le coût de l'alimentation par kg de gain (N) et la mortalité (%). L'expérience a duré 4 semaines. Les résultats ont montré que les traitements diététiques avaient un effet significatif (P <0,05) sur tous les paramètres mesurés. Le poids final et le gain de poids total étaient similaires et significativement (P<0,05) plus élevés chez les oiseaux nourris avec les régimes T2 et T4 par rapport aux autres traitements diététiques. Cependant, les oiseaux du groupe T5 avaient les valeurs les moins significatives (P <0,05) 366,67 et 217,34 g / oiseau respectivement. Le gain de poids quotidien (7,76 g / oiseau / jour), l'apport alimentaire total et quotidien (873,33 g et 31,19 g / oiseau / jour) des oiseaux ont suivi une tendance similaire et étaient significativement (P<0,05) inférieurs dans le groupe T5 par rapport aux autres traitements. Le rapport de conversion alimentaire des oiseaux nourris au régime alimentaire T5 avait une valeur significativement plus élevée (P <0,05) (4,29) par rapport à ceux des autres groupes de traitement. Le coût de l'alimentation par kg de gain (N) était significativement (P <0,05) plus faible et similaire chez les oiseaux nourris T2, T3 et T4 par rapport aux valeurs obtenues dans le groupe témoin (N253,27) et T5 (N 327,52). La mortalité (%) n'est survenue que chez les oiseaux nourris au T5. Il a donc été conclu que l'inclusion de farine de graines de baobab fermentée à 22,5% dans les régimes alimentaires des poulets de chair améliorait les performances et n'avait aucun effet négatif sur l'état de santé des oiseaux.

scholarly journals Response of growing rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) fed diets containing raw tallow (Detarium microcarpum) seed meal

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-183
Author(s):  
Jiya Zhiri ◽  
Ijaiya Abdumojeed ◽  
Alabi John ◽  
Makinde John ◽  
Saidu Salamatu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A 12-week study was conducted to determine the effect of graded levels of raw tallow seed meal (RTSM) on growth performance, haematological and biochemical parameters and organoleptic qualities of growing rabbits. Five experimental diets were compounded to contain 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% RTSM replacing the palm kernel cake weight for the weight designated as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively. Forty-five (45) weaned rabbits between 5 and 6 weeks with an average body weight ranging from 500 to 600 g of mixed breeds and sexes (females and males) were randomly allocated to the five (5) dietary treatments in the randomized complete block design with nine (9) rabbits per treatment replicated three (3) times with three (3) rabbits each. Data were collected on feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, nutrient digestibility, some haematological and biochemical parameters and organoleptic qualities of the rabbits. The feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly (P<.005) affected by the dietary treatments. The rabbits fed diets T1, T2 and T3 recorded similar feed intake (62, 66.95, and 66.50 g), total weight gain (1328.73, 1320.44, and 1323.49 g) and feed conversion ratio (3.92, 4.26, and 4.22) which were significantly better than those observed for the rabbits fed diets T4 and T5. The nutrient digestibilities of the rabbits fed the experimental diets were also significantly (P<0.05) affected. The rabbits fed diet T2 had better fiber digestibility (47.05%) compared to other treatment groups. Ether extract digestibility was observed to be better in the group of rabbits fed diets T1, T2 and T3, respectively. Some of the other nutrients in the group of rabbits fed diets T3, T4 and T5 were similarly digested. The haematological parameters were observed to be depressed as the level of RTSM increased in the diets. Packed cell volume, red blood cells and white blood cells were observed to reduce from 37.69 to 21.22%, 4.14 to 2.18 g/dl and 4.98 to 3.02 g/dl. The biochemical parameters indicated a similar trend as that of the haematological parameters. Total protein, glucose and urea reduced from 6.15 to 4.63 g/dl, 5.15 to 3.80 g/dl and 7.76 to 4.00 mmol/l. The result of the organoleptic qualities indicated a non-significant (P>0.05) difference except for the juiciness which was significantly (P<0.05) high in the rabbits fed diets T1 (5.90), T3 (5.65), and T4 (5.90), respectively. In conclusion, up to 50% of RTSM can be included in the diets of rabbits without adverse effects on productive performance, nutrient utilization, blood parameters and organoleptic qualities.

