scholarly journals A hypothesis linking sub-optimal seawater <I>p</I>CO<sub>2</sub> conditions for cnidarian-<I>Symbiodinium</I> symbioses with the exceedence of the interglacial threshold (>260 ppmv)

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1709-1723 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Wooldridge
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Extinction Events ◽  
Response To Temperature ◽  
Host Metabolism ◽  
New Hypothesis ◽  
Seawater Pco2

Abstract. Most scleractinian corals and many other cnidarians host intracellular photosynthetic dinoflagellate symbionts ("zooxanthellae"). The zooxanthellae contribute to host metabolism and skeletogenesis to such an extent that this symbiosis is well recognised for its contribution in creating the coral reef ecosystem. The stable functioning of cnidarian symbioses is however dependent upon the host's ability to maintain demographic control of its algal partner. In this review, I explain how the modern envelope of seawater conditions found within many coral reef ecosystems (characterised by elevated temperatures, rising pCO2, and enriched nutrient levels) are antagonistic toward the dominant host processes that restrict excessive symbiont proliferation. Moreover, I outline a new hypothesis and initial evidence base, which support the suggestion that the additional "excess" zooxanthellae fraction permitted by seawater pCO2 levels beyond 260 ppmv significantly increases the propensity for symbiosis breakdown ("bleaching") in response to temperature and irradiance extremes. The relevance of this biological threshold is discussed in terms of historical reef extinction events, glacial-interglacial climate cycles and the modern decline of coral reef ecosystems.

scholarly journals A hypothesis linking sub-optimal seawater <i>p</i>CO<sub>2</sub> conditions for cnidarian-<i>Symbiodinium</i> symbioses with the exceedence of the interglacial threshold (> 260 ppmv)

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 11215-11253
Author(s):  
S. A. Wooldridge
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Extinction Events ◽  
Response To Temperature ◽  
Host Metabolism ◽  
New Hypothesis ◽  
Seawater Pco2

Abstract. Most scleractinian corals and many other cnidarians host intracellular photosynthetic dinoflagellate symbionts ("zooxanthellae"). The zooxanthellae contribute to host metabolism and skeletogenesis to such an extent that this symbiosis is well recognised for its contribution in creating the coral reef ecosystem. The stable functioning of cnidarian symbioses is however dependent upon the host's ability to maintain demographic control of its algal partner. In this review, I explain how the modern envelope of seawater conditions found within many coral reef ecosystems (characterised by elevated temperatures, rising pCO2, and enriched nutrient levels) are antagonistic toward the dominant host processes that restrict excessive symbiont proliferation. Moreover, I outline a new hypothesis and initial evidence base, which support the suggestion that the additional "excess" zooxanthellae fraction permitted by seawater pCO2 levels beyond 260 ppmv significantly increases the propensity for symbiosis breakdown ("bleaching") in response to temperature and irradiance extremes. The relevance of this biological threshold is discussed in terms of historical reef extinction events, glacial-interglacial climate cycles and the modern decline of coral reef ecosystems.

scholarly journals Sponge community (Porifera) in coral reef ecosystem in Sabang, Aceh Province, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Dianita Aulia ◽  
Tri Aryono Hadi ◽  
Rizkie Satria Utama
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Abstract. Aulia ED, Hadi TA, Utama RS. 2021. Sponge community (Porifera) in coral reef ecosystem in Sabang, Aceh Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3394-3402. Sponges are one of the most influential benthic organisms in coral reef ecosystems. Many studies about sponge communities have been carried out globally, from tropical to temperate regions. In Indonesia, however, sponge communities have not been adequately observed, especially their diversity and interaction with habitats. Sabang, a developing city located in the northwest of Indonesia, has a lack of information about benthic communities and no reports about sponges. This study investigated the sponge community (species richness, coverage, and morphological characters) and the interactions, both within sponges and with corals and substrates, in Sabang. The study found that the sponge richness (species and morphology) and coverage are categorized as poor, having only 24 species with seven morphologies, and coverage of 1.79 ± 1.03% (SE). The interaction analyses showed significant relationships occur among sponge variables but not between sponges and corals, nor between sponges and their substrates. These results could be attributed to the hydrodynamic-related stresses in Sabang, which are likely influenced by exposure to the open ocean, a condition that is less favorable to diversity and interaction. It is necessary to regularly monitor the condition of benthic communities in Sabang in order to better understand their stable state and detect any change over time.

