scholarly journals Growth performance, carcass characteristics, digestibility and economics of broiler production fed diets containing different levels of camel rumen content in the Semi- Arid Zone of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 82-92
Author(s):  
G. Mohammed ◽  
L. G. Asheikh ◽  
U. M. Kolo ◽  
F. I. Abbator ◽  
Z. M. Chana ◽  
...  

The feeding value of different levels of camel rumen content in broiler diet was investigated using 150 Hover marshal broiler chickens from one-day to 63-days of age. The birds were randomly allotted to five /diets with two replicates of 15 birds each. The diets (starter and finisher) were formulated to contain 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% camel rumen content in T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 diets respectively. At nine week of the experiment three birds per replicate were selected for carcass measurement. The backs, hearts, kidneys, lungs, liver and spleen were not significantly (P > 0.05) different among the treatment groups while other parameters were significantly (P<0.05) different among the treatment groups. At week eight of the experiment three birds per replicate were selected for digestibility study. At the starter stage, the daily feed intake and daily weight gain were significantly (P<0.05) different among the treatment groups but only the feed conversion ratio was not affected (P>0.05) by the camel rumen content (CRC) in the diets. However, broiler chicks fed CRC T1 (0%), T2 (5%), T3 (10%) and T4 (15%) had better daily weight gain than those fed T5 (20%). During the finisher stage, all the growth parameters were not affected (P>0.05%) by CRC except final body weight which was affected (P<0.05) by the test material. Economic of production showed that CRC diets were not profitable in terms of cost of feed per kg weight gain during the starter stage. At finisher stage the cost of feed per kg weight gain were better in broilers chicken fed CRC based-diets. The result of the experiment showed that camel rumen content can replace maize and groundnut cake up to 15% level without deleterious effect on the roductive performance of broiler chicks.However, at finisher stage up to20%dietarymaize and groundnut cake could be replaced with CRC without adverse effect on the growth performance, carcass parameters, digestibility and economics of production.

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
D. N. Onunkwo ◽  
O. A. Ekine

This study was conducted to assess the effects of abattoir wastes (bovine blood and rumen content mixture) on the haematology and growth performance characteristics of broiler birds. One hundred and twenty (120) unsexed day old Abor acre broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 4 treatments and replicated 3 times in a completely randomized design (CRD) experiment. Four experimental diets were formulated to meet the nutrient requirement of broilers such that the birds were fed sundried abattoir waste (bovine blood and rumen content mixture) included at 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% representing Diet 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively, with Diet 1 as the control. Each dietary treatment consists of 30 birds with 10 birds per replicate. The experimental diets and clean water were supplied at- libitum throughout the experimental period. Data were collected on feed intake, daily weight gain, final body weight, weight gain. Feed conversion ratios were calculated. Blood samples for hematology was collected, analyzed and recorded. At the end of the 56 days feeding trials, data collected on different parameters were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results showed that mixtures of bovine blood and rumen content significantly (P<0.05) improved the final weight (1767.02g -1931.44g), weight gain (1367.02g -1528.44g), feed intake (107.47g -118.99g) and feed conversion ratio (4.87 – 4.08) of the broilers. Significant (P<0.05) improvements were observed on the RBC, WBC, MCV, MCH, eosinophyls and the lymphocytes of the haematological parameters of the broilers. These results showed the complementary potentials of bovine blood and rumen content mixture in broiler diets, which can be included up to 15% in the ration of broilers without detrimentally affecting the growth performance and haematology of the broilers.


2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 272-283
Author(s):  
K. T. Orayaga ◽  
P. M. Goholshak