scholarly journals Nutrient digestibility and growth performance of cockerels fed processed sickle pod (Senna obtusifolia) seed meal based-diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Augustine ◽  
I. D. Kwari ◽  
J. U. Igwebuikwe ◽  
S. B. Adamu ◽  
C. I. Medugu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Senna Obtusifolia

 A Feeding trial was conducted for sixteen weeks to evaluate nutrient utilization and growth performanceofcockerelsfedprocessedSennaobtusifoliamealbased-diets.Sixexperimental diets werecompounded tocontain 0%and20%eachoftheraw,boiled, soaked, sproutedand fermented Senna obtusifolia seed meal designated T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6, respectively. Data were collected on nutrient digestibility, feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and mortality. Poor nutrient digestibility for crude protein (45.18%), nitrogen free extract (42.39%) and ether extract (49.22%) were recorded in the group of cockerels fed raw Senna obtusifolia seed meal based-diet. However, better nutrient digestibility for crude protein (76.23%), nitrogen free extract (67.62%) and ether extract (68.65%) digestibility was observed in the group of cockerel fed 0% Senna obtusifolia seed meal based-diet. Among the cockerels fed the processed Senna obtusifolia seed meal based-diets, those fed the fermented Senna obtusifolia seed meal based-diet showed better crude protein (75.08%), ether extract (68.65%) nitrogen free exract (67.62%) and crude fibre (32.78%) digestibility. The result of productive performance revealed a significantly (P<0.05) low total feed intake (3242.13 g), total weight gain (806.50 g) and the poorest feed conversion ratio(4.02) in the group of cockerels fed raw Senna obtusifolia seed meal based-diet. The group of cockerels fed the processed Senna obtusifolia seed meal based-diets indicated significant (P<0.05) improvement in productive performance with those fed the fermented Senna obtusifolia seed meal based-diet recording the highest total feed intake (3552.51 g), total weight gain (1079.79 g) and the best feed conversion ratio (3.29). It can be concluded that 20% of fermented Senna obtusifolia seed meal can be incorporated in the diets of cockerels without depreciationinnutrientdigestibilityandproductiveperformance.

scholarly journals Effect of replacing maize with pride of barbados (Delonix regia) seed meal on growth performance, carcass, serum and haematological indices of rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
R. Olajide ◽  
O. A. Adeniyi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Thirty growing rabbits with mean body weight of 516.67g were used in a feeding trial that lasted for 56 days. The animals were randomly distributed into five (5) dietary treatment groups consisting of six (6) animals per group. Each treatment group was replicated six (6) times with individually housed rabbit per replicate. The five dietary treatments contained 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% replacement levels of Delonix regia seed meal (DRSM) for maize in a completely randomized design experiment. The parameters investigated during the study were feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and feed cost. At the end of the feeding trial, blood samples were collected from the animals through the ear vein for haematology and serum biochemistry. Fifteen (15) animals at the rate of 3 animals per dietary treatment were stunned and sacrificed for the determination of carcass analysis. Samples of visceral organs and primal parts were collected from the animals for carcass yield evaluation. Data obtained were subjected to one-way analysis of variance. The inclusion of DRSM in rabbit diets did not significantly (p>0.05) influence the daily feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio of the animals. The carcass parameters except the forelegs and all the organ weights were not significantly (p<0.05) affected by the dietary treatments. The highest value (3.85%) of the forelegs was obtained in treatment 4 (75% DRSM). The corresponding values of 3.35, 3.39 and 3.40 respectively for animals in treatments 1, 2 and 5 were similar but lower than that on treatment 4 and higher than 3.19% of treatment 3. Feeding of DRSM to rabbits did not show any significant (p>0.05) variation in both the haematological and biochemical components of the rabbits studied except the globulin. The globulins (g/dl) were 1.50, 3.0, 1.70, 3.30 and 1.75 respectively for animals on treatment 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. All these haematological and serum biochemical parameters were within the normal physiological ranges for rabbits. Cost per Kg feed and cost of feed per Kg live weight decreased significantly (p<0.05) with increased replacement levels of DRSM for maize in the diets with 100% substitution having the least cost. The results suggest that DRSM could completely replace maize (up to 100%) without any deleterious effect on the growth performance, carcass, haematology and serum biochemistry of rabbits. Therefore DRSM may be a panacea to high cost of maize and can be recommended for rrabbit farmers.

