scholarly journals A statistical study of <i>Weinmannia</i> pollen trajectories across the Andes

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Pérez ◽  
M. E. Castañeda ◽  
M. I. Gassmann ◽  
M. M. Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Airborne Pollen ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Circulation Pattern ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Pollen Transport ◽  
Southern Patagonia ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
San Carlos ◽  
Chilean Region

Abstract. Recent airborne pollen records data from Northern Patagonia (San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina, Lat. 41.1435° S, Long. 71.375° W, 800 m elevation) suggest that pollen transport takes place from the west to the east slope of the Andes. However, the atmospheric characteristics responsible of this transport have not yet been studied. The aim of this paper is to assess potential source areas and to describe the involved atmospheric mechanisms of the trans-Andean pollen transport. Methodology relies on the analysis of backward trajectories of air masses calculated with the HYSPLIT 4.9 regional model for particular days where airborne pollen of Weinmannia trichosperma Cav. was detected east of the Andes. This pollen type was selected because it is found regularly at localities in eastern Patagonia beyond its present-day distribution. Weinmannia's substantial presence during early Holocene times would also benefit from better knowledge of its transport mechanisms. Correspondence between atmospheric trajectories and the position of sources was checked using GIS maps. Mode T, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with Varimax rotation was used to identify the main spatial structure of geopotential height anomalies producing the calculated trajectories. Eighty-eight cases showed that the calculated directions of trajectories trended from the Northwest to Southwest passing over the Chilean region of W. trichosperma distribution. PCs results showed two patterns of negative anomalies over southern Patagonia. The prevailing circulation pattern which drives airborne transport is the presence of a trough located south of 37 to 40° S with its axis over western Patagonia. The synoptic situations for two cases highly correlated with principal component scores were described.

scholarly journals Suitability Analysis of 17 Probiotic Type Strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria as Starter for Kimchi Fermentation

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1435
Author(s):  
Hee Seo ◽  
Jae-Han Bae ◽  
Gayun Kim ◽  
Seul-Ah Kim ◽  
Byung Hee Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Suitability Analysis ◽  
Moderate Growth ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Type Strains

The use of probiotic starters can improve the sensory and health-promoting properties of fermented foods. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as a starter for kimchi fermentation. Seventeen probiotic type strains were tested for their growth rates, volatile aroma compounds, metabolites, and sensory characteristics of kimchi, and their characteristics were compared to those of Leuconostoc (Le.) mesenteroides DRC 1506, a commercial kimchi starter. Among the tested strains, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Limosilactobacillus reuteri, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, and Ligilactobacillus salivarius exhibited high or moderate growth rates in simulated kimchi juice (SKJ) at 37 °C and 15 °C. When these five strains were inoculated in kimchi and metabolite profiles were analyzed during fermentation using GC/MS and 1H-NMR, data from the principal component analysis (PCA) showed that L. fermentum and L. reuteri were highly correlated with Le. mesenteroides in concentrations of sugar, mannitol, lactate, acetate, and total volatile compounds. Sensory test results also indicated that these three strains showed similar sensory preferences. In conclusion, L. fermentum and L. reuteri can be considered potential candidates as probiotic starters or cocultures to develop health-promoting kimchi products.

A 3-year airborne pollen and fungal spores record in San Carlos de Bariloche, Patagonia, Argentina

Aerobiologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Martha Bianchi ◽  
Susana Ester Olabuenaga
Keyword(s):  
Airborne Pollen ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
San Carlos

scholarly journals Eastern Andean environmental and climate synthesis for the last 2000 years BP from terrestrial pollen and charcoal records of Patagonia

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 2121-2157 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Sottile ◽  
M. E. Echeverria ◽  
M. V. Mancini ◽  
M. M. Bianchi ◽  
M. A. Marcos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Proxy Records ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Precipitation Regimes ◽  
Southern Patagonia

