scholarly journals De Per Abbat a Pérez Reverte: el Cid, entre la tradición y el superventas en Sidi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Boix Jovaní
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Field ◽  
Epic Hero ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
El Cid ◽  
The Way

RESUMEN: La reciente incursión de Arturo Pérez-Reverte en territorio cidiano con su novela Sidi era, hasta cierto punto, previsible, pues el interés del autor por la historia y, especialmente, las hazañas bélicas y los héroes es de sobra conocido. Su obra está plagada de personajes como el famoso capitán don Diego Alatriste, pero, mientras que el capitán es un personaje surgido de la imaginación de Pérez-Reverte, el Cid es una figura firmemente integrada en la cultura española: a caballo entre la historia y la fantasía, el Cid cabalga a lomos de su leyenda desde la aparición del Cantar de Mio Cid. Desde entonces, no han sido pocos los autores que han seguido la estela del anónimo poeta y han recogido el mito en sus obras para ofrecernos su particular versión del mismo. Así, el héroe épico se convirtió en protagonista de obras de teatro, cuentos y novelas, y también la música o el cine, que sirvió para darlo a conocer entre el gran público a nivel internacional. A partir de un meticuloso análisis intertextual e interdiscursivo, el presente artículo muestra cómo Sidi incluye alguno de los episodios más famosos de la literatura cidiana, así como los tópicos épicos que configuran a Rodrigo Diaz como caballero ideal. Entre estos elementos tradicionales, se añaden los rasgos fundamentales del héroe cansado que protagoniza los textos revertianos, y, gracias a esta combinación de elementos antiguos y nuevos, el autor ha logrado convertir al Campeador en un personaje propio. ABSTRACT Arturo Pérez-Reverte’s recent incursion in the literary field of el Cid with his novel Sidi was, to a certain extent, predictable, as the author’s interest in history and, especially, war deeds and heroes is very well-known. His works are full of characters like the famous captain don Diego Alatriste, but, whereas the captain is a character born in Pérez-Reverte’s imagination, el Cid is a figure firmly integrated in Spanish culture: halfway between history and fantasy, el Cid’s legend has been developing since the Song of Mio Cid appeared. From that moment onwards, many authors followed the path of the anonymous poet and included this myth in their works to offer their own version of it. Therefore, the epic hero became the protagonist of plays in theatres, tales and novels, and also in music and cinema, which spread the legend internationally amongst a wider audience. Taking a thorough intertextual and interdiscursive analysis as its starting point, this article shows the way Sidi includes some of the most famous literary episodes devoted to el Cid and, also, the topoi that made Rodrigo Díaz an ideal knight. All these traditional elements are blended in the novel with the main features of the ‘tired hero’ who plays the lead in Pérez-Reverte’s texts, and, by this combination of new and old features, the author turns the Campeador into a character of his own.

Foggy Muddle

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-128
Author(s):  
Jesper Gulddal
Keyword(s):  
Popular Fiction ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Modes Of Operation ◽  
Circular Structure ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Car Accident ◽  
Investigative Process ◽  
The Way

This chapter on Dashiell Hammett’s The Dain Curse takes a narratively unmotivated car accident as the starting point for a discussion of genre negation as a force of innovation in Hammett’s writing. As a violent interruption of preestablished modes of operation, the accident embodies the way in which the novel relates to the conventions of popular fiction only to wreck and overturn them. Thus, the linearity of the investigative process is replaced with a circular structure; the purity of genre is replaced with references to a catalogue of popular fiction templates, none of which are fully executed; narrative closure is replaced with ambiguity and contingency; and the classic figure of the ‘sidekick’ is literarily blown to pieces in what Gulddal reads as another emblematic representation of the principle of genre mobility.

“The synapses colapse; well, let them…” el feminismo postmoderno de the stone diaries de Carol Shields

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Macarena Garcia-Avello
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Feminist Standpoint ◽  
Carol Shields ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Political Function ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Way

Este artículo examina la manera en que la metaficción postmoderna de Carol Shields en The Stone Diaries sirve de punto de partida para una crítica feminista desde la que se explora el carácter relacional y fragmentario del sujeto femenino. Aunque la crítica haya incidido en la vertiente feminista de la novela de Carol Shields, The Stone Diaries, el papel que juega el postmodernismo en la crítica feminista ha pasado desapercibido. El objetivo de este artículo es, por tanto, ahondar en la manera en que el feminismo se intercala con el postmodernismo en la obra de Shields. A lo largo de este  se demostrará cómo la confluencia entre la condición postmoderna y la construcción de la subjetividad de la protagonista proporciona a la obra una función política. Palabras clave: postmodernismo, feminismo, política, The Stone Diaries   This article examines the way in which postmodern metafiction in Carol Shields´ s The Stone Diaries can be understood as a starting point to explore the relational and fragmentary subjectivity from a feminist standpoint. Although most analysis on The Stone Diaries put an emphasis on the importance of feminism, the influence of postmodernism in Shields´s novel has been commonly overlooked. This article aims to delve into the interaction between feminism and postmodernism in order to demonstrate how this interplay provides the novel with a political function.   Key words: postmodernism, feminism, politics, The Stone Diaries.  

