scholarly journals High dilutions of acetone affect the Avena sativa growth in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (36) ◽  
pp. 249-252
Author(s):  
Bruno Reis ◽  
Rosimar Maria Marques ◽  
Hingrid Ariane da Silva ◽  
Mayara Assumpção Lolis ◽  
Kely Karina Belato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Lipid Membrane ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
State University ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
High Dilutions ◽  
Petri Dishes

Introduction: Acetone is an organic solvent with molecular structure CH3(CO)CH3, its endogenous production in the animal body is called ketosis. The production of this compound increases with the fat. Acetone influences the lipid membrane, altering its fluidity and lipid composition [1], causing cell damage and leakage and can cause cell death. The use of herbicides in organic farming is not accepted by the Brazilian legislation [2]. So the weed control becomes a problem for organic farmers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the herbicide potential of high dilutions of acetone on Avena sativa L. Materials and Methods: The preliminary tests were conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Homeopathy, State University of Maringá (UEM). The seeds of Avena sativa are placed in Petri dishes. Fitty seeds were germinated and grown in Petri dishes containing 15ml of high dilution of acetone and maintained at 25°C ± 2 and 12h photoperiod. Acetone dilutions (6, 12, 18, 24 and 30cH) were obtained according to the Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia [3]. Were evaluated the shoot length (cm), total length (cm), fresh root (mg) and total dry mass (mg). The plants growth was measured after 7 days. The control consisted of distilled water. The experiment evaluated 4 replicates of each treatment and the data were analyzed by ANOVA and means were compared by Scott-Knott test (P ≤ 0.05). Results and Discussion: Dilutions 6, 24 and 30 cH inhibited the growth of the shoot and total seedling of A. sativa. The root fresh weight was significantly reduced by 4 dilutions (6,12,24 and 30x), with no difference of 24x compared to the control. The total dry mass of plants of A. sativa was reduced in all the dilutions studied, showing an inhibitory effect on growth of seedlings subjected to treatment. Somehow, acetone diluited inhibited the growth and accumulation of biomass of these seedlings, suggesting an imbalance in metabolism that resulted in a reduction in the variables values. Conclusion: The results suggest that high dilutions acetone interfere on the growth and accumulation of biomass of A. sativa.

Inositol pyrophosphates modulate hydrogen peroxide signalling

2009 ◽  
Vol 423 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Maria Nancy Onnebo ◽  
Adolfo Saiardi
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Actin Polymerization ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Inositol Pyrophosphate ◽  
Direct Modification ◽  
Inositol Pyrophosphates

Inositol pyrophosphates are involved in a variety of cellular functions, but the specific pathways and/or downstream targets remain poorly characterized. In the present study we use Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants to examine the potential roles of inositol pyrophosphates in responding to cell damage caused by ROS (reactive oxygen species). Yeast lacking kcs1 [the S. cerevisiae IP6K (inositol hexakisphosphate kinase)] have greatly reduced IP7 (diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate) and IP8 (bisdiphosphoinositol tetrakisphosphate) levels, and display increased resistance to cell death caused by H2O2, consistent with a sustained activation of DNA repair mechanisms controlled by the Rad53 pathway. Other Rad53-controlled functions, such as actin polymerization, appear unaffected by inositol pyrophosphates. Yeast lacking vip1 [the S. cerevisiae PP-IP5K (also known as IP7K, IP7 kinase)] accumulate large amounts of the inositol pyrophosphate IP7, but have no detectable IP8, indicating that this enzyme represents the physiological IP7 kinase. Similar to kcs1Δ yeast, vip1Δ cells showed an increased resistance to cell death caused by H2O2, indicating that it is probably the double-pyrophosphorylated form of IP8 [(PP)2-IP4] which mediates the H2O2 response. However, these inositol pyrophosphates are not involved in directly sensing DNA damage, as kcs1Δ cells are more responsive to DNA damage caused by phleomycin. We observe in vivo a rapid decrease in cellular inositol pyrophosphate levels following exposure to H2O2, and an inhibitory effect of H2O2 on the enzymatic activity of Kcs1 in vitro. Furthermore, parallel cysteine mutagenesis studies performed on mammalian IP6K1 are suggestive that the ROS signal might be transduced by the direct modification of this evolutionarily conserved class of enzymes.

