scholarly journals Seamount physiography and biology in North-East Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 18951-18992 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Morato ◽  
K. Ø. Kvile ◽  
G. H. Taranto ◽  
F. Tempera ◽  
B. E. Narayanaswamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Area North

Abstract. This work aims at characterising the seamount physiography and biology in the OSPAR Convention limits (North-East Atlantic Ocean) and Mediterranean Sea. We first inferred potential abundance, location and morphological characteristics of seamounts, and secondly, summarized the existing biological, geological and oceanographic in-situ research, identifying examples of well-studied seamounts. Our study showed that the seamount population in the OSPAR area (North-East Atlantic) and in Mediterranean Sea is large with around 1061 and 202 seamount-like features, respectively. Similarly, seamounts occupy large areas of about 1 116 000 km2 in the OSPAR region and of about 184 000 km2 in the Mediterranean Sea, which is much larger than previously thought. The presence of seamounts in the North-East Atlantic has been known since the late 19th Century but overall knowledge regarding seamount ecology and geology is still relatively poor. Only 37 seamounts in the OSPAR area (3.5% of all seamounts in the region), 22 in the Mediterranean Sea (9.2% of all seamounts in the region) and 25 in the North-East Atlantic south of the OSPAR have in-situ information. Seamounts mapped in both areas are in general very heterogeneous, showing diverse geophysical characteristics. These differences will likely affect the biological diversity and production of resident and associated organisms.

scholarly journals Seamount physiography and biology in the north-east Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 3039-3054 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Morato ◽  
K. Ø. Kvile ◽  
G. H. Taranto ◽  
F. Tempera ◽  
B. E. Narayanaswamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Area North

Abstract. This work aims at characterising the seamount physiography and biology in the OSPAR Convention limits (north-east Atlantic Ocean) and Mediterranean Sea. We first inferred potential abundance, location and morphological characteristics of seamounts, and secondly, summarized the existing biological, geological and oceanographic in situ research, identifying examples of well-studied seamounts. Our study showed that the seamount population in the OSPAR area (north-east Atlantic) and in the Mediterranean Sea is large with around 557 and 101 seamount-like features, respectively. Similarly, seamounts occupy large areas of about 616 000 km2 in the OSPAR region and of about 89 500 km2 in the Mediterranean Sea. The presence of seamounts in the north-east Atlantic has been known since the late 19th century, but overall knowledge regarding seamount ecology and geology is still relatively poor. Only 37 seamounts in the OSPAR area (3.5% of all seamounts in the region), 22 in the Mediterranean Sea (9.2% of all seamounts in the region) and 25 in the north-east Atlantic south of the OSPAR area have in situ information. Seamounts mapped in both areas are in general very heterogeneous, showing diverse geophysical characteristics. These differences will likely affect the biological diversity and production of resident and associated organisms.

Reflections on High Seas Marine Protected Areas: A Comparative Analysis of the Mediterranean and the North-East Atlantic Models

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshifumi Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
High Seas

In 2010, the Contracting-Parties to the Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR Convention) created six marine protected areas (MPAs) on the high seas beyond 200 nautical miles with a view to protecting marine biological diversity. This is a significant step toward conservation of biological diversity on the high seas. The creation of high seas MPAs seems to provide a useful insight into the protection of community interests in marine spaces beyond the limits of national jurisdiction. At the same time, however, the creation of MPAs on the high seas raises some legal issues with regard to, inter alia, its legal ground, opposability to non-Contracting Parties, legitimacy, and practical implementation. Thus, this contribution seeks to examine legal issues regarding two types of MPAs on the high seas, namely: MPAs on the high seas which fall within potential exclusive economic zone of coastal States (the Mediterranean model) and MPAs on the high seas beyond 200 nautical miles (the North-East Atlantic model), respectively.

Genetic differentiation in a pelagic crustacean ( Meganyctiphanes norvegica : Euphausiacea) from the North East Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea

2000 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Zane ◽  
L. Ostellari ◽  
L. Maccatrozzo ◽  
L. Bargelloni ◽  
J. Cuzin-Roudy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Meganyctiphanes Norvegica ◽  
The Mediterranean

scholarly journals The Biogeochemistry of Electroactive Humic Substances and Its Connection to Iron Chemistry in the North East Atlantic and the Western Mediterranean Sea

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (8) ◽  
pp. 5481-5499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Dulaquais ◽  
Matthieu Waeles ◽  
Loes J. A. Gerringa ◽  
Rob Middag ◽  
Micha J. A. Rijkenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Western Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Iron Chemistry

scholarly journals Decadal Dynamics of the CO2 System and Associated Ocean Acidification in Coastal Ecosystems of the North East Atlantic Ocean

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Gac ◽  
Pierre Marrec ◽  
Thierry Cariou ◽  
Emilie Grosstefan ◽  
Éric Macé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Impact

