scholarly journals The properties and causes of rippling in quasi-perpendicular collisionless shock fronts

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Lowe ◽  
D. Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Wave Mode ◽  
Fluid Simulation ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Collisionless Shock ◽  
Collisionless Shocks ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
High Mach ◽  
Normal Magnetic Field ◽  
Shock Fronts

Abstract. The overall structure of quasi-perpendicular, high Mach number collisionless shocks is controlled to a large extent by ion reflection at the shock ramp. Departure from a strictly one-dimensional structure is indicated by simulation results showing that the surface of such shocks is rippled, with variations in the density and all field components. We present a detailed analysis of these shock ripples, using results from a two-dimensional hybrid (particle ions, electron fluid) simulation. The process that generates the ripples is poorly understood, because the large gradients at the shock ramp make it difficult to identify instabilities. Our analysis reveals new features of the shock ripples, which suggest the presence of a surface wave mode dominating the shock normal magnetic field component of the ripples, as well as whistler waves excited by reflected ions.Key words. Space plasma physics (numerical simulation studies; shock waves; waves and instabilities)

scholarly journals Adaptation of the de Hoffmann–Teller frame for quasi-perpendicular collisionless shocks

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Comişel ◽  
Y. Narita ◽  
U. Motschmann
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Shock Layer ◽  
Local Magnetic Field ◽  
Sliding Velocity ◽  
Collisionless Shock ◽  
Collisionless Shocks ◽  
Particle In Cell ◽  
Cell Simulation ◽  
High Mach

Abstract. The concept of the de Hoffmann–Teller frame is revisited for a high Mach-number quasi-perpendicular collisionless shock wave. Particle-in-cell simulation shows that the local magnetic field oscillations in the shock layer introduce a residual motional electric field in the de Hoffmann–Teller frame, which is misleading in that one may interpret that electrons were not accelerated but decelerated in the shock layer. We propose the concept of the adaptive de Hoffmann–Teller (AHT) frame in which the residual convective field is canceled by modulating the sliding velocity of the de Hoffmann–Teller frame. The electrostatic potential evaluated by Liouville mapping supports the potential profile obtained by electric field in this adaptive frame, offering a wide variety of applications in shock wave studies.

Porous N-doped graphitic carbon assembled one-dimensional hollow structures as high performance electrocatalysts for ORR

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (15) ◽  
pp. 12467-12471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiong Luo ◽  
Liyong Chen ◽  
Binhua Duan ◽  
Zhizhi Gu ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Graphitic Carbon ◽  
Special Structure ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Template Method ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Sacrificial Template ◽  
Hollow Structures ◽  
Electrocatalytic Performance ◽  
Hierarchical Porous

Hierarchical porous and hollow N-doped graphitic carbon with one-dimensional structure was successfully achieved by a sacrificial template method, and exhibited an enhanced electrocatalytic performance towards ORR due to its special structure.

One-Dimensional Fluorescent Nanosized-Diamond Nanowires with Fluorescent Detection of Vitamin B12

NANO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (07) ◽  
pp. 1950084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jilong Wang ◽  
Siheng Su ◽  
Jingjing Qiu ◽  
Shiren Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Anodic Aluminum Oxide Template ◽  
Fluorescent Detection ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Fluorescent Properties ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Sensitivity And Selectivity ◽  
The One

In this paper, a novel and facile method to achieve fluorescent nanosized-diamond based nanowire (NW) is reported. One-dimensional (1D) organic NW has received tremendous attention due to its superior chemical functionality and size-, shape-, and material-dependent properties. In addition, nanosized-diamond is comprehensively studied and investigated due to superior tunable fluorescent properties, cost-effectiveness, facile manufacturing and high biocompatibility. Through thermal treatment, sulfur-modified nanosized-diamond was fabricated by mixing oxidized nanosized-diamond and dibenzyl disulfide at 900∘C. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and zeta potential were employed to characterize sulfur-modified nanosized-diamond. After that, porous anodic aluminum oxide template-assisted cathodic electrophoretic deposition method was used to achieve sulfur-modified nanosized-diamond NW. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were applied to present the one-dimensional structure of the NWs. The optical properties of sulfur nanosized-diamond NW were characterized via ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Finally, the as-synthesized sulfur-modified nanosized-diamond NW-based optical sensor was fabricated to detect vitamin B[Formula: see text] with high sensitivity and selectivity.

scholarly journals Optimising Matrix Product State Simulations of Shor's Algorithm

Quantum ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aidan Dang ◽  
Charles D. Hill ◽  
Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Matrix Product ◽  
Product State ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Matrix Product State ◽  
Shor's Algorithm ◽  
The One ◽  
High Level ◽  
Space Requirements ◽  
Factoring Algorithm

We detail techniques to optimise high-level classical simulations of Shor's quantum factoring algorithm. Chief among these is to examine the entangling properties of the circuit and to effectively map it across the one-dimensional structure of a matrix product state. Compared to previous approaches whose space requirements depend on r, the solution to the underlying order-finding problem of Shor's algorithm, our approach depends on its factors. We performed a matrix product state simulation of a 60-qubit instance of Shor's algorithm that would otherwise be infeasible to complete without an optimised entanglement mapping.

(NH4)[B3PO6(OH)3]·0.5H2O

2007 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. i185-i185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Jingtai Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Network ◽  
Ammonium Ions ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Bond Network ◽  
Solvothermal Conditions

The title compound, ammonium catena-[monoboro-monodihydrogendiborate-monohydrogenphosphate] hemihydrate, was obtained under solvothermal conditions using glycol as the solvent. The crystal structure is constructed of one-dimensional infinite borophosphate chains, which are interconnected by ammonium ions and water molecules via a complex hydrogen-bond network to form a three-dimensional structure. The water molecules of crystallization are disordered over inversion centres, and their H atoms were not located.

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