Abstract. The Southern Hemisphere Westerly Winds (SWW) constitute an important zonal circulation system that dominates the dynamics of Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude climate. Little is known about climatic changes in the Southern South America in comparison to the Northern Hemisphere due to the low density of proxy records, and adequate chronology and sampling resolution to address environmental changes of the last 2000 years. Since 2009, new pollen and charcoal records from bog and lakes in northern and southern Patagonia at the east side of the Andes have been published with an adequate calibration of pollen assemblages related to modern vegetation and ecological behaviour. In this work we improve the chronological control of some eastern Andean previously published sequences and integrate pollen and charcoal dataset available east of the Andes to interpret possible environmental and SWW variability at centennial time scales. Through the analysis of modern and past hydric balance dynamics we compare these scenarios with other western Andean SWW sensitive proxy records for the last 2000 years. Due to the distinct precipitation regimes that exist between Northern (40–45° S) and Southern Patagonia (48–52° S) pollen sites locations, shifts on latitudinal and strength of the SWW results in large changes on hydric availability on forest and steppe communities. Therefore, we can interpret fossil pollen dataset as changes on paleohydric balance at every single site by the construction of paleohydric indices and comparison to charcoal records during the last 2000 cal yrs BP. Our composite pollen-based Northern and Southern Patagonia indices can be interpreted as changes in latitudinal variation and intensity of the SWW respectively. Dataset integration suggest poleward SWW between 2000 and 750 cal yrs BP and northward-weaker SWW during the Little Ice Age (750–200 cal yrs BP). These SWW variations are synchronous to Patagonian fire activity major shifts. We found an in phase fire regime (in terms of timing of biomass burning) between northern Patagonia Monte shrubland and Southern Patagonia steppe environments. Conversely, there is an antiphase fire regime between Northern and Southern Patagonia forest and forest-steppe ecotone environments. SWW variability may be associated to ENSO variability especially during the last millennia. For the last 200 cal yrs BP we can concluded that the SWW belt were more intense and poleward than the previous interval. Our composite pollen-based SWW indices show the potential of pollen dataset integration to improve the understanding of paleohydric variability especially for the last 2000 millennial in Patagonia.

Airborne Pollen Transport

2012 ◽  
pp. 127-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Sofiev ◽  
Jordina Belmonte ◽  
Regula Gehrig ◽  
Rebeca Izquierdo ◽  
Matt Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airborne Pollen ◽  
Pollen Transport

Implementation of Reduce AI-NN Model for Highly Accurate Blood Pressure Measurement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry Lin ◽  
Rajeev Kumar Pandey ◽  
Paul C.-P. Chao
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
British Hypertension Society ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Pca Method ◽  
Highly Correlated

Abstract This study proposes a reduce AI model for the accurate measurement of the blood pressure (BP). In this study varied temporal periods of photoplethysmography (PPG) waveforms is used as the features for the artificial neural networks to estimate blood pressure. A nonlinear Principal component analysis (PCA) method is used herein to remove the redundant features and determine a set of dominant features which is highly correlated to the Blood pressure (BP). The reduce features-set not only helps to minimize the size of the neural network but also improve the measurement accuracy of the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The designed Neural Network has the 5-input layer, 2 hidden layers (32 nodes each) and 2 output nodes for SBP and DBP, respectively. The NN model is trained by the PPG data sets, acquired from the 96 subjects. The testing regression for the SBP and DBP estimation is obtained as 0.81. The resultant errors for the SBP and DBP measurement are 2.00±6.08 mmHg and 1.87±4.09 mmHg, respectively. According to the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) and British Hypertension Society (BHS) standard, the measured error of ±6.08 mmHg is less than 8 mmHg, which shows that the device performance is in grade “A”.

Multivariate analyses on heavy metal binding fractions of river sediments in Southern Taiwan

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Yu ◽  
C. Y. Chang ◽  
L. J. Tsai ◽  
S. T. Ho
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fe Oxides ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Southern Taiwan ◽  
Highly Correlated

This study depicts the amounts of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Co, and Ni) bound to four geochemical compositions of sediments (carbonates, Mn oxides, Fe oxides, and organic matters), and the correlations between various geochemical compositions and their heavy-metal complexes. Hundreds of data, obtained from sediments of five main rivers (located in southern Taiwan), were analyzed by using multivariate analysis method. Among the four different geochemical compositions, the total amount of the six heavy metals bound to organic matter is the highest. Zn is easily bound to various geochemical compositions, especially carbonates in sediments of the Yenshui river and the Potzu river (i.e., the heavily heavy-metal polluted sediments); Cr, Pb, and Ni are mainly bound to both Fe oxides and organic matter; Cu has high affinity to organic matter. By performing principal component analyses, the data points of organic matter and both Pb and Cu associated with organic matter cluster together in sediments ofthe Peikang, the Potzu, and the Yenshui rivers, which indicates both Pb and Cu might be discharged from the same pollution sources in these rivers. Moreover, correlations between any two binding fractions of heavy metal associated with Fe oxides in different rivers are not consistent, which indicates some factors including the binding sites of Fe oxides, the extent of heavy metal pollution, binding competitions between heavy metals may affect the amounts of heavy metals bound to Fe oxides. Furthermore, it should be noted that the amount of Pb bound to Fe oxides is highly correlated with the amount of Fe oxides in sediments of the Peikang, the Potzu, and the Yenshui rivers.

