scholarly journals Evaluation of performance and metabolism of dairy cows fed pea seeds (<i>Pisum sativum</i>) with different anti-nutritional content

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-142
Author(s):  
V. Melicharová ◽  
A. Pechová ◽  
R. Dvořák ◽  
L. Pavlata ◽  
V. Lubojacká
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
Pea Seeds ◽  
Meal Feeding ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

Abstract. The aim of this study is to determine the effect produced by selected pea cultivars with different anti-nutritional content on dairy cows’ metabolism. In the current ninety-day present, 32 dairy cows were divided into four groups (Z, G, GU and C). Three experimental groups (Z, G and GU) were fed a production mixture consisting of 25% pea seeds and the following: (Z – Zekon cultivar with low anti-nutritional content; G - Gotik cultivar with high antinutritional content; and GU – Gotik cultivar whose anti-nutritional content was reduced technologically). The control group was fed the production mixture with a higher proportion of extracted soybean meal and grain meal. Feeding rations were balanced to have an analogical composition of crude protein and energy. Feeding the pea supplement did not affect energy metabolism of the dairy cows. As for nitrogen metabolism, group Z showed higher concentrations of ammonia in rumen fluid and urea in blood compared to groups GU and C. No animal from the experimental groups showed reduced intake of feed. An insignificantly lower performance was noted (daily milk yield, protein production and lactose production) in group G. Overall, better results were observed in group Z. On the basis of the current study, peas can be used as an alternative source of proteins and energy in the diet of dairy cattle.

scholarly journals DAY-TO-DAY VARIATIONS IN FAT PERCENT OF COW'S MILK

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 731-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. ATWAL ◽  
J. D. ERFLE
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Supplemental Feeding ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Milk Fat Depression ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

Large day-to-day variations in milk fat, particularly for the morning milkings, were observed in 36 Holstein cows. Changes in percent fat were gradual and produced wavelike patterns in a number of instances. Supplemental feeding of long hay had no effect on acetate/propionate ratio in rumen fluid, daily milk yield or weighted milk fat percentage. Key words: Dairy cows, milk, fat depression, hay

scholarly journals Is rumenocentesis a safe technique to collect rumen fluid in dairy cows?

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. PANOUSIS ◽  
G. KITKAS ◽  
G. E. VALERGAKIS
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Safe Technique ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

Subacute ruminal acidosis is a major issue in dairy cattle and a definite diagnosis is only established by measuring the rumen fluid pH, most credibly collected by rumenocentesis. However, due to its invasive nature, there is still some debate whether it is a safe method or poses risks for cows’ health and welfare. The aim of the study was to retrospectively evaluate the safety of rumenocentesis as a technique to obtain rumen fluid in dairy cows. Results were derived from 2 studies. In study 1, rumenocentesis was performed in 153 Holstein cows from 12 herds, once, between 10 and 90 days in milk (DIM). In study 2, 83 Holstein cows from a dairy farm were repeatedly subjected to rumenocentesisat 30, 90 and 150 DIM. From the 83 cows that were initially enrolled, 8 were culled before the end of the study for reasons irrelative to rumenocentesis; therefore, 236 rumenocenteses were actually performed in study 2 (3 times in 75 cows, twice in 3 cows and once in 5 cows). All cows were monitored for 10 days after rumenocentesis for presence of complications. In addition, daily milk yield was automatically recorded for each cow in study 2 to detect any possiblepost-rumenocentesis short-term reduction of milk yield. Minor only complications were recorded in 7 cases: in 4/153 (2.61%) and 3/236 (1.27%) rumenocenteses in studies 1 and 2, respectively. Small diameter abscesses in 6 cows (3 in study 1 and 3 in study 2) and a larger one in 1 cow in study 1 were observed. The 3 small abscesses in study 2 were all recorded after the 1st rumenocentesis, at DIM 30. All 7 cases were resolved spontaneously within two weeks. Moreover, short-term daily milk yield of study 2 cows was not affected by rumenocentesis. The conclusion is that rumenocentesis is a safe technique to collect small volume of rumen fluid for SARA diagnosis, which does not compromise cows’ health and welfare when appropriately performed.

