Evaluation of forage quality, feed value, and ensilability of Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) in Korea

Abstract Background Global warming and issues in favour of a more sustainable agriculture suggest a reconsideration of minor cereals in European agrosystems. Compared to other summer crops, proso millet has a remarkable drought resistance and could be used to improve crop rotation and biodiversity. Proso millet is also increasingly sought by industry to produce novel foods such as those designed for coeliac patients. In this study, a thorough characterization of 11, commercially available, proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) varieties was carried out as a preliminary step for crop reintroduction and breeding in Western Europe. Methods The cultivars under evaluation were introduced from Austria, Poland, Russia, and the USA (University of Nebraska–Lincoln). Plants were grown at Udine (NE Italy) and Gleisdorf (Styria, Austria), under greenhouse and field conditions, respectively. Yield components and a range of morphophysiological characters were recorded in both locations. In parallel, 85 SSR markers were tested on DNA samples extracted from randomly chosen plants of each variety and the 12 responsive markers used to genotype the whole variety set. Results Morphometric analyses showed that varieties have several diverging phenotypic traits and architectures. In all instances, yields recorded at field level were much lower than potential yields. In this respect, US selections were comparable to earlier developed European varieties, suggesting that breeding for an increased adaptation is the keystone for a stable reintroduction of millet in Western Europe. Molecular analyses uncovered remarkably low genetic differences and heterozygosity levels within cultivars, confirming millet as an essentially autogamous species; in contrast, large genetic distances were noted among cultivars selected in different environments. Results of SSR genotyping combined with those originating from phenotypic analyses indicated possible crosses to source the genetic variability necessary for selection. Conclusions This study enabled the identification of cultivars that could be used to revitalize the crop in Western Europe and to produce genetically variable hybrid progenies exploitable by breeding.

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Metabolism of a Pyrrolidine Urea Herbicide in Corn and Weeds

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500036419 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 10-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

R. E. Holm ◽

D. E. Stallard

Keyword(s):

Adventitious Roots ◽

Parent Compound ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Abutilon Theophrasti ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Hill Reaction ◽

Panicum Miliaceum ◽

Proso Millet ◽

Ipomoea Purpurea ◽

The Hill

Five 2,5-dimethyl-1-pyrrolidinecarboxanilides were effective inhibitors of the Hill reaction. However, only thecisisomers were active; thetransisomers were totally inactive. Experiments were conducted using14C-5328 (cis-2,5-dimethyl-1-pyrrolidinecarboxanilide). A correlation existed between resistance of various plants to 5328 and their ability to metabolize it to water soluble metabolites. Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedic.) and proso millet (Panicum miliaceumL.) seedlings were very susceptible to 5328 and were unable to metabolize it. Tall morningglory [Ipomoea purpurea(L.) Roth] seedlings were highly tolerant to 5328 and converted it completely to its metabolites. Corn (Zea maysL. ‘DeKalb variety XL-45′) seedlings which were slightly susceptible to 5328 injury were able to metabolize up to 90% of the parent compound. Corn foliage uptake of14C-5328 applied to the soil surface occurred through the adventitious roots.

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Effect of Nicosulfuron Timing on Wild-Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum) Control in Sweet Corn (Zea mays)1

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/0890-037x(2000)014[0377:eontow]2.0.co;2 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 377-382 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

BILL J. WILLIAMS ◽

R. GORDON HARVEY

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Panicum Miliaceum ◽

Proso Millet

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Irrigation with Coalbed Methane Co-Produced Water Reduces Forage Yield and Increase Soil Sodicity However Does Not Impact Forage Quality

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13063545 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 3545

Author(s):

Shital Poudyal ◽

Valtcho D. Zheljazkov

Keyword(s):

Fresh Water ◽

Coalbed Methane ◽

Produced Water ◽

Forage Quality ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Forage Yield ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Forage Crops ◽

Feed Value

The extraction of coalbed methane produces a significant amount of coalbed methane co-produced water (CBMW). Coalbed methane co-produced water is often characterized by high levels of pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium (Na) and bicarbonate (HCO−3) and if used for irrigation without treatment, it may be detrimental to the surrounding soil, plants and environment. CBMW ideally should be disposed of by reinjection into the ground, but because of the significant cost associated, CBMW is commonly discharged onto soil or water surfaces. This study was conducted to elucidate the effect of the CBMW (with TDS value of <1500 ppm) at various blending ratios with fresh water on the yield and quality of representative forage crops [i.e., oat (Avena sativa) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa)]. Various blends of CBMW with fresh water reduced fresh and dry weight of alfalfa by 21.5–32% and 13–30%, respectively and fresh and dry weight of oat by 0–17% and 0–14%, respectively. Irrigation with various blends of CBMW and fresh water increased soil pH and soil sodium adsorption ratio. However, forage quality parameters such as crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), total digestible nutrients (TDN) and relative feed value (RFV) of both forage crops remained unaffected.

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Cleaner production of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) in salt-stressed environment using re-watering: From leaf structural alleviations to multi-omics responses

Journal of Cleaner Production ◽

10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.130205 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 130205

Author(s):

Yuhao Yuan ◽

Jiajia Liu ◽

Qian Ma ◽

Yongbin Gao ◽

Qinghua Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cleaner Production ◽

Panicum Miliaceum ◽

Proso Millet

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Proso Millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) Breeding: Progress, Challenges and Opportunities

Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Cereals ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-23108-8_6 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 223-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dipak K. Santra ◽

Rituraj Khound ◽

Saurav Das

Keyword(s):

Panicum Miliaceum ◽

Proso Millet ◽

Challenges And Opportunities

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Nitrogen Application for Short-Term Forages in Saudi Arabia. II. Summer Annuals: Maize, Proso Millet and Foxtail Millet

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479700011649 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 281-289

Author(s):

P. W. Bartholomew ◽

R. J. Williams

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽

Foxtail Millet ◽

Forage Yield ◽

Setaria Italica ◽

Nitrogen Application ◽

Panicum Miliaceum ◽

Short Term ◽

Proso Millet ◽

Maize Variety

SUMMARYNitrogen fertilizer requirements and potential forage yield of maize and two millet types grown under irrigation in Saudi Arabia were assessed. Nitrogen application at 50 kg/ha produced mean yields of up to 15.7 t/ha in maize variety Pioneer H.3147. Splitting the nitrogen application did not significantly affect yield. Nitrogen above 100 kg/ha did not significantly increase DM yield of Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum). Mean total DM yields of 17.6 t/ha of Setaria italica were produced, after 111 days, with 150–200 kg/ha of nitrogen; 150 kg/ha of P2O5 produced a mean DM yield 7.9% higher than 75 kg P2O5/ha.

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