scholarly journals Quality Control and Peak Finding for Proteomics Data Collected from Nipple Aspirate Fluid by Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption and Ionization

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1615-1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin R Coombes ◽  
Herbert A Fritsche ◽  
Charlotte Clarke ◽  
Jeng-neng Chen ◽  
Keith A Baggerly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Mahalanobis Distance ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Nipple Aspirate Fluid ◽  
Proteomics Data ◽  
Proteinchip Array ◽  
Control Procedures ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Novel Algorithms

Abstract Background: Recently, researchers have been using mass spectroscopy to study cancer. For use of proteomics spectra in a clinical setting, stringent quality-control procedures will be needed. Methods: We pooled samples of nipple aspirate fluid from healthy breasts and breasts with cancer to prepare a control sample. Aliquots of the control sample were used on two spots on each of three IMAC ProteinChip® arrays (Ciphergen Biosystems, Inc.) on 4 successive days to generate 24 SELDI spectra. In 36 subsequent experiments, the control sample was applied to two spots of each ProteinChip array, and the resulting spectra were analyzed to determine how closely they agreed with the original 24 spectra. Results: We describe novel algorithms that (a) locate peaks in unprocessed proteomics spectra and (b) iteratively combine peak detection with baseline correction. These algorithms detected ∼200 peaks per spectrum, 68 of which are detected in all 24 original spectra. The peaks were highly correlated across samples. Moreover, we could explain 80% of the variance, using only six principal components. Using a criterion that rejects a chip if the Mahalanobis distance from both control spectra to the center of the six-dimensional principal component space exceeds the 95% confidence limit threshold, we rejected 5 of the 36 chips. Conclusions: Mahalanobis distance in principal component space provides a method for assessing the reproducibility of proteomics spectra that is robust, effective, easily computed, and statistically sound.

Two new species of lizards from the Liolaemus lineomaculatus section (Squamata: Iguania: Liolaemidae) from southern Patagonia

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3120 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA FLORENCIA BREITMAN ◽  
MICAELA PARRA ◽  
CRISTIAN HERNÁN FULVIO PÉREZ ◽  
JACK WALTER SITES, JR.
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Southern Patagonia ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Genetic Characters

Two new species of the lineomaculatus clade of the Liolaemus lineomaculatus section are described from southern Patagonia in Argentina. Liolaemus morandae sp. nov. is found in S Chubut province and Liolaemus avilae sp. nov. inhabits NW Santa Cruz province. Several tests were performed to diagnose these new species as distinct lineages. Univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA), principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant function analysis (DFA), non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance (NPMANOVA), as well as a genetic characterization through molecular analysis of variance (AMOVA) were performed; genetic distances between described and these new species are reported. The new Liolaemus species differ from other members of the lineomaculatus group in morphometric, meristic, qualitative and genetic characters; moreover they inhabit different phytogeographical provinces and districts. With these descriptions, the number of species now recognized in the lineomaculatus section is twenty one (including one more description that is in press).

Holocene Trends in 18O in Land Snail Shells from the Negev Desert and Their Implications for Changes in Rainfall Source Areas

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (3-Part1) ◽  
pp. 417-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn A. Goodfriend
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Source Region ◽  
Circulation Pattern ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Negev Desert ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Stable Pattern ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Shell Carbonate

AbstractThe δ18O value of the carbonate of land snail shells is related to the 18O content of precipitation, which in turn relates to the source region and trajectory of the rain-bearing air masses. Analyses of 18O of the shell carbonate of 76 radiocarbon-dated Holocene samples of the land snail Trochoidea seetzeni from the northern Negev Desert in southern Israel were carried out and the results were compared to modern snails from the same region. Early Holocene δ18O values are similar to modern but during the period centered around 6500-6000 yr B.P., a depletion of some 2%. below modern is observed. A change in the atmospheric circulation pattern for this period is thus indicated, most likely an increase in the frequency of storm systems reaching the region from north-eastern Africa. By 3500 yr B.P., δ18O values had reached modern levels and indicate a stable pattern of atmospheric circulation since that time.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document