Jus in vi

2021 ◽  
pp. 200-232
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Brunstetter
Keyword(s):  
Just War ◽  
Just War Theory ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Jus In Bello ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Risk Principle ◽  
Psychological Risk ◽  
Risk Driving ◽  
The Way

Jus in vi is the set of moral principles governing how limited force is used. Taking the traditionalist jus in bello principles as a starting point, this chapter interrogates what necessity, proportionality, and distinction look like in a limited force context and makes the case for the novel psychological risk principle by evaluating how concepts such as “excessive,” “military advantage,” and “harms” and “goods” fit into our thinking about vim. The keystone of jus in vi is the predisposition toward maximal restraint maxim. The chapter thus begins by making the case for why jus in vi principles should be more restrictive than their jus in bello counterparts. It continues by exploring how a circumscribed view of necessity sets the groundwork for constraining proportionality calculations and shaping the way we think about distinction in more restricted ways. The notion of jus in vi proportionality is then explored, with concerns about escalation and psychological risk driving the analysis. Drawing insights from revisionist just war theory to consider jus in vi distinction, the chapter concludes by making the case for affording greater protections to both combatants and non-combatants compared to standard just war accounts. Unlike war, in which almost any soldier can be targeted, in a context of limited force only those who are an active threat can be justly targeted. Both innocent non-combatants and non-threatening combatants should be preserved from the more predictable harms of limited force, though this differs depending on whether the use of limited force is protective, preventive, or punitive.

scholarly journals THE FAVELA SPACE AND ITS IMPACTS IN THE STRIVE AGAINST COVID-19: a discussion on the literary texts

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. a12en
Author(s):  
Elisabete da Silva Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Field Work ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Spatial Representations ◽  
Literary Representations ◽  
Literary Field ◽  
Mortality Probability ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Many ◽  
The City ◽  
The Way

The objective of this work is to take literary representations of the shanty towns to discuss the way the unequal occupation of spaces impacts the contagion index of COVID-19, which in Brazil represents a higher mortality probability among the Afro-descendant population, which is mostly resident of degraded spaces in the city. To this end, spatial representations developed in the literary field work as a starting point for reflections on the center and periphery relationship and, consequently, for analyzing how the many discourses generated can make some places and, thus, their residents invisible.

L’absence chez Michel Butor. L’Emploi du temps et Degrés

2012 ◽  
pp. 66-80
Author(s):  
Michał Mrozowicki
Keyword(s):  
Human Memory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Narrative Discourse ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Michel Butor ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Narrative Mode ◽  
The City

Michel Butor, born in 1926, one of the leaders of the French New Novel movement, has written only four novels between 1954 and 1960. The most famous of them is La Modification (Second thoughts), published in 1957. The author of the paper analyzes two other Butor’s novels: L’Emploi du temps (Passing time) – 1956, and Degrés (Degrees) – 1960. The theme of absence is crucial in both of them. In the former, the novel, presented as the diary of Jacques Revel, a young Frenchman spending a year in Bleston (a fictitious English city vaguely similar to Manchester), describes the narrator’s struggle to survive in a double – spatial and temporal – labyrinth. The first of them, formed by Bleston’s streets, squares and parks, is symbolized by the City plan. During his one year sojourn in the city, using its plan, Revel learns patiently how to move in its different districts, and in its strange labyrinth – strange because devoid any centre – that at the end stops annoying him. The other, the temporal one, symbolized by the diary itself, the labyrinth of the human memory, discovered by the narrator rather lately, somewhere in the middle of the year passed in Bleston, becomes, by contrast, more and more dense and complex, which is reflected by an increasinly complex narration used to describe the past. However, at the moment Revel is leaving the city, he is still unable to recall and to describe the events of the 29th of February 1952. This gap, this absence, symbolizes his defeat as the narrator, and, in the same time, the human memory’s limits. In Degrees temporal and spatial structures are also very important. This time round, however, the problems of the narration itself, become predominant. Considered from this point of view, the novel announces Gerard Genette’s work Narrative Discourse and his theoretical discussion of two narratological categories: narrative voice and narrative mode. Having transgressed his narrative competences, Pierre Vernier, the narrator of the first and the second parts of the novel, who, taking as a starting point, a complete account of one hour at school, tries to describe the whole world and various aspects of the human civilization for the benefit of his nephew, Pierre Eller, must fail and disappear, as the narrator, from the third part, which is narrated by another narrator, less audacious and more credible.