Polygalae Radix Extract Protects Cultured Rat Granule Cells Against Damage Induced by NMDA

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (04) ◽  
pp. 599-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Joo Lee ◽  
Ju Yeon Ban ◽  
Sang Bum Koh ◽  
Nak Sul Seong ◽  
Kyung Sik Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Granule Cells ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Glutamate Release ◽  
Neuronal Cell Death ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Trypan Blue Exclusion ◽  
Trypan Blue Exclusion Test

Polygalae Radix (PR) from Polygala tenuifolia (Polygalaceae) is traditionally used in China and Korea, as this herb has a sedative, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial agent. To extend our understanding of the pharmacological actions of PR in the CNS on the basis of its CNS inhibitory effect, the present study examined whether PR has the neuroprotective action against N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced cell death in primarily cultured rat cerebellar granule neurons. PR, over a concentration range of 0.05 to 5 μg/ml, inhibited NMDA (1 mM)-induced neuronal cell death, which was measured by a trypan blue exclusion test and a 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. PR (0.5 μg/ml) inhibited glutamate release into medium induced by NMDA (1 mM), which was measured by HPLC. Pre-treatment of PR (0.5 μg/ml) inhibited NMDA (1 mM)-induced elevation of intracellular Ca 2+ concentration ([ Ca 2+] i ), which was measured by a fluorescent dye, Fura 2-AM, and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These results suggest that PR prevents NMDA-induced neuronal cell damage in vitro.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect of Piceatannol on Streptococcus suis Infection Both in vitro and in vivo

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guizhen Wang ◽  
Yawen Gao ◽  
Xiuhua Wu ◽  
Xiue Gao ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Damage ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Streptococcus Suis ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Binding Effect ◽  
Factor Α

Suilysin (SLY) plays a critical role in Streptococcus suis infections making it an ideal target to the combat infection caused by this pathogen. In the present study, we found that piceatannol (PN), a natural compound, inhibits pore-formation by blocking the oligomerization of SLY without affecting the growth of S. suis and the expression of SLY. Furthermore, PN alleviated the J774 cell damage and the expression of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1α (IL-1β) induced by S. suis in vitro. The computational biology and biochemistry results indicated that PN binds to the joint region of D2 and D4 in SLY, and Asn57, Pro58, Pro59, Glu76, Ile379, Glu380, and Glu418 were critical residues involved in the binding. The binding effect between PN and SLY hindered the SLY monomers from forming the oligomers, thereby weakening the hemolytic activity of SLY. This mechanism was also verified by hemolysis analysis and analysis of KA formation after site-specific mutagenesis. Furthermore, PN protected mice from S. suis infections by reducing bacterial colony formation and the inflammatory response in target organs in vivo. These results indicate that PN is a feasible drug candidate to combat S. suis infections.

Zn(II) ions co-secreted with insulin suppress inherent amyloidogenic properties of monomeric insulin

2010 ◽  
Vol 430 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andra Noormägi ◽  
Julia Gavrilova ◽  
Julia Smirnova ◽  
Vello Tõugu ◽  
Peep Palumaa
Keyword(s):  
Amyloid Fibrils ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Osmotic Stability ◽  
Monomeric Insulin

Insulin, a 51-residue peptide hormone, is an intrinsically amyloidogenic peptide, forming amyloid fibrils in vitro. In the secretory granules, insulin is densely packed together with Zn(II) into crystals of Zn2Insulin6 hexamer, which assures osmotic stability of vesicles and prevents fibrillation of the peptide. However, after release from the pancreatic β-cells, insulin dissociates into active monomers, which tend to fibrillize not only at acidic, but also at physiological, pH values. The effect of co-secreted Zn(II) ions on the fibrillation of monomeric insulin is unknown, however, it might prevent insulin fibrillation. We showed that Zn(II) inhibits fibrillation of monomeric insulin at physiological pH values by forming a soluble Zn(II)–insulin complex. The inhibitory effect of Zn(II) ions is very strong at pH 7.3 (IC50=3.5 μM), whereas at pH 5.5 it progressively weakens, pointing towards participation of the histidine residue(s) in complex formation. The results obtained indicate that Zn(II) ions might suppress fibrillation of insulin at its release sites and in circulation. It is hypothesized that misfolded oligomeric intermediates occurring in the insulin fibrillation pathway, especially in zinc-deficient conditions, might induce autoantibodies against insulin, which leads to β-cell damage and autoimmune Type 1 diabetes.

scholarly journals Anti-Malarial and Anti-Lipid Peroxidation Activities of Deferiprone-Resveratrol Hybrid in Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 911
Author(s):  
Hataichanok Chuljerm ◽  
Supawadee Maneekesorn ◽  
Voravuth Somsak ◽  
Yongmin Ma ◽  
Somdet Srichairatanakool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Parasite Growth ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Product

Iron is essential for all organisms including fast-dividing malarial parasites. Inversely, iron chelators can inhibit parasite growth through the inhibition of DNA synthesis and can ameliorate oxidative cell damage. Deferiprone (DFP)-resveratrol (RVT) hybrid (DFP-RVT) is a lipophilic anti-oxidative, iron-chelating agent that has displayed potent neuroprotective and anti-plasmodium activities in vitro. The goal of this work was to investigate the inhibitory effects of DFP-RVT on parasite growth and oxidative stress levels during malaria infections. Mice were intraperitoneally infected with P. berghei and orally administered with DFP, DFP-RVT and pyrimethamine for 4 d. The percentage of parasitemia was determined using Giemsa’s staining/microscopic examination. Amounts of the lipid-peroxidation product, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS), were determined in both plasma and liver tissue. In our findings, DFP-RVT exhibited a greater potent inhibitory effect and revealed an improvement in anemia and liver damage in infected mice than DFP. To this point, the anti-malarial activity was found to be associated with anti-RBC hemolysis and the liver weight index. In addition, plasma and liver TBARS levels in the DFP-RVT-treated mice were lower than those in DFP-treated mice. Thus, DFP-RVT could exert anti-plasmodium, anti-hemolysis and anti-lipid peroxidation activities to a better degree than DFP in P. berghei-infected mice.

