scholarly journals Designs for research of High Dilutons in animal models: an update

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (35) ◽  
pp. 80-80
Author(s):  
Adrian Alecu ◽  
Romeo Brezeanu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Daily Clinical Practice ◽  
Basic Requirement ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
High Dilutions

This article discusses the series of tests on animal experimental models carried out by our group to evaluate the effect of homeopathic preparations selected according to traditional criteria of pathogenetic similarity. Our overall experience indicates that it is not difficult to carry out experimental studies assaying homeopathic medicines in randomized placebo-controlled tests returning statistically analyzable results. The basic requirement for this purpose is to select validated experimental models. The simplest and most reliable ones are the ones arising from common daily clinical practice or those taken from classical pharmacological studies modified as to fit the goals of a homeopathic assay. By proceeding in this way it will be possible to build a sound body of evidence for the biological effects of high dilutions.

scholarly journals Designs for research of the High Dilutions in animals models: an update

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (30) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Adrian Alecu ◽  
Romeo Brezeanu ◽  
Gabriela Marcus ◽  
Adriana Cojocaru ◽  
Mariana Alecu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Daily Clinical Practice ◽  
Basic Requirement ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
High Dilutions

This article discusses the series of tests on animal experimental models carried out by our group to evaluate the effect of homeopathic preparations selected according to traditional criteria of pathogenetic similarity. Our overall experience indicates that it is not difficult to carry out experimental studies assaying homeopathic medicines in randomized placebo-controlled tests returning statistically analyzable results. The basic requirement for this purpose is to select validated experimental models. The simplest and most reliable ones are the ones arising from common daily clinical practice or those taken from classical pharmacological studies modified as to fit the goals of a homeopathic assay. By proceeding in this way it will be possible to build a sound body of evidence for the biological effects of high dilutions.

METHODS FOR SIMULATION OF ACUTE BRAIN ISCHEMIA: PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF SELECTION AND IMPORTANCE FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE

2019 ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
Б.И. Гельцер ◽  
Э.В. Слабенко ◽  
Ю.В. Заяц ◽  
В.Н. Котельников
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Ischemic Brain ◽  
Actual Clinical Practice ◽  
Acute Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Acute Brain Ischemia

Одним из основных требований к разработке экспериментальных моделей цереброваскулярных заболеваний является их максимальная приближенность к реальной клинической практике. В работе систематизированы данные по основным методам моделирования острой ишемии головного мозга (ОИГМ), представлена их классификация, анализируются данные о преимуществах и недостатках той или иной модели. Обсуждаются результаты экспериментальных исследований по изучению патогенеза ОИГМ с использованием различных моделей (полной и неполной глобальной, локальной и мультифокальной ишемии) и способов их реализации (перевязка артерий, клипирование, коагуляция, эмболизация и др.). Особое внимание уделяется «стабильности» последствий острого нарушения мозгового кровообращения: необратимых ишемических повреждений головного мозга или обратимых с реперфузией заданной продолжительности. Отмечается, что важное значение в этих исследованиях должно принадлежать современным методам прижизненной визуализации очагов острого ишемического повреждения, что позволяет оценивать динамику патологического процесса. Предлагаемый метод отвечает требованиям гуманного обращения с животными. Подчеркивается, что выбор релевантной модели ОИГМ определяется задачами предстоящего исследования и технологическими ресурсами научной лаборатории. Development of experimental models for acute forms of cerebrovascular diseases is essential for implementation of methods for their prevention and treatment. One of the principal requirements to such models is their maximum approximation to actual clinical practice. This review systematized major models of acute cerebral ischemia (ACI), their classification, and presented information about their advantages and shortcomings. Also, the review presented results of experimental studies on pathophysiological mechanisms of different types of modeled ACI (complete and incomplete global, local, and multifocal ischemia) and methods for creating these models (arterial ligation, clipping, coagulation, embolization, etc.). Particular attention was paid to “stability” of the consequences of acutely impaired cerebral circulation - an irreversible ischemic brain injury or a reversible injury with reperfusion of a given duration. The authors emphasized that in such studies, a special significance should be given to intravital imaging of acute ischemic damage foci using modern methods, which allow assessing the dynamics of the pathological process and meet the requirements to humane treatment of animals. The choice of a relevant ACI model is determined by objectives of the planned study and the technological resources available at the research laboratory.