Diligent Notes on Laziness: Oblomov, Lenin and the Capitalization of Laziness

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-258
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Work Analysis ◽  
Main Obstacle ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Russian Linguistic ◽  
The Way

The essay investigates the phenomenon of laziness by first analyzing the opposition between laziness and the good. Both utility and the good make reference to labor. This opposition between labor and laziness is pivotal in Oblomov, Ivan Goncharov’s famous novel written in 1859. It marks a radical transition from a feudal paradigm to a capitalistic one. The two main characters in the novel are Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, a Russian, and Andrey Ivanovich Stolz, a German, who together seem to personify the contradiction between laziness and labor. But the purpose of the essay is to deconstruct that opposition. In this connection, one can cite Kazimir Malevich, who maintained that laziness is the Mother of Perfection and is always unconsciously inherent in the conscious intent to work. Analysis of the Latin concepts of otium and negotium indicates that the laziness/labor opposition may be deconstructed as a dialectic between labor and its opposite. In other words, laziness does not stand in contradiction to labor but is instead its inseparable dialectical other. In the last part of the essay, the article considers the thinking of Anatoly Peregud, a poet who spent almost all his life in a psychiatric hospital. According to Peregud, Lenin derived his pseudonym from the Russian linguistic root “len” (laziness) in order to make laziness central to communism. For his part, Lenin saw Oblomov as an emblem of the main obstacle standing in the way of communism.

Parts of a Whole

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Champollion
Keyword(s):  
Algebraic Semantics ◽  
Reference Measurement ◽  
Single Constraint ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Accessible Format ◽  
The Way

Why can I tell you that I ran for five minutes but not that I *ran all the way to the store for five minutes? Why can you say that there are five pounds of books in this package if it contains several books, but not *five pounds of book if it contains only one? What keeps you from using *sixty degrees of water to tell me the temperature of the water in your pool when you can use sixty inches of water to tell me its height? And what goes wrong when I complain that *all the ants in my kitchen are numerous? The constraints on these constructions involve concepts that are generally studied separately: aspect, plural and mass reference, measurement, and distributivity. This work provides a unified perspective on these domains, connects them formally within the framework of algebraic semantics and mereology, and uses this connection to transfer insights across unrelated bodies of literature and formulate a single constraint that explains each of the judgments above. This provides a starting point from which various linguistic applications of mereology are developed and explored. The main foundational issues, relevant data, and choice points are introduced in an accessible format.

The Castle of Otranto

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horace Walpole
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Literary Genre ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Gothic Fiction ◽  
English Novel ◽  
Game Changer ◽  
The Way ◽  
The Grotesque

‘Look, my lord! See heaven itself declares against your impious intentions’ The Castle of Otranto (1764) is the first supernatural English novel and one of the most influential works of Gothic fiction. It inaugurated a literary genre that will be forever associated with the effects that Walpole pioneered. Professing to be a translation of a mysterious Italian tale from the darkest Middle Ages, the novel tells of Manfred, prince of Otranto, whose fear of an ancient prophecy sets him on a course of destruction. After the grotesque death of his only son, Conrad, on his wedding day, Manfred determines to marry the bride–to–be. The virgin Isabella flees through a castle riddled with secret passages. Chilling coincidences, ghostly visitations, arcane revelations, and violent combat combine in a heady mix that terrified the novel's first readers. In this new edition Nick Groom examines the reasons for its extraordinary impact and the Gothic culture from which it sprang. The Castle of Otranto was a game-changer, and Walpole the writer who paved the way for modern horror exponents.

Man and Wife

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilkie Collins
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Wilkie Collins ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Country House ◽  
Radical Critique ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Marriage Laws ◽  
Woman In White ◽  
The Moonstone ◽  
Status Of Women

This time the fiction is founded upon facts' stated Wilkie Collins in his Preface to Man and Wife (1870). Many Victorian writers responded to contemporary debates on the rights and the legal status of women, and here Collins questions the deeply inequitable marriage laws of his day. Man and Wife examines the plight of a woman who, promised marriage by one man, comes to believe that she may inadvertently have gone through a form of marriage with his friend, as recognized by the archaic laws of Scotland and Ireland. From this starting-point Collins develops a radical critique of the values and conventions of Victorian society. Collins had already developed a reputation as the master of the 'sensation novel', and Man and Wife is as fast moving and unpredictable as The Moonstone and The Woman in White. During the novel the atmosphere grows increasingly sinister as the setting moves from a country house to a London suburb and a world of confinement, plotting, and murder.

Engels on women, the family, class and gender

2021 ◽  
pp. 194277862110000
Author(s):  
Sheila Margaret McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Historical Materialism ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Women's Oppression ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Socialist Movement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

This article looks at Engels’s writings to show that his ideas about the role of labour in the evolution of human beings in a dialectical relationship between human beings and nature is a crucial starting point for understanding human society and is correct in its essentials. It is important for understanding that we developed as a species on the basis of social cooperation. The way human beings produce and reproduce themselves, the method of historical materialism, provides the basis for understanding how class and women’s oppression arose and how that can explain LGBTQ oppression. Although Engels’s analysis was once widely accepted by the socialist movement, it has mainly been ignored or opposed by academic researchers and others, including geographers, and more recently by Marxist feminists. However, anthropological research from the 1960s and 1970s as well as more recent anthropological and archaeological research provide overwhelming evidence for the validity of Engels’s argument that there were egalitarian, pre-class societies without women’s oppression. However, much remains to be explained about the transition to class societies. Engels’s analysis of the impact of industrial capitalism on gender roles shows how society shapes our behaviour. Engels’s method needs to be constantly reasserted against those who would argue that we are a competitive, aggressive species who require rules to suppress our true nature, and that social development is driven by ideas, not by changes in the way we produce and reproduce ourselves.

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