Three groundnut meals namely: groundnut cake (GNC), locally processed groundnut cake (kulikuli) and toasted groundnut seed(kernel) meal (TGSM) were incorporated in rabbit diets at two levels to generate six diets: 18% GNC, 22% GNC, 18% Kulikuli, 22% Kulikuli, 18% TGSM and 22% TGSM respectively, and 18% GNC also served as the control diet. Twenty four (24) six weeks-old growing rabbits of mixed breeds and sexes with mean initial weight of 568.75±l2.85g were randomly allocated to the six dietary treatment groups, such that each had four rabbits and each rabbit formed a replicate in a completely randomized design laid out in a 2X3 factorial arrangement and fed ad libitum, for 70 days. The main effects showed that while the treatment groups fed TGSM were significantly depressed (p<0.05). rabbits fed GNC and kulikuli were not significantly different (p>0.05) for average daily feed intake, daily body weight gain and final body weight. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was not significantly (p >0.05) affected among treatment groups. Rabbits fed TGSM had significantly (p<0.05) better apparent digestibility coefficient (78.04%) than those on kulikuli (75.81%6) and the group on kulikuli were better than animals fed GNC (72.09%) for fat digestibility. Fibre digestibility was also significantly different (p <0.05), with rabbits fed kulikuli having the poorest fibre digestion (15.63 %). Crude protein, dry matter and NFE apparent digestibility coefficients were not significantly (p >0.05) affected. Among all the parameters measured, only fat and fibre digestibility coefficients had significant (p <0.05) interactions and NFE digestibility was significantly affected (p <0.05) by level of inclusion, with groups fed 22% digesting it better. Feed cost kg gain did not differ significantly (p >0.05) among the treatment groups. Growth was still on the rise and there was a significantly (P<0.01) strong relationship (correlation and regression) between feed intake and weight gain for all the treatment groups. was concluded that both kulikuli and TGSM are potential feed resources for rabbits, more available to house hold farmers, equally economical as GNC and better still if groundnut farmers and or processors of kulikuli raise rabbits, though TGSM had less value for growth rate compared to GNC and Kulikuli at these levels of inclusion


Author(s):  
Lemma Gulilat ◽  
Firew Tegegne ◽  
Solomon Demeke

The objective of this study was to develop the least-cost starter&rsquo;s diet and evaluated its effect on the growth performance of Sasso breeds and Indigenous ecotype of chicks under the local condition of the South Gondar Zone. The effects of substitution of different levels of commercial starters ration with homemade diet on the growth performance of Sasso and Indigenous chicks were studied in Hiruy Abaregay village of Farta district. The research area is 586km distant from the capital city of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A total of 510 Sasso T-44 and 90 Indigenous local ecotypes day-old chicks were randomly divided into five groups, each with 102 and 18 chicks, respectively. These were assigned into five treatments in which 100 (T1), 75 (T2), 50 (T3), 25 (T4), and 0% (T5) of commercial starter&rsquo;s diet in factorial completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 replications for 60 days feeding period. The results obtained indicated that increased levels of substitution of a commercial diet with a homemade diet significantly depressed (p&lt;0.001) mean daily feed consumption and retention of dry matter, nitrogen, and metabolizable energy. Growth rate as measured by mean daily weight gain, mean final body weight, and total feed consumption and feed cost were significantly miserable (p&lt;0.001) in an increased homemade diet. On the contrary, there was an increase in feed conversion ratio and fiber content in high-level dilution of starter&rsquo;s commercial diet with a homemade diet. However, the groups of chicks on 0, 25, and 50% commercial starters diets replaced by homemade diet were significantly higher (p&lt;0.001) in mean daily feed intake, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and final body weight attained. The results of this study indicated that up to 50% of expensive commercial starter&rsquo;s diet could economically be replaced with the least cost homemade diet without adversely affecting the growth performance of chicks.


2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 124-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Ogagaoghene Isikwenu ◽  
Ifeanyi Udeh ◽  
Bernard Izuchukwu Oshai ◽  
Theresa Ogheneremu Kekeke

Abstract The effect of graded levels of grains of selim on the performance, gut microbial population and carcass characteristics of finisher broilers was investigated. Two hundred and four (204) 28 days old broiler chicks (Marshal breed) were randomly allotted to four treatments with each treatment having three replicates of 17 chicks each in a completely randomized design. Finely blended grains of selim was administered through drinking water on treatments 2, 3 and 4 at concentrations of 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 g per litre while chicks on treatment 1 (control) received 1.0 g per 1.5 litre of antibiotics (Gendox). Chicks were fed ad libitum with isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets containing 20% crude protein and 3000 Kcal/kg metabolisable energy for four weeks. Results showed no significant (P > 0.05) differences among treatments in the final body weight, total weight gain, daily weight gain, total feed intake, daily feed intake and feed:gain ratio. There were differences in the microbial population of the gastro-intestinal tract with colony count decreasing as the concentration of grains of selim increases. Carcass characteristics and organ weights were similar (P > 0.05) except for thigh and spleen weights, and large intestine lengths where differences (P < 0.05) exist. Mortality ranged from 8.47% - 13.47% across treatments. The results indicated that grains of selim have antimicrobial and anthelminthic properties, and promote growth in broiler chickens