scholarly journals Physical chemical and citotoxic evaluation of highly diluted solutions of Euphorbia tirucalli L. prepared through the fifty milesimal homeopathic method

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (31) ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Sheila Garcia ◽  
Rafael Cardoso Harduim ◽  
Fortune Homsanin ◽  
Carlos Renato Zacharias ◽  
Ricardo Machado Kuster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Refraction Index ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Euphorbia Tirucalli ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Seasonal Characteristics ◽  
High Dilutions ◽  
Different Populations

Background: although Hahnemann described the fifty-milesimal (LM) method in the 6th edition of the Organon of the Medical Art, very little research has been carried out on the physical chemical properties of these homeopathic preparations. Furthermore, there is still no evidence allowing for the correlation between the alleged physical chemical properties and the biological effects of high dilutions. Aims: to evaluate physical chemical characteristics of LM preparations including electrical conductivity, pH and refraction index, and their effect on biological experimental models. Materials and methods: preparations tested for physical chemical analysis were dilutions 1 lm to 10 lm of Euphorbia tirucalli L. prepared from the latex and the juice of the plant. To rule the seasonal characteristics of this plant, 2 different populations were used, one collected in June 2007 and the other in May 2008. Furthermore, the cytotoxic effect of Euphorbia tirucalli 5 lm was tested on human breast cancer cells (MCF7) through MTT assay. Some differences among the two collections were observed. However, any clear correlation could be observed between physical chemical properties and biological activity.

scholarly journals Immunology and Homeopathy. 3. Experimental Studies on Animal Models

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Bellavite ◽  
Riccardo Ortolani ◽  
Anita Conforti
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ultralow Doses ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Curative Effect ◽  
High Dilutions ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
High Doses

A search of the literature and the experiments carried out by the authors of this review show that there are a number of animal models where the effect of homeopathic dilutions or the principles of homeopathic medicine have been tested. The results relate to the immunostimulation by ultralow doses of antigens, the immunological models of the ‘simile’, the regulation of acute or chronic inflammatory processes and the use of homeopathic medicines in farming. The models utilized by different research groups are extremely etherogeneous and differ as the test medicines, the dilutions and the outcomes are concerned. Some experimental lines, particularly those utilizing mice models of immunomodulation and anti-inflammatory effects of homeopathic complex formulations, give support to a real effect of homeopathic high dilutions in animals, but often these data are of preliminary nature and have not been independently replicated. The evidence emerging from animal models is supporting the traditional ‘simile’ rule, according to which ultralow doses of compounds, that in high doses are pathogenic, may have paradoxically a protective or curative effect. Despite a few encouraging observational studies, the effectiveness of the homeopathic prevention or therapy of infections in veterinary medicine is not sufficiently supported by randomized and controlled trials.

scholarly journals Experimental models of sepsis and septic shock: an overview

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra G. Garrido ◽  
Luiz Francisco Poli de Figueiredo ◽  
Maurício Rocha e Silva
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Human Sepsis ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock

Sepsis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in surgical patients and trauma victims, mainly due to sepsis-induced multiple organ dysfunction. In contrast to preclinical studies, most clinical trials of promising new treatment strategies for sepsis have fails to demonstrate efficacy. Although many reasons could account for this discrepancy, the misinterpretation of preclinical data obtained from experimental studies, and especially the use of animal models that do not adequately mimic human sepsis may have been contributing factors. In this review, the benefits and limitations of various animal models of sepsis are discussed to clarify the extend to which findings are relevant to human sepsis, particularly with respect to the subsequent design and execution of clinical trials. Such models include intravascular infusion of endotoxin or live bacteria, bacterial peritonitis, cecal ligation and perforation, soft tissue infection, pneumonia or meningitis models, using different animal species including rats, mice, rabbits, dogs, pigs, sheep and nonhuman primates. Despite several limitations, animal models remain essential in the development of all new therapies for sepsis and septic shock, because they provide fundamental information about the pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and mechanism of drug action that cannot be duplicated by other methods. New therapeutic agents should be studies in infection models, even after the initiation of the septic process. Furthermore, debility conditions need to be reproduced to avoid the exclusive use of healthy animals, which often do not represent the human septic patient.