Effect of Dipyridamole on Spontaneous Platelet Aggregation in Whole Blood Decreases with the Time After Venepuncture: Evidence for the Role of ADP

1987 ◽  
Vol 58 (02) ◽  
pp. 744-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
A R Saniabadi ◽  
G D O Lowe ◽  
J C Barbenel ◽  
C D Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Adp Receptor ◽  
Spontaneous Platelet Aggregation

SummarySpontaneous platelet aggregation (SPA) was studied in human whole blood at 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 60 minutes after venepuncture. Using a whole blood platelet counter, SPA was quantified by measuring the fall in single platelet count upon rollermixing aliquots of citrated blood at 37° C. The extent of SPA increased with the time after venepuncture, with a correlation coefficient of 0.819. The inhibitory effect of dipyridamole (Dipy) on SPA was studied: (a) 10 μM at each time interval; (b) 0.5-100 μM at 3 and 30 minutes and (c) 15 μM in combination with 100 μM adenosine, 8 μM 2-chloroadenosine (2ClAd, an ADP receptor blocker) and 50 μM aspirin. There was a rapid decrease in the inhibitory effect of Dipy with the time after venepuncture; the correlation coefficient was -0.533. At all the concentrations studied, Dipy was more effective at 3 minutes than at 30 minutes after venepuncture. A combination of Dipy with adenosine, 2ClAd or aspirin was a more effective inhibitor of SPA than either drug alone. However, when 15 μM Dipy and 10 μM Ad were added together, the inhibitory effect of Dipy was not increased significantly, suggesting that Dipy inhibits platelet aggregation independent of Ad. The increase in SPA with the time after venepuncture was abolished when blood was taken directly into the anticoagulant containing 5 μM 2ClAd. It is suggested that ADP released from the red blood cells is responsible for the increased platelet aggregability with the time after venepuncture and makes a serious contribution to the artifacts of in vitro platelet function studies.

In Vitro Effects of Ethanol on Rabbit Platelet Aggregation, Secretion of Granule Contents, and Cyclic AMP Levels in the Presence of Prostacyclin

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (02) ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret L Rand ◽  
Peter L Gross ◽  
Donna M Jakowec ◽  
Marian A Packham ◽  
J Fraser Mustard
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rabbit Platelet ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Rabbit Platelets ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Aggregation Of Platelets

SummaryEthanol, at physiologically tolerable concentrations, inhibits platelet responses to low concentrations of collagen or thrombin, but does not inhibit responses of washed rabbit platelets stimulated with high concentrations of ADP, collagen, or thrombin. However, when platelet responses to high concentrations of collagen or thrombin had been partially inhibited by prostacyclin (PGI2), ethanol had additional inhibitory effects on aggregation and secretion. These effects were also observed with aspirin- treated platelets stimulated with thrombin. Ethanol had no further inhibitory effect on aggregation of platelets stimulated with ADP, or the combination of ADP and epinephrine. Thus, the inhibitory effects of ethanol on platelet responses in the presence of PGI2 were very similar to its inhibitory effects in the absence of PGI2, when platelets were stimulated with lower concentrations of collagen or thrombin. Ethanol did not appear to exert its inhibitory effects by increasing cyclic AMP above basal levels and the additional inhibitory effects of ethanol in the presence of PGI2 did not appear to be brought about by further increases in platelet cyclic AMP levels.

The Effect of Barbituric Acid Derivatives on Platelet Function in Vitro and in Vivo

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (02) ◽  
pp. 315-326
Author(s):  
J. Heinz Joist ◽  
Jean-Pierre Cazenave ◽  
J. Fraser Mustard
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Barbituric Acid ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
Sodium Pentobarbital ◽  
Barbituric Acid Derivatives

SummarySodium pentobarbital (SPB) and three other barbituric acid derivatives were found to inhibit platelet function in vitro. SPB had no effect on the primary response to ADP of platelets in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or washed platelets but inhibited secondary aggregation induced by ADP in human PRP. The drug inhibited both phases of aggregation induced by epinephrine. SPB suppressed aggregation and the release reaction induced by collagen or low concentrations of thrombin, and platelet adherence to collagen-coated glass tubes. The inhibition by SPB of platelet aggregation was readily reversible and isotopically labeled SPB did not become firmly bound to platelets. No inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation induced by ADP, collagen, or thrombin could be detected in PRP obtained from rabbits after induction of SPB-anesthesia.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document