2016 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyegunle Emmanuel OKE ◽  
Faith O. SORUNGBE ◽  
Monsuru Oladimeji ABIOJA ◽  
Oluwadamilola OYETUNJI ◽  
Anuoluwapo Olamide ONABAJO

<p><em></em>The objective of this trial was to investigate the effect of different levels of honey in drinking water on the responses of broiler chickens during dry season in hot humid tropics. Three hundred Oba Marshall broiler chicks were used for this study. The day-old chicks were randomly assigned to five treatment groups with each treatment having four replicates of 15 birds. The first 4 treatment groups were daily supplied drinking water without honey (0H), with 20 ml (20H), 40 ml (40H) and 60 ml (60H) of honey per liter of water. The fifth group received drinking water supplemented with 500 mg vitamin C per liter of water (C). Records on daily weight gain (WG) and feed intake (FI) were taken. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated as the ratio of gain to feed consumed. The supplementation of honey in the drinking water for broiler chickens in 60H during hot dry season in the hot humid tropics improved some stress indices, body weight gain and relative spleen weight.</p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 223-238
Author(s):  
S. O. Upah ◽  
A. I. Okwori ◽  
K. T. Orayaga

The high cost of feed has become a great challenge in poultry production. Good quality and cheap feed is therefore crucial for optimal growth performance of poultry chickens. In this study the effect of Euphorbia heterophylla Leaf Meal (EHLM) on the performance, carcass characteristics, nutrients digestibility and economics were evaluated. Broiler chicks numbering one hundred and eighty (180) of Ross 308 strain were fed for 4 weeks. The birds were randomly allotted to six experimental diets with three replications of 10 birds each. The diets were formulated with the inclusion of EHLMat 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% levels, for T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6 which replaces soyabean meal respectively and data collected were subjected to analysis of variance in a completely randomized design. Results obtained indicated that the experimental diets significantly (P<0.05) affected the average feed intake and average daily protein intake, while the average daily weight gain, average feed conversion ratio, average daily protein efficiency ratio and average final live weight were not affected (P>0.05); mortality was not affected (P>0.05) by the diet. Carcass parameters, carcass cut and internal organs such as fasted liveweight, plucked weight, dressed weight, breast weight, thigh, drum stick, neck, shank and wings, heart, empty gizzard, lungs, spleen, pancreas, small intestine and esophagus weights showed no significant (P>0.05) difference while back, head, liver, proventriculus, kidney, abdominal fat, large intestine and caeca weight were significantly (P<0.05) different. The GIT length was affected (P<0.05) by the diet except the caeca length. The nutrient digestibility of CP and NFE did not showed significant (P>0.05) effect, but CF, EE and Ash were affected (P<0.05) by the dietary treatments. The nutrient digestibility of 5%, 10%, 15% and 25% were higher than the control diet(0%) for the five nutrients evaluated. The economics of production showed that feed cost (N/kg weight gain), total income (birds sold) and total profit (net gain) were not significantly (P>0.05) different while the feed cost (N/chicken), cost saving due to EHLM inclusion, total cost of production (N/chicken) and feed cost as percentage of total cost were significantly (P<0.05) affected by the test diets. The result showed that birds fed diet containing 15% have better economic advantage for optimum benefit. Therefore 15% EHLM replacement of soya bean is recommended for adoption for optimum growth performance, carcass yield, nutrient digestibility and economics of production in finisher broiler chicken.     Le coût élevé des aliments pour animaux est devenu un grand défi dans la production avicole.Une alimentation de bonne qualité et bon marché est donc cruciale pour des performances de croissance optimales des poulets de volaille. Dans cette étude, l'effet de la farine de feuilles d'Euphorbia heterophylla (EHLM) sur la performance, les caractéristiques de la carcasse, la digestibilité des nutriments et l'économie ont été évalués. Des poussins de chair au nombre de cent quatre-vingts (180) de souche Ross 308 ont été nourris pendant 4 semaines. Les oiseaux ont été répartis au hasard dans six régimes expérimentaux avec trois répétitions de 10 oiseaux chacune. Les régimes ont été formulés avec l'inclusion d'EHLM à 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 et 25%, pour T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 et T6 qui remplace respectivement le tourteau de soja et les données collectées ont été soumises à une analyse de variance. dans une conception complètement aléatoire. Les résultats obtenus ont indiqué que les régimes expérimentaux affectaient significativement (P<0,05) la consommation alimentaire moyenne et la consommation quotidienne moyenne de protéines, tandis que le gain de poids quotidien moyen, le rapport de conversion alimentaire moyen, le rapport d'efficacité protéique moye quotidien et le poids vif final moyen n'étaient pas affectés ( P>0,05) ; la mortalité n'a pas été affectée (P>0,05) par le régime alimentaire. Les paramètres de la carcasse, la coupe de la carcasse et les organes internes tels que le poids vif à jeun, le poids plumé, le poids paré, le poids de la poitrine, le poids de la cuisse, de la baguette, du cou, du jarret et des ailes, le poids du cœur, du gésier vide, des poumons, de la rate, du pancréas, de l'intestin grêle et de l'œsophage ont été montrés aucune différence significative (P> 0,05) alors que le poids du dos, de la tête, du foie, du proventricule, des reins, de la graisse abdominale, du gros intestin et des caeca étaient significativement différents (P< 0,05). La longueur GIT a été affectée (P < 0,05) par le régime, à l'exception de la longueur des caeca. La digestibilité des nutriments du CP et du NFE n'a pas montré d'effet significatif (P>0,05), mais CF, EE et Ash ont été affectés (P<0,05) par les traitements diététiques. La digestibilité des nutriments de 5 %, 10 %, 15 % et 25 % était supérieure à celle du régime témoin (0 %) pour les cinq nutriments évalués. L'économie de la production a montré que le coût de l'alimentation (N/kg de gain de poids), le revenu total (oiseaux vendus) et le bénéfice total (gain net) n'étaient pas significativement différents (P>0,05) alors que le coût de l'alimentation (N/poulet), la réduction des coûts en raison de l'inclusion de l'EHLM, le coût total de production (N/poulet) et le coût des aliments en pourcentage du coût total ont été significativement (P<0,05) affectés par les régimes d'essai. Le résultat a montré que les oiseaux nourris avec un régime contenant 15 % ont un meilleur avantage économique pour un bénéfice optimal. Par conséquent, il est recommandé d'adopter un remplacement EHLM de 15 % du soja pour des performances de croissance optimales, un rendement en carcasse, une digestibilité des éléments nutritifs et des économies de production dans le poulet de chair de finition. 


