scholarly journals Effects of the climate change on regional ozone dry deposition

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
E. Kolozsi-Komjáthy ◽  
R. Mészáros ◽  
I. Lagzi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Deposition Velocity ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Ozone Deposition ◽  
Elevated Ozone ◽  
Deposition Velocities

Abstract. This impact study investigates connections between the regional climate change and the tropospheric ozone deposition over different vegetations in Hungary due to the possible changes of atmospheric and environmental properties. The spatial and temporal variability of the dry deposition velocity of ozone was estimated for different time periods (1961–1990 for reference period and two future scenarios: 2021–2050 and 2071–2100). Simulations were performed with a sophisticated deposition model using the RegCM regional climate model results as an input. We found a significant reduction of the ozone deposition velocities during summer months, which predicts less ozone damage to the vegetation in the future. However elevated ozone concentration and changed plant physiology can compensate the effect of this reduction.

scholarly journals Incorrect Asian aerosols affecting the attribution and projection of regional climate change in CMIP6 models

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhili Wang ◽  
Lei Lin ◽  
Yangyang Xu ◽  
Huizheng Che ◽  
Xiaoye Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Anthropogenic Aerosol ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractAnthropogenic aerosol (AA) forcing has been shown as a critical driver of climate change over Asia since the mid-20th century. Here we show that almost all Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models fail to capture the observed dipole pattern of aerosol optical depth (AOD) trends over Asia during 2006–2014, last decade of CMIP6 historical simulation, due to an opposite trend over eastern China compared with observations. The incorrect AOD trend over China is attributed to problematic AA emissions adopted by CMIP6. There are obvious differences in simulated regional aerosol radiative forcing and temperature responses over Asia when using two different emissions inventories (one adopted by CMIP6; the other from Peking university, a more trustworthy inventory) to driving a global aerosol-climate model separately. We further show that some widely adopted CMIP6 pathways (after 2015) also significantly underestimate the more recent decline in AA emissions over China. These flaws may bring about errors to the CMIP6-based regional climate attribution over Asia for the last two decades and projection for the next few decades, previously anticipated to inform a wide range of impact analysis.

A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Vegetation Cover and Regional Climate Change in Jiangsu Area of China

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 916-922
Author(s):  
Yan Rong Yang ◽  
Zhe Kong ◽  
Chun Ming Liu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between vegetation cover and climate change is one of the most important research fields in global change. Herein Jiangsu province and thereabout in China is chosen to be the research field. Under the support of observations from normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI) during years from 1998 to 2008 and corresponding benchmark weather stations, the relationship between vegetation and climate change had been analyzed combined with simulations from regional climate model RegCM3, in perspectives of point vegetation cover amount and area vegetation cover type respectively. Conclusions are: (1) Points observations showed that NDVI had positive correlation with annual total precipitation and negative correlation with annual average temperature. (2) Area simulations showed that two different vegetation types in south and north Jiangsu almost had same 8warming value, but the incremental annual precipitation amount is more significant in south Jiangsu.

Incorrect Asian aerosols affecting the attribution and projection of regional climate change in CMIP6 models 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Lin ◽  
Zhili Wang ◽  
Yangyang Xu ◽  
Huizheng Che ◽  
Xiaoye Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Anthropogenic Aerosol ◽  
Wide Range

<p><span>Anthropogenic aerosol (AA) forcing has been shown as a critical driver of climate change over Asia since the mid-20th century. Here we show that almost all Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models fail to capture the observed dipole pattern of aerosol optical depth (AOD) trends over Asia during 2006–2014, last decade of CMIP6 historical simulation, due to an opposite trend over eastern China compared with observations. The incorrect AOD trend over China is attributed to problematic AA emissions adopted by CMIP6. There are obvious differences in simulated regional aerosol radiative forcing and temperature responses over Asia when using two different emissions inventories (one adopted by CMIP6; the other from Peking university, a more trustworthy inventory) to driving a global aerosol-climate model separately. We further show that some widely adopted CMIP6 pathways (after 2015) also significantly underestimate the more recent decline in AA emissions over China. These flaws may bring about errors to the CMIP6-based regional climate attribution over Asia for the last two decades and projection for the next few decades, previously anticipated to inform a wide range of impact analysis.</span></p>

scholarly journals Potential Value of Expert Elicitation for Determining Differential Credibility of Regional Climate Change Simulations: An Exercise with the NARCCAP co-PIs for the Southwest Monsoon Region of North America