scholarly journals Analysis of the utilization of landsat 8 oli imagery for mapping the distribution of coral reefs in Pulau Weh Sabang

DEPIK ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
M Taufik Rahmadi ◽  
Sugiharto Sugiharto ◽  
Mbina Pinem ◽  
Ayu Suciani
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Nearest Neighbour ◽  
Landsat 8 Oli ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

As one of the largest archipelagic countries globally, Indonesia has diverse natural resources, one of which is the coral reef ecosystem. Coral reef ecosystems are spread across almost all Indonesian waters, and Pulau Weh Sabang is one distribution area. This study aims to determine the distribution of coral reef ecosystems and test landsat 8 oli imagery accuracy in mapping coral reef ecosystems. The method used in this research is the nearest neighbour algorithm object-based classification method. The results showed that the coral reef ecosystem in Pulau Weh Sabang was divided into two classes: a healthy coral reef ecosystem class with 277.38 hectares and a medium condition coral reef ecosystem class with an area of 710.01 Ha.Keywords:Landsat 8 oliMappingDistributionCoral reefWeh Island 

scholarly journals KONDISI EKSISTING FAUNA MEGABENTHOS DI PERAIRAN LABUHAN PANDAN LOMBOK TIMUR PASCA GEMPA BUMI LOMBOK 7.0 SKALA RICHTER