Efficacy of a lasalocid supplement in the diet of dairy cows in early lactation in a pasture-based dairy system

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 658 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Stockdale
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Production History ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

The lasalocid supplement, Bovatec, was fed to dairy cows at 300 mg of active ingredient for ~3 weeks precalving to up to 16 weeks postcalving in a pasture-based system. Sixty primiparous cows and 120 multiparous cows were allocated to equivalent control and lasalocid groups based on expected calving date, size and previous production history. To facilitate the feeding of the lasalocid, it was mixed with maize silage (~1 kg DM/cow.day) and fed as one feed on a concrete feed pad early in the morning each day before calving and before the afternoon milking during lactation. The control group received the maize silage without lasalocid. Otherwise, the feeding of both groups was exactly the same. The key response associated with adding lasalocid to the diet differed between the primiparous and multiparous cows. Although the average daily milk yield responses to lasalocid were not significant (P > 0.05) at 1.1 and 0.6 kg/cow for the primiparous and multiparous cows, respectively, significant (P < 0.05) increases in the milk yield of the primiparous cows were consistently recorded between weeks 5 and 15 of lactation. With the multiparous cows, there was a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the circulating concentrations of serum β-hydroxybutyrate in those fed the lasalocid, with this being related to a tendency (P = 0.087) for these animals to maintain higher body condition scores for much of the early lactation treatment period. There were no other treatment differences of biological importance.

scholarly journals Performance and Metabolism of Dairy Cows Fed Bean Seeds (Vicia faba) with Different Levels of Anti-Nutritional Substances

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Melicharová ◽  
Alena Pechová ◽  
Rudolf Dvořák ◽  
Leoš Pavlata
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Milk Performance ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Cattle Health ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Daily Milk

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of selected bean cultivars with different levels of anti-nutritional substances on performance and metabolism of dairy cows. In the current twelve-week-long study, 32 dairy cows at 3 to 6 weeks after parturition were divided into four groups. Diets were balanced to have an analogical content of crude protein and energy. Experimental groups (MI, ME, MET) were mixed to the milking concentrate consisting of 20% bean seeds (MI - MISTRAL cultivar with a low content of anti-nutritional substances; ME - MERKUR cultivar with high content of anti-nutritional substances; MET - MERKUR cultivar with technologically reduced the amount of anti-nutritional substances). Clinical evaluation of dairy cows’ health and feed intake showed no negative effect of the bean supplementations. Energy, nitrogen and mineral metabolisms were not impaired either. No significant differences were found between groups in milk performance (daily milk yield, protein and lactose production) during the study. On the basis of these results, the bean can be used in 20% in the milking concentrate of dairy cattle. Health risks associated with anti-nutritional content of the native bean are not significant for high-producing dairy cattle.

APPLICATION OF THE ENERGY-ANTIOXIDANT COMPLEX IN THE NUTRITION OF DAIRY COWS AND ITS EFFECT ON THE PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF MILK

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Ю.П. ФОМИЧЕВ ◽  
И.Ю. ЕРМАКОВ
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Quality Of Milk ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

Изучено влияние энергетика на основе пропиленгликоля в смеси с Spirulina platensis и дигидрокверцетином на молочную продуктивность, химический состав, физические и санитарно-гигиенические параметры молока при включении их в состав рациона коров черно-пестрой породы в транзитный период. В результате было получено от коров в среднем за 3 мес лактации по 2503 кг молока при среднесуточном удое 27,8 кг против 2361 кг и 26,2 кг в контроле при содержании в молоке массовой доли жира 3,78%, белка — 3,15%, в том числе казеина — 2,46% против 3,84, 3,14 и 2,43% соответственно, в молоке коров контрольной группы. По физическим и санитарно-гигиеническим параметрам молоко коров обеих групп соответствовало нормативным требованиям. Молоко животных, получавших энергетик, отличалось пониженной кислотностью и значительно меньшим, более чем в 1,5 раза, содержанием соматических клеток. The influence of propylene glycol-based Energizer mixed with Spirulina platensis and dihydroquercetin on milk productivity, chemical composition, physical and sanitary parameters of milk was studied. when they are included in the diet of black-breed cows in the transit period. As a result, 2503 kg of milk was obtained from cows on average for 3 months of lactation with an average daily milk yield of 27.8 kg against 2361 and 26.2 kg in the control group cows with a mass fraction of fat 3.78, protein 3.15, including casein 2.46% vs. 3.84, 3.14 and 2.43 %, respectively, in the milk of control group cows. In terms of physical and sanitary parameters, the milk of both groups of cows met the regulatory requirements. At the same time, the milk of cows that received energy bioactive Supplement was characterized by low acidity and significantly lower, more than 1.5 times, the content of somatic cells

Serum and Hair Trace Element and Mineral Levels in Dairy Cows in Relation to Daily Milk Yield

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena A. Sizova ◽  
Sergey A. Miroshnikov ◽  
Svetlana V. Notova ◽  
Olga V. Marshinskaya ◽  
Tatiana V. Kazakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Mineral Levels ◽  
Daily Milk

scholarly journals Impact Of Genotypes And Parity On Reproductive And Productive Attributes In Dairy Cattle Of Natore District, Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
M Saiful Islam ◽  
Susanta Kumar Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Daily Milk ◽  
Smallholder Dairy Farms