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda O. Mearns ◽  
Melissa S. Bukovsky ◽  
Vanessa J. Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Expert Elicitation ◽  
Model Quality ◽  
Model Simulations ◽  
The North ◽  
Climate Model Simulations

Abstract In this brief article, we report the initial results of an expert elicitation with the co-PIs (regional climate modelers) of the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program regarding their evaluation of the relative quality of regional climate model simulations focusing on the subregion dominated by the North American monsoon (NAM). We assumed that an expert elicitation framework might reveal interesting beliefs and understanding that would be different from what would be obtained from calculating quantitative metrics associated with model quality. The simulations considered were of six regional climate models (RCMs) that used NCEP Reanalysis 2 as boundary conditions for the years 1980–2004. The domain covers most of North America and adjacent oceans. The seven participating regional modelers were asked to complete surveys on their background beliefs about model credibility and their judgments regarding the quality of the six models based on a series of plots of variables related to the NAM (e.g., temperature, winds, humidity, moisture flux, precipitation). The specific RCMs were not identified. We also compared the results of the expert elicitation with those obtained from using a series of metrics developed to evaluate a European collection of climate model simulations. The results proved to be quite different in the two cases. The results of this exercise proved very enlightening regarding regional modelers’ perceptions of model quality and their beliefs about how this information should or should not be used. Based on these pilot study results, we believe a more complete study is warranted.

scholarly journals Impact analysis of climate change for an Alpine catchment using high resolution dynamic downscaling of ECHAM4 time slices

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1031-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kunstmann ◽  
K. Schneider ◽  
R. Forkel ◽  
R. Knoche
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Dynamic Downscaling ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Recent Climate

Abstract. Global climate change affects spatial and temporal patterns of precipitation and so has a major impact on surface and subsurface water balances. While global climate models are designed to describe climate change on global or continental scales, their resolution is too coarse for them to be suitable for describing regional climate change. Therefore, regional climate models are applied to downscale the coarse meteorological fields to a much higher spatial resolution to take account of regional climate phenomena. The changes of atmospheric state due to regional climate change must be translated into surface and sub-surface water fluxes so that the impact on water balances in specific catchments can be investigated. This can be achieved by the coupled regional climatic/hydrological simulations presented here. The non-hydrostatic regional climate model MCCM was used for dynamic downscaling for two time slices of a global climate model simulation with the GCM ECHAM4 (IPCC scenario IS92a, "business as usual") from 2.8° × 2.8° to 4 × 4 km2 resolution for the years 1991–1999 and 2031–2039. This allowed derivation of detailed maps showing changes in precipitation and temperature in a region of southern Germany and the central Alps. The performance of the downscaled ECHAM4 to reproduce the seasonality of precipitation in central Europe for the recent climate was investigated by comparison with dynamically downscaled ECMWF reanalyses in 20 × 20 km2 resolution. The downscaled ECHAM4 fields underestimate precipitation significantly in summer. The ratio of mean monthly downscaled ECHAM4 and ECMWF precipitation showed little variation, so it was used to adjust the course of precipitation for the ECHAM4/MCCM fields before it was applied in the hydrological model. The high resolution meteorological fields were aggregated to 8-hour time steps and applied to the distributed hydrological model WaSiM to simulate the water balance of the alpine catchment of the river Ammer (c. 700 km2) at 100 × 100 m2 resolution. To check the reliability of the coupled regional climatic/hydrological simulation results for the recent climate, they were compared with those of a station-based hydrological simulation for the period 1991–1999. This study shows the changes in the temperature and precipitation distributions in the catchment from the recent climate to the future climate scenario and how these will affect the frequency distribution of runoff. Keywords: coupled climate-hydrology simulations, dynamic downscaling, distributed hydrological modelling, ECHAM4 climate scenario, alpine hydrology

