Passive adsorption of neighbouring plant volatiles linked to associational susceptibility in a subarctic ecosystem

Abstract. Neighbouring plants may affect volatile compound emissions of a focal plant and confer associational resistance or susceptibility. Associational resistance has been reported as a result of adsorption of neighbouring plant volatile and semivolatile compounds on focal plant foliage in field experiments. However, these associational effects in a natural ecosystem remain largely unknown. The effects of the presence and density of Rhododendron tomentosum (Rt) understorey on the volatile profile and herbivore density of mountain birch, Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii (MB) was investigated in a subarctic forest site. The monoterpene β-myrcene, sesquiterpene aromadendrene and sesquiterpene alcohols, palustrol and ledol were recovered from the foliage of MB trees that had Rt growing in the understorey. The number of Rt shoots growing directly under the MB trees correlated positively with the rate of recovery of adhered compounds and negatively with total MB emissions. Palustrol and β-myrcene recovery from MB leaves showed the highest positive correlation with Rt density. Recovery of adhered compounds was higher at lower sampling temperatures. Herbivory was at very low levels both in control and Rt plots. The proportion of foliage infected by a gall mites (Acalitus spp.) was positively correlated with the recovery of the adhered ledol and palustrol from MB foliage. These results indicate that understorey plant volatiles, both sesquiterpene and highly volatile monoterpenes, may adhere onto and be subsequently re-released from MB foliage at low temperatures during the subarctic growing season. The Rt density also plays an important role in the adherence and re-release rates of neighboring plant volatiles and may induce a response in MB volatile emission. Presence of Rt volatiles on MB foliage may make them more susceptible to gall mite infestation suggesting that high Rt density in the subarctic ecosystem may confer associational susceptibility to herbivores on MB.

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Comments to the manuscript “Passive adsorption of neighbouring plant volatiles to associational susceptibility in a subarctic ecosystem” by Mofikoya and colleagues

10.5194/bg-2016-464-rc1 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Anonymous

Keyword(s):

Plant Volatiles ◽

Passive Adsorption ◽

Associational Susceptibility ◽

Neighbouring Plant

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Ultrafast sampling and analysis of plant volatiles by a hand-held miniaturised GC with pre-concentration unit: Kinetic and quantitative aspects of plant volatile production

Journal of Separation Science ◽

10.1002/1615-9314(20020701)25:10/11<677::aid-jssc677>3.0.co;2-5 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 25 (10-11) ◽

pp. 677-684 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

Maritta Kunert ◽

Anja Biedermann ◽

Thomas Koch ◽

Wilhelm Boland

Keyword(s):

Plant Volatiles ◽

Plant Volatile ◽

Volatile Production ◽

Concentration Unit

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Electroantennogram, behavioural responses, and field trapping of Trypophloeus klimeschi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) to eight host volatiles

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/tce.2018.64 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 151 (02) ◽

pp. 236-250

Author(s):

Guanqun Gao ◽

Lulu Dai ◽

Jing Gao ◽

Jiaxing Wang ◽

Hui Chen

Keyword(s):

Plant Volatiles ◽

Field Trapping ◽

Methyl Benzoate ◽

Management Tool ◽

Populus Alba ◽

Host Volatiles ◽

Behavioural Responses ◽

Plant Volatile ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Plant Volatile Compounds

AbstractTrypophloeus klimeschiEggers (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) was first discovered in China in 2003, and it exhibits strong species specificity toPopulus albavar.pyramidalisBunge (Salicaceae). To screen plant volatile compounds for monitoring and trappingT. klimeschi, the electroantennogram responses of adultT. klimeschito eight plant volatiles, including nonanal, 2-methylbutanal, decanal, 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol benzoate, methyl benzoate, methyl salicylate, and geraniol were tested at various concentrations. Behavioural responses of female and male adults to various concentrations of these eight plant volatiles were also determined using a Y-tube olfactometer. We then tested the effectiveness of these compounds as lures for trappingT. klimeschiin the field. Electroantennogram tests showed thatT. klimeschipossesses olfactory sensitivity for eight compounds. Additionally, walkingT. klimeschiexhibited attraction to low concentrations (≤ 1 μg/μL) of all eight compounds in Y-tube olfactometer. Field experiment results indicated that baits composed of each volatile compound alone were more attractive to greater numbers ofT.klimeschithan the control. The methyl benzoate bait was better attracted byT.klimeschithan other tested volatiles. These results suggest that these compounds could be used in attraction of this stem-boring pest. This study could have important implications for the development of an effective semiochemical-based management tool forT. klimeschiin the field.