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Olayemi Aanuoluwapo Olugosi ◽  
Johnson Oluwasola Agbede ◽  
Gbenga Emmanuel Onibi ◽  
Issac Abayomi Adebayo ◽  
Akinlolu Oluwafemi Ayeni

A 49 day feeding trial was conducted to determine the effect of biologically upgraded cocoa pod husk meal (BCPHM) on the growth performance, haemato-biochemical indices and antioxidant status of broiler chickens. Three experimental diets were formulated at both starter and finisher phases in which BCPHM was added as an active feed ingredient at 0, 10, 20% and designated as diets 1, 2 and 3 respectively. One hundred and fifty day old Marshal broiler chicks weighing 39±2.5g/bird were allotted to 3 dietary treatments (10birds/replicate, 50birds/treatment) in a completely randomized design. The Average daily weight gain (ADWG), total weight gain (TWG) and final body weight (FBW) of broiler chicks fed diets containing 10% BCPHM was significantly (p˂0.05) higher than that of control and diet containing 20% BCPHM at starter phase. At finisher phase, the values of ADWG, TWG  and FBW were at par with that of control. Feed Intake was seen to increase as BCPHM increased in the diet at finisher phase. Carcass traits, relative internal organ weight, haemato-biochemcal indices of broiler chickens were similar across dietary treatment. Superoxide dimutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) of birds fed control diet were significantly (p˂0.05) higher than those of birds fed BCPHM based diets. Ten percent dietary inclusion of BCPHM appears optimal in broiler diet since beyond this level growth performance declined.