scholarly journals Regional-Scale Ozone Deposition to North-East Atlantic Waters

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Coleman ◽  
S. Varghese ◽  
O. P. Tripathi ◽  
S. G. Jennings ◽  
C. D. O'Dowd
Keyword(s):  
Dry Deposition ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Mixing Layer ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
Ozone Deposition ◽  
Ozone Concentrations ◽  
North East

A regional climate model is used to evaluate dry deposition of ozone over the North East Atlantic. Results are presented for a deposition scheme accounting for turbulent and chemical enhancement of oceanic ozone deposition and a second non-chemical, parameterised gaseous dry deposition scheme. The first deposition scheme was constrained to account for sea-surface ozone-iodide reactions and the sensitivity of modelled ozone concentrations to oceanic iodide concentration was investigated. Simulations were also performed using nominal reaction rate derived fromin-situozone deposition measurements and using a preliminary representation of organic chemistry. Results show insensitivity of ambient ozone concentrations modelled by the chemical-enhanced scheme to oceanic iodide concentrations, and iodide reactions alone cannot account for observed deposition velocities. Consequently, we suggest a missing chemical sink due to reactions of ozone with organic matter at the air-sea interface. Ozone loss rates are estimated to be in the range of 0.5–6 ppb per day. A potentially significant ozone-driven flux of iodine to the atmosphere is estimated to be in the range of 2.5–500 M moleccm−2  s−1, leading to a mixing-layer enhancement of organo-iodine concentrations of 0.1–22.0 ppt, with an average increase in the N.E. Atlantic of around 4 ppt per day.

scholarly journals Modeling irrigation effects on the regional climate in the "Greater Alpine Region" using a newly developed parameterization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Asmus ◽  
Peter Hoffmann ◽  
Joni-Pekka Pietikäinen ◽  
Jürgen Böhner ◽  
Diana Rechid
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Change ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Alpine Region ◽  
Mitigation Potential ◽  
Po Valley ◽  
Irrigation Effects

<p><span>Irrigation is a common </span><span>land use </span><span>practice to adapt agriculture to unsuitable climatic conditions. It is highly relevant to ensure food production. Due to the growing population and its food demand in the future, as well as due to climate change, the irrigated area</span><span>s</span> <span>are</span><span> expected to increase </span><span>globally</span><span>. Therefore, it is important to understand the effects of irrigation on the climate system. Irrigation of cropland alters the biogeophysical properties of the land surface and the soil. Due to the land-atmosphere interactions, these alterations </span><span>have the potential to</span><span> affect the atmosphere directly or through feedback processes. Various studies point out that the effects of irrigation, like temperature reduction, are particularly pronounced on local to regional scales where they bear a mitigation potential to regional climate change. </span></p><p><span>This study aims to investigate the effects of irrigation on the regional climate. To model these effects, we developed and implemented a new flexible irrigation parameterization into the regional climate model REMO. In our setup, REMO is interactively coupled to the mosaic-based vegetation module iMOVE, enabling the calculation of irrigation effects and feedbacks on land, vegetation, and atmosphere. Multiple simulations for specific climatic conditions with </span><span>and without </span><span>the </span><span>new</span><span> irrigation parameterization are conducted on 0.11° resolution for the ”Greater Alpine Region“, which includes some of Europe‘s most intensively irrigated areas like the Po valley in Northern Italy. The differences between these simulations are analyzed to identify and quantify irrigation effects on atmospheric processes. </span></p><p><span>The </span><span>new irrigation parameterization will be introduced and the</span><span> analysis </span><span>of the irrigation effects</span> <span>on the regional climate in the “Greater Alpine Region” </span><span>will be presented. </span></p>

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