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Ungulate damage on Scots pines in Mediterranean environments: effects of association with shrubs

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b01-055 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 79 (6) ◽

pp. 739-746 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

José M Gómez ◽

José A Hódar ◽

Regino Zamora ◽

Jorge Castro ◽

Daniel García

Keyword(s):

Spatial Structure ◽

Pinus Sylvestris ◽

Plant Communities ◽

Scots Pine ◽

The Other ◽

High Mountain ◽

Associational Resistance ◽

Southeastern Spain ◽

Associational Susceptibility ◽

Mechanical Barrier

The spatial structure of plant communities as well as the quality and abundance of neighbours can strongly influence the intensity of herbivory suffered by a plant. In this paper, we study the effect of the association with shrubs on the ungulate herbivory suffered by Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris var. nevadensis Christ., Pinaceae) saplings in two isolated, fragmented populations in southeastern Spain. For this, we monitored herbivory on saplings with regard to the microhabitat in which they grew. We distinguished pines growing in open interspaces, on the edge of shrubs and within the canopy of shrubs, and also we distinguished four functional types of shrubs: thorny shrubs, nonthorny shrubs, thorny scrubs, and nonthorny scrubs. Our results show that association with shrubs increases the damage inflicted on Scots pine saplings. In fact, saplings growing in the open patches, far from the shrubs, escaped from herbivory more frequently and incurred less damage than did saplings growing close to shrubs. However, herbivory was also reduced when pine saplings were completely surrounded by shrubs, since then they served as a mechanical barrier. The type of neighbouring shrub did not affect the overall damage suffered by pines, despite the fact that the ungulates damaged the nonthorny scrubs more intensely than the other kinds of shrubs. Consequently, saplings have an advantage when growing within the canopy of shrubs; these constitute key microsites for pine recruitment in these Mediterranean forests.Key words: associational resistance, associational susceptibility, mammalian herbivory, Mediterranean high mountain, neighbouring effects, Pinus sylvestris var. nevadensis.

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Analytical method for metabolites involved in biosynthesis of plant volatile compounds

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c7ra00766c ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (31) ◽

pp. 19363-19372 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xiumin Fu ◽

Ying Zhou ◽

Lanting Zeng ◽

Fang Dong ◽

Xin Mei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Volatile Compounds ◽

Analytical Method ◽

Plant Volatiles ◽

Plant Volatile ◽

Plant Volatile Compounds

The progress in the successful techniques used for studying metabolites involved in the metabolic routes of plant volatiles is summarized.

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Identification of Bioactive Plant Volatiles for the Carob Moth by Means of GC-EAD and GC-Orbitrap MS

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11188603 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (18) ◽

pp. 8603

Author(s):

Seyed Ali Hosseini ◽

Seyed Hossein Goldansaz ◽

Astrid T. Groot ◽

Steph B. J. Menken ◽

Frans Van Der Wielen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Volatiles ◽

Chemical Ionization ◽

Bioactive Compound ◽

Bioactive Components ◽

High Confidence ◽

Minute Amount ◽

Plant Volatile ◽

Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry ◽

Low Levels ◽

Carob Moth

The aim of this study was to validate a workflow that allows structural identification of plant volatiles that induce a behavioral response in insects. Due to the complexity of plant volatile emissions and the low levels at which these bioactive components tend to occur, gas chromatography-electroantennography (GC-EAD) was applied as the prime differentiator technique, i.e., to indicate particular peaks of interest in the chromatogram. In a next step, the analysis was repeated under identical conditions using GC-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (MS). Combining electron impact (EI) ionization and chemical ionization (CI) with the superior spectral resolution and mass accuracy of the technique enabled straightforward identification of these unknowns, with high confidence in a minute amount of time. Moreover, because of the intrinsic sensitivity of the technique, components that occur at trace amounts but may induce disproportional large behavioral responses are evenly well-identified. We were able to positively identify β-caryophyllene as a bioactive compound in female carob moths. Behavioral attraction was negatively correlated with the amount of β-caryophyllene in host fruits. In an oviposition experiment on filter paper, β-caryophyllene was stimulated in the range of 40–100 ng, while concentrations above 200 ng inhibited oviposition.