Impact of genotypes and parity on some vital reproductive and productive attributes in the local (L×L, n = 100) and four crossbred cows (L×F, L×SL, L×JR and L×S; n = 318) raised in randomly selected smallholder dairy farms scattered all over Natore District and adjacent areas have been assessed during a period from September 2007 to June 2010. With regard to reproductive attributes, significant differences existed among the cattle genotypes (P<0.05) except for gestation length (GL) and age at weaning (AW). The lowest age at puberty (AP) was found for L×F (21.42±0.37 months), while the highest for L×L (31.67±0.74 months). In terms of productivity, L×F cows produced the highest daily milk yield (DMY; 6.22±0.13 L), coupled with the highest total lactation yield (TLY; 2163.43±47.77 L), while L×L produced the lowest values (1.49±0.04 L and 416.40±12.3 L, respectively) for the traits. The effect of parity on both reproductive and productive attributes showed that the middle-aged dairy cows of the 3rd and 4th parities performed better than the younger (1st and 2nd parities) or the older (5th and beyond) ones. Considering the overall performance, the L×F cows could be ranked as the best genotype followed by their L×SL, L×JR, L×S and L×L counterparts in the study area. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v6i0.9727 JLES 2011 6: 91-96

scholarly journals THE NUTRITIONAL BALANCE OF EARLY LACTATION DAIRY COWS GRAZING IN INTENSIVE SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Sierra Montoya ◽  
Julian David Chará ◽  
Rolando Barahona-Rosales
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Forage Intake ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Daily Milk

Abstract A study was carried out to estimate the balance of metabolizable protein (MP), metabolizable energy (ME), calcium, and phosphorus in 12 recently calved (RC) and early lactation (EL, 42 - 50 days after calving) Gyr x Holstein dairy cows grazing in a Leucaena leucocephala and Cynodon plectostachyus intensive silvopastoral system (ISS) and receiving energy and protein supplementation. Dry matter (DM) availability from the grazing paddocks, nutrients offered and their balance were estimated. On average, the available forage DM per animal.day-1 was 44.7 kg for C. plectostachyus and 11.8 kg for L. leucocephala. EL cows had greater requirements of MP, ME, and minerals than RC cows. In RC cows, ME, MP, and mineral requirements were supplied by the total diet, while EL cows exhibited a negative energy balance. For both RC and EL cows, ME was the limiting dietary factor, whereas MP and P were found to be in excess. If cows were only to receive ISS forages with no supplementation, estimated daily milk yield would be 10 and 12 litters for RC and EL cows, respectively. Under tropical conditions, based on ISS forage intake, RC and EL cows can meet most of their ME, MP, calcium, and phosphorous requirements.

scholarly journals Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Culture on Ruminal Fermentation, Blood Metabolism, and Performance of High-Yield Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2401
Author(s):  
Xiaoge Sun ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Erdan Wang ◽  
Shu Zhang ◽  
Qianqian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Control Group ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Basal Ration

High-yield dairy cows with high-concentrate diets are more prone to experiencing health problems associated with rumen microbial imbalance. This study assessed the effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture (SC), a food supplement, on ruminal pH, volatile fatty acid (VFA), inflammatory cytokines, and performance of high-yield dairy cows. Forty Holstein cows with similar characteristics (e.g., milk yield, days of milk, and parity) were randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group fed the basal ration supplemented with the SC of 100 g of SC per cow per day (hour, SC group), and a control group fed the same basal ration diet without SC (i.e., CON group). On average, the supplementation of SC started at 73 days of lactation. The experimental period lasted approximately 70 days (from 18 January to 27 March 2020), including 10 days for dietary adaptation. Milk yield was recorded daily. Rumen fluid and milk samples were collected after 2 h of feeding in the morning of day 0, 15, 30, and 60. The data showed that rumen pH increased (p < 0.05) when cows were provided with SC. On average, the cows in the SC group produced 1.36 kg (p < 0.05) more milk per day than those in the CON group. Milk fat content of cows in the SC group was also higher (4.11% vs. 3.96%) (p < 0.05). Compared with the CON group, the concentration of acetic acid in the rumen fluid of dairy cows in the SC group was significantly higher (p < 0.05). There were no differences (p > 0.05) found in milk protein content and propionic acid between groups. The SC group had a tendency increase in butyric acid (p = 0.062) and total VFA (p = 0.058). The result showed that SC supplementation also enhanced the ratio between acetic and propionic. Most of the mean inflammatory cytokine (IL-2, IL-6, γ-IFN, and TNF-α) concentrations (p < 0.05) of the SC group were lower than CON group. This study demonstrated that high-yield cows receiving supplemental SC could produce more milk with higher fat content, have higher rumen acetate, and potentially less inflammatory cytokines.

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