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Noar Muda Satyawan ◽  
Novita Tri Atriningrum
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
External Disturbance ◽  
Acanthaster Planci ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Reef Health ◽  
Belt Transect ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Abstrak : Gangguan eksternal pada ekosistem terumbu karang dapat terjadi secara alami ataupun karena aktifitas manusia yang menimbulkan perubahan fisik maupun ekologis. Perubahan ekologis dapat terlihat dari perubahan komposisi biota yang berasosiasi di dalamnya. Salah satu kelompok biota yang berasosiasi dengan terumbu karang adalah megabenthos. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untk mengetahui kondisi eksisting fauna megabenthos pada ekosistem terumbu karang di perairan Labuhan Pandan Lombok Timur. Pengamatan dilakukan pada 5 stasiun yaitu Gili Bidara (BDR_01), Gili Kondo (KND_01), Gili Petagan 1 (PTG_01), Gili Petagan 2 (PTG_02), dan Gili Petagan 3 (PTG_03). Pengambilan data megabenthos dilakukan dengan metode Benthos Belt Transect (BBT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 15 jenis megabenthos yang termasuk dalam 5 Phylum (Mollusca, Echinodermata, Chordata, Annelida, dan Platyhelminthes). Jumlah jenis tertinggi ditemukan pada phylum Echinodermata (10 jenis), kemudian diikuti oleh Mollusca (2 jenis), Chordata (1 jenis), Annelida (1 jenis), dan Platyhelminthes (1 jenis). Kepadatan megabenthos tertinggi ditemukan pada stasiun BDR_01 (10.571 ind/Ha), kemudian diikuti oleh stasiun KND_01 (10.214 ind/Ha), PTG_02 (9.857 ind/Ha), PTG_03 (8.429 ind/Ha) dan PTG_01 (1.714 ind/Ha). Keanekaragaman jenis tertingi ditemukan pada stasiun PTG_01 (H’=1,14), kemudian diikuti oleh BDR_01 (H’=0,76), KND_01 (H’=0,69), PTG_03 (H’=0,17) dan PTG_02 (H’=0,09). Hasil perhitungan indeks dominansi menunjukkan bahwa Didemnum molle (phylum Chordata)  ditemukan dominan pada seluruh stasiun pengamatan. Ditemukan juga jenis megabenthos pemangsa hewan karang yaitu Acanthaster planci pada stasiun PTG_03 serta Drupella sp. pada stasiun BDR_01, KND_01 dan PTG_02. Beberapa jenis megabenthos yang ditemukan dapat dijadikan bioindikator dalam pemantauan kesehatan ekosistem terumbu karang di Perairan Labuhan Pandan, Lombok Timur.Kata Kunci: Kondisi eksisting, Megabenthos, Gempa Bumi, Labuhan Pandan, Lombok TimurAbstract: External disturbance to the coral reef ecosystem occured by naturally or due to human activities that cause physical and ecological changes. Ecological changes could be seen from changes in the composition of the associated biota. One of the biota groups that associated with coral reefs were megabenthos. The purpose of this study were to determine the condition of the megabenthos fauna on coral reef ecosystems in the Labuhan Pandan waters, Eastern Lombok. Observations were made at 5 stations namely Gili Bidara (BDR_01), Gili Kondo (KND_01), Gili Petagan 1 (PTG_01), Gili Petagan 2 (PTG_02), and Gili Petagan 3 (PTG_03). Data of Megabenthos were collected by Benthos Belt Transect (BBT) method. The results showed that found 15 species of megabenthos included in 5 phylum (Mollusca, Echinoderm, Chordata, Annelida, and Platyhelminthes). The highest number of species were found in Echinoderms phylum (10 species), followed by Mollusca (2 species), Chordata (1 species), Annelida (1 species), and Platyhelminthes (1 species). The highest megabenthos density were found at BDR_01 station (10,571 ind / Ha), then followed by stations KND_01 (10,214 ind / Ha), PTG_02 (9,857 ind / Ha), PTG_03 (8,429 ind / Ha) and PTG_01 (1,714 ind / Ha). The highest species diversity were found at stations PTG_01 (H '= 1.14), then followed by BDR_01 (H' = 0.76), KND_01 (H '= 0.69), PTG_03 (H' = 0.17) and PTG_02 (H '= 0.09). The calculation result of dominance index shows that Didemnum molle (phylum Chordata) were found dominant in all observation stations. Also found species of coral predator Acanthaster planci at PTG_03 station and Drupella sp. at stations BDR_01, KND_01 and PTG_02. Several species of megabenthos can be used as bioindicators to monitoring of coral reef health in Labuhan Pandan Waters, East Lombok.Keywords: Existing conditions, megabenthos, earthquake, Labuhan Pandan, Eastern Lombok  

scholarly journals Pemetaan Sebaran Terumbu Karang Studi Kasus Selat Madura, Jawa Timur

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Zainul Hidayah ◽  
Nike Ika Nuzula
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Scuba Diving ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Shallow Water Area ◽  
Landsat 7 ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems