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Does the Ratio of Compounds in a Plant Volatiles Blend Remain Stable During Transmission by Wind?

10.21203/rs.3.rs-704326/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoming Cai ◽

Yuhang Guo ◽

Lei Bian ◽

Zongxiu Luo ◽

Zhaoqun Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Wind Speed ◽

Wind Tunnel ◽

Plant Volatiles ◽

Principal Component ◽

Odor Source ◽

Plant Volatile ◽

Principal Component Analyses ◽

Odor Plumes ◽

Volatile Profiles

Abstract For plant volatiles to mediate interactions in tritrophic systems, they must convey accurate and reliable information to insects. However, it is unknown whether the ratio of compounds in plant volatile blends remains stable during wind transmission. In this study, volatiles released from an odor source were collected at different points in a wind tunnel and analyzed. The variation in the amounts of volatiles collected at different points formed a rough cone shape. The amounts of volatiles collected tended to decrease with increasing distance from the odor source. Principal component analyses showed that the volatile profiles were dissimilar among different collection points. The profiles of volatiles collected nearest the odor source were the most similar to the released odor. Higher wind speed resulted in a clearer distinction of the spatial distribution of volatile compounds. Thus, variations in the ratios of compounds in odor plumes exist even during transport over short distances.

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Experimental Investigation of Lateral Subsurface Flow Depending on Land Use and Soil Cultivation

Water ◽

10.3390/w11040766 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 766

Author(s):

Sonja Teschemacher ◽

Wolfgang Rieger ◽

Markus Disse

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Soil Moisture ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Response Times ◽

Subsurface Flow ◽

Horizontal Distribution ◽

Forest Site ◽

Stream Discharge ◽

Flow Generation ◽

Grassland Site

The magnitude and timing of flood events are influenced by surface and subsurface flow generation as well as by present land use distribution. An integrated understanding of the interactions of soil properties, land use and flow generation is still missing. Therefore, field experiments are required to gain further knowledge about land use dependencies of discharge generation and concentration processes. In our research, we built an experimental setup consisting of three sites with similar soil and topographic conditions and different land use types (cropland, grassland, forest). The applied multimethod approach includes meteorological parameters, soil moisture, soil moisture tension, surface runoff, lateral subsurface flow, and stream discharge observations. The results show that low subsurface flow discharges more often occur at the cropland site, while large flow volumes were mainly observed at the grassland site. A correlation of the horizontal distribution of subsurface flow volumes and the accumulation areas of the surface topography has been found (r² = 0.76). The observed average response times for advective events increase from the forest site (6.0 h) to the grassland site (12.4 h) to the cropland site (20.9 h). Response times of convective events were shorter than 1 h at all sites.

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EAG Responses of Adult Lobesia botrana Males and Females Collected from Vitis vinifera and Daphne Gnidium to Larval Host-Plant Volatiles and Sex Pheromone

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects10090281 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 281 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pérez-Aparicio ◽

Torres-Vila ◽

Gemeno

Keyword(s):

Sex Pheromone ◽

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Host Plant ◽

Plant Volatiles ◽

Methyl Salicylate ◽

Host Plants ◽

Male Response ◽

Daphne Gnidium ◽

Plant Volatile ◽

Larval Host

We analysed electroantennogram (EAG) responses of male and female adults of the European grapevine moth Lobesiabotrana (Denis et Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) collected as larvae from grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) and flax-leaved daphne (Daphne gnidium L.). The host-plant odorants tested were either V. vinifera-specific [1-octen-3-ol, (E)-β-farnesene, (E)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene], D. gnidium-specific (2-ethyl-hexan-1-ol, benzothiazole, linalool-oxide, ethyl benzanoate), or were shared by both host-plants (linalool, methyl salicylate). Sex pheromone compounds were also tested. The male response to the major pheromone component (E7,Z9-12:Ac) was higher than to any other stimuli, whereas the response to the minor pheromone components (E7,Z9-12:OH and Z9-12:Ac) was not different from the response to the plant odorants. The female response to pheromone was lower or not different from that to plant odorants. Methyl salicylate elicited a higher response in females and (E)-β-farnesene elicited a higher response than several other plant odorants in both sexes. Non-significant interactions between host-plant odorant and sex indicated an absence of sex specialization for host-plant volatile detection. The lack of a significant interaction between plant volatiles and larval host-plants suggested that there was no specialization for plant-volatile detection between V. vinifera and D. gnidium individuals.

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