scholarly journals Influence of Enzyme Supplementation in the Diets of Broiler Chickens Formulated with Different Corn Hybrids Dried at Various Temperatures

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Franciele C. N. Giacobbo ◽  
Cinthia Eyng ◽  
Ricardo V. Nunes ◽  
Cleison de Souza ◽  
Levy V. Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Cecal Microbiota ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation

We evaluated the influence of enzymatic supplementation on the growth performance and cecal microbiota of broilers. A total of 2160 1-day-old male chicks were used in a 3 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (three corn hybrids, two drying temperatures −80 and 110 °C, with or without the inclusion of an enzymatic blend (amylase, xylanase, and protease) (20 birds/pen, n = 9). For all performance and digestibility parameters, we observed, in general, isolated effects of the corn hybrids and drying temperature. Birds that received the enzymatic blend in the diet showed better weight gain from 1 to 21 days (d) and better digestibility coefficients of nutrients at 42 d. Birds fed diets with corn dried at 80 °C showed a better feed conversion ratio from 1 to 42 d. At 21 d of age, enzymatic supplementation had positive effects on jejunum morphology. Enzyme supplementation increased the abundance of the phylum Tenericutes, class Bacilli and Mollicutes, reduced Clostridia, and increased the abundances of the families Lactobacillaceae, Anaeroplasmataceae, and O_RF39;F. In conclusion, the addition of amylase, xylanase, and protease led to a better nutrient digestibility, performance, and intestinal morphology. In addition, enzyme supplementation changed the diversity, composition, and predicted function of the cecal microbiota at d 21.

scholarly journals Performance and nutrient digestibility of crossbred weaned pigs fed raw pride of barbados (Caesalpina pulcherrima) seed meal

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-191
Author(s):  
A. A. Ogunbode ◽  
A. F. Baderinwa ◽  
I. O. Gbemisola
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Large White ◽  
Final Body Weight

Deficit of conventional feed resources in meeting increased demand has led to hike in their prices culminating in soaring cost of livestock feed. This has necessitated the search for cheap and easily available alternatives. Pride of barbados seed which constitute a waste has potential of becoming a cheap and easily available feed resource. Performance and nutrient digestibility of dietary inclusion of raw pride of barbados seed meal was evaluated in an eight week feeding trial. Atotal of sixteen crossbred (Large White x Landrace) weaned pigs of eight weeks of age were weighed and allotted to four dietary treatments with four pigs each being a replicate in a completely randomized design. Diet 1 (control) was without raw pride of barbados seed meal while 5%, 10% and 15% of virgin raw pride of barbados were included in diets 2,3 and 4 respectively. Weekly weight gain, daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and nutrient digestibility of raw pride of barbados seed meal was also determined. Results revealed a significant average final body weight of 16.75kg (diet 3) to 24.50kg (diet 4).The pigs fed 15% raw pride of barbados had the highest feed intake of 137.20kg in diet 4 while the lowest feed intake was obtained in pigs fed 10% (diet 3) inclusion level of raw pride of barbados. Pigs maintained on the control diet had the best feed conversion (7.60kg) while the pigs fed diet 3 had the lowest feed conversion ratio (8.93kg). Crude protein, ether extract and dry matter digestibility was highest at T4 (84.15%, 80.21% and 86.70%) respectively while the least values (68.71%, 65.75% and 71.10% was obtained in T2 and T3 respectively. This study concluded that 15% inclusion of raw pride of barbados in the diets of crossbred weaned pigs had no deleterious effect on performance and nutrient digestibility of pigs.