Mapping of the potential of coral reefs on the coast of the Madura Strait is evaluated. The coral mapping purposes are to evaluated a total area of the coral reefs in line with the current condition. The index of the area of coral reefs on the coast of the Madura Strait was also compiled to produce a database of the parameters that affect to the coral reefs growths. The imaga data processed is using Landsat. Maping data processing methos is using Lyzinge Algorithm since the area has shallow water area characteristics. The area of coral reef substrate identified according to the processed image is 10.478.032 Ha. The Landsat 7 satellite imagery has an ability to detect the characteristics of shallow waters using blue channels with wavelengths of 0.45-0.52 µm and green channels with wavelengths of 0.52-0.60 µm. However, to determine the condition and how severe the damage to coral reefs, detection with satellite imagery is not enough so that direct observation is needed through scuba diving activities. Scuba diving is carried out to determine the condition of coral reefs. Roughly, coral reef ecosystems in the objects are categorized as moderate to damaged. The damage to this coral reef ecosystem identified at the depths of 5 and 10 meters. Pemetaan potensi terumbu karang dilakukan di area pesisir Selat Madura. Pemetaan ini dilukan dengan memanfaatkan data citra satelit dari Landsat 7 dan pengolahan data menggunakan metode Algoritma Lyzinge. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui cakupan luas dari sebaran terumbu karang serta kondisi terumbu karang. Indeks dari area terumbu karang dipetakan dan disusun untuk selanjutkan digunakan sebagai basis data yang berisi tentang informasi yang mengadung parameter – parameter yang berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan terumbu karang. Dalam penelitian ini, terumbu karang ditemukan di perairan dangkal yang jernih. Citra satelit Landsat 7 memiliki sensor yang dapat mendeteksi karakteristik perairan dangkal dengan memanfaatkan saluran/ kanal biru dengan panjang gelombang 0,45-0,52 µm dan saluran/ kanal hijau dengan panjang gelombang 0,52-0,60 µm. Namun, untuk mengetahui kondisi dan tingkat kerusakan terumbu karang, pendeteksian dengan citra satelit tidaklah cukup sehingga diperlukan pengamatan secara langsung melalui aktivitas penyelaman scuba. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah luas substrat terumbu karang adalah 10,478.032 Ha. Hasil dari scuba diving menunjukkan bahwa secra umum ekosistem terumbu karang di perairan Selat Madura berada dalam kondisi sedang hingga rusak. Kerusakan ekosistem terumbu karang ini terjadi pada kedalaman 5 dan 10 meter.

ANALISIS TINGKAT KESESUAIAN WISATA BAHARI PADA EKOSISTEM TERUMBU KARANG DI PULAU LAREA- REA KABUPATEN SINJAI

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-60
Author(s):  
Isra Wahyudi ◽  
Asbar Asbar ◽  
Danial Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Marine Tourism ◽  
Suitability Index ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Coral reefs are one of the marine tourism potentials that need to be managed in a sustainable manner by looking at the suitability of tourism and the carrying capacity of the environment. Data on the potential for coral reefs will support government programs related to conservation and rehabilitation of coastal and marine ecosystems as a focus area for maritime research. This study aims to determine the potential and percentage of coral reef cover, know the tourism suitability index and environmental carrying capacity, know the direction of coral reef ecosystem management. The research method is using UPT (Underwater Photo Transect), as well as measurement of environmental parameters on Larea-rea Island. Data analysis using CPCe 4.1 software, and Arcgis 10.8 (Kismanto et.al, 2018). Than, an analysis of the suitability of diving tourism and an analysis of the carrying capacity of the area is carried out (Yulianda, 2018).Coral reefs are one of the marine tourism potentials that need to be managed in a sustainable manner by looking at the suitability of tourism and the carrying capacity of the environment. Data on the potential for coral reefs will support government programs related to conservation and rehabilitation of coastal and marine ecosystems as a focus area for maritime research. This study aims to determine the potential and percentage of coral reef cover, know the tourism suitability index and environmental carrying capacity, know the direction of coral reef ecosystem management. The research method is using UPT (Underwater Photo Transect), as well as measurement of environmental parameters on Larea-rea Island. Data analysis using CPCe 4.1 software, and Arcgis 10.8 (Kismanto et.al, 2018). Than, an analysis of the suitability of diving tourism and an analysis of the carrying capacity of the area is carried out (Yulianda, 2018).  The results of this study indicate that the percentage of potential coral reef cover at all stations is 10-36%, indicating that the coral condition is not good (according to the conditions). Damage to coral reef ecosystems due to environmentally unfriendly fishing activities (Wardani, 2018). The number of lifeform types ranged from 8-12, while the number of fish species obtained was 37-44 species. The suitability class category based on the results of the analysis at the three stations obtained the appropriate category (S2), with a percentage of the IKW value of 50-67% (Yulianda, 2018). Then, area carrying capacity (DDK) in the diving tourism category is an average of 528 people / day from the three stations. Management and development of marine tourism can be done by determining the zone of utilization and rehabilitation of coral reef ecosystems, as well as limiting visitors for certain periods to reduce the potential impact of environmental degradation.