scholarly journals Experimental Models of Pulmonary Fibrosis and their Translational Potential

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Adamcakova Jana ◽  
Palova Romana ◽  
Mokra Daniela
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Preclinical Testing ◽  
Novel Treatment

Abstract Pulmonary fibrosis, represented mainly by idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, develops chronic and progressive changes in lung parenchyma with high mortality and limited therapeutic options. The aim of this review was to summarize the most common experimental models used in the research of pulmonary fibrosis. Lung damage associated with development of pulmonary fibrosis can be caused by irradiation or by instillation of bleomycin, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), silicon dioxide (silica), asbestos, etc. This article reviews the characteristics of the most frequently used animal models of fibrosis, including the limitations of their use. Although none of the used animal models resembles completely the changes in human pulmonary fibrosis, similarities between them allow preclinical testing of novel treatment approaches or their combinations in the laboratory conditions before their use in the clinical practice.

scholarly journals Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Lectins As Targets for Novel Antibacterials

Acta Naturae ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Grishin ◽  
M. S. Krivozubov ◽  
A. S. Karyagina ◽  
A. L. Gintsburg
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Human Tissues ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogens ◽  
New Compounds

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most widespread and troublesome opportunistic pathogens that is capable of colonizing various human tissues and organs and is often resistant to many currently used antibiotics. This resistance is caused by different factors, including the acquisition of specific resistance genes, intrinsic capability to diminish antibiotic penetration into the bacterial cell, and the ability to form biofilms. This situation has prompted the development of novel compounds differing in their mechanism of action from traditional antibiotics that suppress the growth of microorganisms or directly kill bacteria. Instead, these new compounds should decrease the pathogens ability to colonize and damage human tissues by inhibiting the virulence factors and biofilm formation. The lectins LecA and LecB that bind galactose and fucose, as well as oligo- and polysaccharides containing these sugars, are among the most thoroughly-studied targets for such novel antibacterials. In this review, we summarize the results of experiments highlighting the importance of these proteins for P. aeruginosa pathogenicity and provide information on existing lectins inhibitors and their effectiveness in various experimental models. Particular attention is paid to the effects of lectins inhibition in animal models of infection and in clinical practice. We argue that lectins inhibition is a perspective approach to combating P. aeruginosa. However, despite the existence of highly effective in vitro inhibitors, further experiments are required in order to advance these inhibitors into pre-clinical studies.

scholarly journals A systematic review about animal models in homeopathic research: the last five years of PubMed indexed papers

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-45
Author(s):  
Leoni Villano Bonamin ◽  
Thayna Neves Cardoso ◽  
Aloisio Cunha Carvalho ◽  
Juliana G Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
High Dilution ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
High Dilutions

Background: This review is part of a special issue of Journal “Homeopathy” (ELSEVIER) to be published in 2015, about the follow-up of researches published in the book titled “Ultra-High Dilution, Physiology and Physics”, written in 1994 and edited by PC Endler and J Schulte. In 2010 a critical and conceptual review about animal models in homeopathy and high dilution research was published by our group. Thus, the aim of this study is to know how models and conclusions have progressed in this field in the last five years. Animal models represent one of the most illustrative examples of the biological effects of homeopathy and high dilutions. The main contribution of these studies is the comprehension of biological features and the phenomenology towards the high dilutions effects upon living systems, which represents an important step to the understanding of mechanisms of action of homeopathic medicines. Methods: 53 articles indexed in the PubMed database were systematically evaluated, in which 12 different animal species were used. 29 out of 53 reported studies were performed with “ultra-high” dilutions, whereas 14 studies were performed using dilutions in the range or below 10-23 or with commercial complexes (10). Results: Only 02 negative results were reported, both using commercial complexes as tested medicine (one each in fish and bee model). Since 2010, the quality of employed methods, mainly statistics, has improved. The inclusion of more refined protocols, such as in vitro primary cell cultures and ex vivo protocols (10/53), often with three or more repetitions, could be observed. These new methods allowed to observe epigenetic mechanisms involved. Conclusion: The demonstration of biological effects of homeopathy on animal models, in the past 5 years, is more refined than those previously described, helping in the development of paths to the mechanism of action discovery.

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