Whole sorghum inclusion and feed form on performance and nutrient digestibility of broiler chickens

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mabelebele ◽  
R. M. Gous ◽  
H. V. Masey O'Neil ◽  
P. A. Iji
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Quadratic Effect ◽  
Linear Effect

SummaryA total of 432, one-day-old broiler chickens were randomly assigned as a 2 × 4 factorial design (pellet or mash and 0, 25, 50, and 75% whole sorghum levels) in a completely randomised experiment, having six replicates with nine birds per replicate. Body weight and feed intake were measured on a pen basis at 10, 25, and 35 days of age and feed conversion ratio calculated. Pelleting diets significantly improved (P<0.05) feed intake, body weight and carcass yield of broiler chickens at 10 and 24 days of age. Heavier relative gizzard weights with lower pH (P<0.05) were recorded for broiler chickens offered mash diets at 35 days old. Feed conversion ratio at 35 days of age increased (P<0.035, quadratic effect) with higher levels of whole sorghum and levelled off at 75% inclusion rates. Relative gizzard weight at 35 days was marginally increased (P<0.033, linear effect) in line with rising sorghum levels. Similarly, relative bursa and liver weights at 35 days increased (P<0.037, quadratic effect and P<0.033, linear effect, respectively) with sorghum inclusion. The results showed that pelleted diets gave superior performance compared to mash diets. Although higher levels of sorghum inclusion in mash diets enhanced gizzard development, performance parameters of birds at 35 days of age were poorer, with 125 g less body weight and an increase in FCR from 1.51 to 1.62 for the 0% and 75% sorghum levels respectively.

scholarly journals 434 Late-Breaking: Expression of Growth hormone Gene (GH) and Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-2) in metabolic tissues of pigs are affected by unconventional dietary feed sources

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 42-43
Author(s):  
Ufuoma G Sorhue ◽  
Ikenna Omeje ◽  
Ifeanyichukwu udeh ◽  
Adimabua M Moemeka ◽  
Raphael E Onainor
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Growth Hormone Gene ◽  
Feed Conversion

Abstract This study was conducted to examine the growth performance and expression patterns of growth hormone gene and insulin-like growth factor in metabolic tissues of pigs fed different unconventional feed sources. A total of 45 growing pigs were randomly assigned to 5 dietary treatments at 9 animals per treatment and 3 animals per replicate. Treatment one (T1) comprise of whole maize (WM) which served as the control, T2: brewers dried grain (BDG), T3: cassava peel meal (CPM), T4: plantain peel meal (PPM) and T5: corn husk meal (CHM) at 35% inclusion in the diet. Data collected and analyzed includes; initial body weight (IBW), final body weight (FBW), average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily weight gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and feed efficiency (FE). At the end of the feeding trial, three animals per treatment (one animal per replicate) were slaughtered; the duodenum and liver were collected and stored using RNALater prior to RNA extraction. Real-time qPCR was performed in 40cycles using the PowerUp SYBR Green reagent and analysed using the Delta-Delta Ct method. All data were subjected to analysis of variance in a completely randomized design. The results showed that the treatment diets had effect on growth performance with significant differences (P &lt; 0.05) observed for average final weight, average total weight gain, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency while the initial weight were not significantly different (P &gt; 0.05). IGF-2 was differentially expressed in the liver and duodenum across treatments while significant differences were not observed in the expression pattern of the growth hormone gene in both tissues. This study showed promise for the use of unconventional feeding stuffs in pig feeding and reveals that genes influencing performance characters are differentially expressed in relation to the source of unconventional feeds used in compounding pig diet.

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