scholarly journals PENYEBARAN BULU BABI (Sea Urchins) DI PERAIRAN PULAU MENJANGAN KECIL, KEPULAUAN KARIMUNJAWA, JEPARA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-238
Author(s):  
Fitria Hersiana Afifa ◽  
Supriharyono Supriharyono ◽  
Pujiono Wahyu Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Dispersion Index ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Spread Pattern ◽  
Different Depths

ABSTRAK Echinodermata merupakan salah satu phylum yang memiliki peranan penting di perairan terumbu karang, seperti ditemukan di Perairan Pulau Menjangan Kecil. Peranan Bulu Babi di ekosistem terumbu karang berkaitan dengan pengendalian ekspansi algae. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 19 dan 20 November 2016, dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui penyebaran Bulu Babi serta kelimpahan Bulu Babi pada kedalaman dan antar lokasi yang berbeda. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksplanatif. Stasiun pengukuran terdapat di zona muka dan belakang pulau yang terdapat terumbu karang, masing-masing stasiun dengan kedalaman yang berbeda. Pola penyebaran Bulu Babi dapat diketahui menggunakan formula ID= S2/  , berdasarkan rumus tersebut diketahui nilai ID (indeks dispersion) tiap kedalaman di dua lokasi yang berbeda. Hasil ID pada Lokasi A berbeda pada kedalaman 0-90cm dan 90-140cm ID < 1, sedangkan kedalaman 140-170cm dan >170cm ID > 1. Hasil ID lokasi B pada empat kedalaman yang berbeda yaitu ID>1. Berdasarkan hasil ID tersebut dapat diketahui bagaimana pola penyebaran. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Bulu Babi di Pulau Menjangan Kecil sebagian besar hidup mengelompok pada kedalaman yang ekosistem terumbu karang masih cukup baik. Kata Kunci: Pulau Menjangan Kecil; Penyebaran; Kelimpahan; Bulu Babi ABSTRACT Echinoderm is one of the phylum that has an important role in the waters of the coral reefs, as found in the waters of the Menjangan Kecil Island. The role of the sea urchins in the coral reef ecosystem is related to the control of algae expansion. The study was conducted in 19th  and 20th  November 2016, with the objective of knowing the spread abundance of sea urchins at different depths and locations. The method that used was explanative method. The measuring stations are located in the back and forth zones of coral reefs, each with different depths. Spread pattern of sea urchins can be known using the formula ID = S2 / x ̅, based on the formula is known value of ID (dispersion index) each depth at two different location. Result ID at Location A at 0-90 cm and 90-140 cm is ID <1, while at 140-170 cm and > 170 cm is ID> 1. The result of location ID B on four different depths is ID> 1. Based on the ID results can be known how the pattern of dissemination. This indicates that the sea urchins in Menjangan Kecil Island live mostly in groups at the depths of which coral reef ecosystems are still quite good. Keywords: Menjangan Kecil Island; Dispersal patterns; Abundanc;  Sea Urchins

scholarly journals STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS TERUMBU KARANG DI PERAIRAN TELUK BALIKPAPAN, KALIMANTAN TIMUR