2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
T. F. Mbahi ◽  
A. Adi ◽  
B. Yakubu ◽  
R. J Wafar

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of yeast treated Bovine blood–rumen content mixture (YTBRM) on performance of 60 weaner rabbits with an average weight of 501.96 ± 0.22g. The rabbits were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments with five replicates in a completely randomized design. T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 had 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% YTBRM. Data were collected on growth performance, carcass characteristics and haematological indices. At the end of the experiment, 4 rabbits were randomly selected from each treatment and slaughtered to determine the effect of graded levels of YTBRM on carcass yield and internal organs characteristics. The result of growth performance revealed that all parameters measured were significantly (P<0.05) affected by the dietary inclusion of YTBRM except for feed conversion ratio which ranged from 3.05 in T1 to 3.64 in T2. Average daily feed intake was significantly (P<0.05) higher (101.69) in treatment T5 while the other treatment groups were similar.. Average daily weight gain were significantly higher in T (29.72g) and T4 (28.05g) while the least value was obtained in T2 (25.46g). Carcass yield was significant (P<0.05) across the treatment groups. Dressing percentages were significantly (p<0.05) higher in T2 (82.35%), T1 (77.62%) and T4 (74.08%) than T5 (63.57%) and T3 (69.79%). Result of the internal organs shows that they were all similar across the treatment groups. Haematological and biochemical indices shows no significant diffrerence (P>0.05) in all the parameters evaluated. It could be concluded from this study that YTBRM can be included up to 40% in weaner rabbits diet without adverse effect on the growth performance, blood profile, carcass and internal organs characteristics.


2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
A. O. K. Adesehinwa ◽  
B. A. M. Makanjuola ◽  
E. Ajayi ◽  
D. J. Ogunyemi ◽  
B. A. Boladuro ◽  
...  

The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of concrete feeding trough, semi-automatic feeder and their combination on growth performance of weaned pigs. Sixty weaned cross bred (Large white x Landrace) pigs of average initial weight of 9.04 Kg were grouped based on sex and assigned to three dietary treatments, comprising two replicates of 10 weaned pigs each. The design of the experiment was completely randomized design. A standard diet was prepared to meet the nutrient requirements of weaned pigs. The diet was fed to the animals in concrete feeding trough (T1), semi-automatic feeder and concrete feeding trough (T2) and semi-automatic feeder (T3). The experiment was partitioned into three periods (Weeks 1-4, 5-8 and 1-8). Feed and water were given unrestrictedly throughout the period of the experiment. The feed intake and weights of the pigs were recorded on weekly basis. Feed conversion ratio and daily weight gain were calculated and the study lasted for eight weeks. There was no significant (P>0.05) effect of feeders on final body weight, average daily weight gain, daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio. The overall performance showed that combination of the feeders (T2) improved daily weight gain (369.71 g), average daily feed intake (1021.14 g) and had the best feed conversion ratio (2.99). It could be concluded that combination of concrete feeding trough and semi-automatic feeders improved the growth performance of weaned pigs.


2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-240
Author(s):  
J.U. Igwebuike ◽  
F.O.I. Anugwa ◽  
N.G Ehiobu ◽  
S.A Ikurior ◽  
A.O. Raji

The effect of feeding up to 40% of Acacia albida pods (AAP) on the growth performance of growing rabbits was investigated. Sixty crossbred (Dutch x New Zealand white) rabbits; 7-8 weeks old were used for the 12-week study. The rabbits were individually weighed and assigned to the 5 diets in groups of 12 rabbits per treatment. The experimental diets contained 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% AAP in diets 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 respectively. The crude protein and energy levels of the diets were maintained at 18% and at least 3100kcal/kg respectively. The diets and drinking water were offered ad libitum. The crude fibre (CF) of the diet ranged from 11.22% in diet 1 10 14.84% in diet 5. The CF levels appreciated with increasing levels of AAP. A similar trend was observed for ether extract (4.78 to 6.90%), tannins (0.099 to 1.09%) and phyrins (128.58 10 285.71 mg). Feed intake did not differ significantly (P>0.05) among the groups on diets 1 (57.80g), 2 (55.89g), 3 (58.53g) and 4 (55.92g) hut was significantly (p<0.05) lower for those on diet 5 (53.07g/d). Weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of rabbits on all the diets do not differ significantly (p>0.05), though rabbits on diet 5 had slightly lower daily weight gain which cumulated into significantly lower final body weight of 1389.16g compared to 1605.83g for diet 1. Daily weight gain, FCR and PER were better in the first eight weeks compared to weeks 9 to 12. The corresponding values were 9.63 to 12.68 Vs 2.14 to 3.70g/d for daily weight gain, 4.73 to 5.78 Vs 14.22 to 22.11 for FCR and 0.90 to 1.20 Vs 0.23 to 0.41 for PER Thus, 20% AAP can be included in diets of rabbits without adverse effect on biological performance.


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