Jurnal Segara ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niken Financia Gusmawati ◽  
Candra Dwi Puspita ◽  
Herlina Ika Ratnawati
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Coral reefs are ecosystems with high productivity while being very vulnerable to environmental changes. The oil spill incident in Balikpapan Bay in 2018 still caused damage to the coral reef ecosystem in Tanjung Jumlai, Penajam Paser Utara Regency, East Kalimantan due to the use of dispersants in handling oil spills. Research on the condition of coral reefs is carried out to ensure the sustainability of the benefits of ecosystem products and services provided by coral reef ecosystems to communities around Balikpapan Bay. Coral reef research has been carried out at three transect station locations in the Tanjung Jumlai reef area. This research is aimed to determine the distribution, abundance, and structure of coral reef ecosystems in these waters. The study was conducted in October 2019. Data collection was carried out using the Point Intercept Transect (PIT) method. The results showed that the average percentage of coral cover was 55.7% with a good coral cover category. Substrate covering the bottom of the coral reef ecosystem is dominated by Acropora Tubulate and Acropora Branching from the biotic component, and Dead Coral with Algae and Rubble from the abiotic component. Diversity index value (H') in the waters is categorized as low species richness. This research has been identified only 10 genera in the study area where 9 genera are hard coral species. Similarity Index value (E) included in the medium category and dominance index value (D) belong to the medium category which means that there are no species that are very dominant in the observation area. Water quality at station 1 representing all observation stations shows results that the study area are still appropriate for marine biota according to Minister of Environment Decree 51/2004, except for nitrate content. Sediments also show no trace of hydrocarbons.Coral reefs are ecosystems with high productivity while being very vulnerable to environmental changes. The oil spill incident in Balikpapan Bay in 2018 still caused damage to the coral reef ecosystem in Tanjung Jumlai, Penajam Paser Utara Regency, East Kalimantan due to the use of dispersants in handling oil spills. Research on the condition of coral reefs is carried out to ensure the sustainability of the benefits of ecosystem products and services provided by coral reef ecosystems to communities around Balikpapan Bay. Coral reef research has been carried out at three transect station locations in the Tanjung Jumlai reef area. This research is aimed to determine the distribution, abundance, and structure of coral reef ecosystems in these waters. The study was conducted in October 2019. Data collection was carried out using the Point Intercept Transect (PIT) method. The results showed that the average percentage of coral cover was 55.7% with a good coral cover category. Substrate covering the bottom of the coral reef ecosystem is dominated by Acropora Tubulate and Acropora Branching from the biotic component, and Dead Coral with Algae and Rubble from the abiotic component. Diversity index value (H') in the waters is categorized as low species richness. This research has been identified only 10 genera in the study area where 9 genera are hard coral species. Similarity Index value (E) included in the medium category and dominance index value (D) belong to the medium category which means that there are no species that are very dominant in the observation area. Water quality at station 1 representing all observation stations shows results that the study area are still appropriate for marine biota according to Minister of Environment Decree 51/2004, except for nitrate content. Sediments also show no trace of hydrocarbons.

scholarly journals VALUASI EKONOMI EKOSISTEM TERUMBU KARANG DI PULAU ENGGANO, KABUPATEN BENGKULU UTARA, PROVINSI BENGKULU

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-173
Author(s):  
Zamdial Zamdial ◽  
Dede Hartono ◽  
Ari Anggoro ◽  
Ali Muqsit
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Option Value ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Existence Value ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Total Economic Value ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Pulau Enggano dengan luas ± 400,6 km2 (± 40.600 hektar) adalah sebuah pulau kecil terluar di Provinsi Bengkulu yang terletak di Perairan Barat Sumatera, dan termasuk wilayah Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara. Salah satu sumberdaya alam yang dominan di Pulau Enggano adalah ekosistem terumbu karang yang memberikan manfaat begitu besar bagi kehidupan masyarakat di Pulau Enggano. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung valuasi ekonomi ekosistem terumbu karang di Pulau Enggano, untuk kepentingan perencanaan pemanfaatan dan pengelolaan secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan Metode Survai. Data parameter kualitas air dikumpulkan dengan pengukuran langsung di lokasi penelitian. Data untuk menghitung nilai keberadaan ekosistem terumbu karang dikumpulkan dengan metode wawancara terhadap 180 orang responden yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Nilai ekonomi total ekosistem terumbu karang dianalisis dan dihitung berdasarkan nilai manfaat langsung, nilai manfaat tidak langsung, nilai manfaat pilihan dan nilai manfaat warisan. Nilai rata-rata parameter perairan di perairan Pulau Enggano secara berturut-turut adalah suhu (29,660C), salinitas (35,06 ‰), kuat arus (2,13 m/s), kecerahan 5,33 m), Oksigen Terlarut/DO (7,39 mg/l), dan pH (7,13). Nilai parameter perairan menunjukkan kondisi perairan yang masih baik dan belum tercemar sehingga dapat mendukung keberadaan dan pertumbuhan ekosistem terumbu karang di Perairan Pulau Enggano. Luas ekosistem terumbu karang di Pulau Enggano ± 5.097 hektar. Nilai manfaat ekonomi total ekosistem terumbu karang adalah Rp. 176.901.038.387,- per tahun, yang terdiri dari nilai manfaat langsung Rp. 561.327.640,- per tahun; nilai manfaat tidak langsung Rp. 46.342.500.000,- per tahun, nilai manfaat pilihan Rp. 2.516.077.983,- , nilai manfaat keberadaan Rp. 127.425.000.000,- per tahun dan nilai warisan Rp. 56.132.764,- per tahun.ECONOMIC VALUATION OF CORAL REEF IN ENGGANO ISLAND, NORTH BENGKULU REGENCY, BENGKULU PROVINCE. Enggano Island with area of ± 400.6 km2 (± 40,600 hectares) is an the outer  small island in Bengkulu Province that located in the West Coast of Sumatra, and include of North Bengkulu Regency. One of the dominant natural resources in Enggano Island is a coral reef ecosystem that provides enormous benefits to people's lives in Enggano Island. This study aims to calculate the economic valuation of coral reef ecosystems in Enggano Island, for stake of planning, utilization and sustainable management. This research is done by Survey Method. The data of water quality parameter was collected by direct measurement at the study location. Data to calculate the existence value of coral reef ecosystem was collected by interview method to 180 respondents that chosen by purposive sampling. The total economic value of coral reef ecosystems is analyzed and calculated based on the direct value, indirect value, option value and bequest value. The average values of water parameters in Enggano Island waters are (29,66 oC), salinity (35.06 ‰), current speed (2.13 m/s), water brightness (5.33 m), Oxygen Dissolved (7.39 mg / l), and pH (7.13). The parameters of waters shows the condition of the waters are still good and not contaminated so it can support the existence and growth of coral reef ecosystems in Enggano Island waters. The wide of coral reef ecosystem in Enggano  Island ± 5,097 hectares. The total economic value of coral reef ecosystem is Rp.176,901,038,387,- per year, that consisting of direct value Rp. 561,327,640,- per year; indirect value Rp. 46,342,500,000, - per year, the option value Rp. 2,516,077,983, - per year, the existence value Rp. 127.425.000.000,- and the bequest  value Rp. 56,132,764,- per year.

scholarly journals Community Structure Of Coral Reefs In Saebus Island, Sumenep District, East Java

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 08013
Author(s):  
Mada Rizmaadi ◽  
Johannes Riter ◽  
Siti Fatimah ◽  
Riyan Rifaldi ◽  
Arditho Yoga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystems ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Increasing degradation coral reefs ecosystem has created many concerns. Reduction of this damage can only be done with good and proper management of coral reef ecosystem based on existing condition. The condition of coral reef ecosystem can be determined by assessing its community structure. This study investigates community structure of coral reef ecosystems around Saebus Island, Sumenep District, East Java, by using satellite imagery analysis and field observations. Satellite imagery analysis by Lyzenga methods was used to determine the observation stations and substrate distribution. Field observations were done by using Line Intercept Transect method at 4 stations, at the depth of 3 and 10 meters. The results showed that the percentage of coral reef coverage at the depth of 3 and 10 meters were 64.36% and 59.29%, respectively, and included in fine coverage category. This study found in total 25 genera from 13 families of corals at all stations. The most common species found were Acropora, Porites, and Pocillopora, while the least common species were Favites and Montastrea. Average value of Diversity, Uniformity and Dominancy indices were 2.94, 0.8 and 0.18 which include as medium, high, and low category, respectively. These results suggest that coral reef ecosystems around Saebus Island is in a good condition.

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