Weekly and bi-monthly carbonate system parameters and ancillary data were collected from 2008 to 2020 in three coastal ecosystems of the southern Western English Channel (sWEC) (SOMLIT-pier and SOMLIT-offshore) and Bay of Brest (SOMLIT-Brest) located in the North East Atlantic Ocean. The main drivers of seasonal and interannual partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) variabilities were the net ecosystem production (NEP) and thermodynamics. Differences were observed between stations, with a higher biological influence on pCO2 and DIC in the near-shore ecosystems, driven by both benthic and pelagic communities. The impact of riverine inputs on DIC dynamics was more pronounced at SOMLIT-Brest (7%) than at SOMLIT-pier (3%) and SOMLIT-offshore (<1%). These three ecosystems acted as a weak source of CO2 to the atmosphere of 0.18 ± 0.10, 0.11 ± 0.12, and 0.39 ± 0.08 mol m–2 year–1, respectively. Interannually, air-sea CO2 fluxes (FCO2) variability was low at SOMLIT-offshore and SOMLIT-pier, whereas SOMLIT-Brest occasionally switched to weak annual sinks of atmospheric CO2, driven by enhanced spring NEP compared to annual means. Over the 2008–2018 period, monthly total alkalinity (TA) and DIC anomalies were characterized by significant positive trends (p-values < 0.001), from 0.49 ± 0.20 to 2.21 ± 0.39 μmol kg−1 year−1 for TA, and from 1.93 ± 0.28 to 2.98 ± 0.39 μmol kg–1 year–1 for DIC. These trends were associated with significant increases of calculated seawater pCO2, ranging from +2.95 ± 1.04 to 3.52 ± 0.47 μatm year–1, and strong reductions of calculated pHin situ, with a mean pHin situ decrease of 0.0028 year–1. This ocean acidification (OA) was driven by atmospheric CO2 forcing (57–66%), Sea surface temperature (SST) increase (31–37%), and changes in salinity (2–5%). Additional pHin situ data extended these observed trends to the 2008–2020 period and indicated an acceleration of OA, reflected by a mean pHin situ decrease of 0.0046 year–1 in the sWEC for that period. Further observations over the 1998–2020 period revealed that the climatic indices North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV) were linked to trends of SST, with cooling during 1998–2010 and warming during 2010–2020, which might have impacted OA trends at our coastal stations. These results suggested large temporal variability of OA in coastal ecosystems of the sWEC and underlined the necessity to maintain high-resolution and long-term observations of carbonate parameters in coastal ecosystems.

scholarly journals Influence of large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns on nutrient dynamics in the Mediterranean Sea in the extended winter season (October-March) 1961-1999

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 117-136
Author(s):  
M Reale ◽  
S Salon ◽  
S Somot ◽  
C Solidoro ◽  
F Giorgi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Aegean Sea ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
Gulf Of Lions ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation Patterns ◽  
The North ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

We investigated the effects of variations in the 4 primary mid-latitude large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns on nutrients potentially limiting phytoplankton growth in the Mediterranean Sea (nitrate and phosphate), with a focus on the key deep convective areas of the basin (Gulf of Lions, Southern Adriatic Sea, Southern Aegean Sea and Rhodes Gyre). Monthly indices of these 4 modes of variability, together with a high-resolution hindcast of the Mediterranean Sea physics and biogeochemistry covering the period 1961-1999, were used to determine the physical mechanisms explaining the influence of these patterns on nutrient distribution and variability. We found a decrease in the concentration of phosphate and nitrate for each unit of increase in the index values of the East Atlantic and East Atlantic/Western Russian variability modes in the area of the Gulf of Lions, while a signal of the opposite sign was associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation in the Aegean Sea and Rhodes Gyre. In both cases, the variability observed was related to a significant variation in the mixed layer depth driven by heat losses and wind stress over the areas. The East Atlantic pattern played a major role in driving the long-term dynamics of both phosphate and nitrate availability in the Gulf of Lions, with a particularly pronounced effect in December and January. For both the Aegean Sea and Rhodes Gyre, the most prominent correlations were found between the North Atlantic Oscillation and phosphate, with a highly consistent behavior in the 2 areas associated with common physical forcing and exchange of properties among them.

scholarly journals British sharks in Sicily: records of long distance migration of tope shark (Galeorhinus galeus) from North-eastern Atlantic to Mediterranean Sea.

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 309 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCESCO COLLOCA ◽  
DANILO SCANNELLA ◽  
MICHELE LUCA GERACI ◽  
FABIO FALSONE ◽  
GIUSTO BATISTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Ne Atlantic ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Strait Of Sicily ◽  
North East ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Galeorhinus Galeus

The study reports information about the recapture of two tagged adult females of tope shark, Galeorhinus galeus (Linnaeus 1758), in the central Mediterranean Sea (south coasts of Sicily) in 2014 and 2017. The two females were tagged in North-East Atlantic, respectively in Scotland in 2009 and Ireland in 2015. The Scottish specimen was a 175 cm female increasing of about 10 kg in body weight and 37 cm in total length during its 1967 days at liberty (5.39 years). The Irish one, was a pregnant female of an estimated age of 15-17 year which spent 248 days at liberty increasing 14 cm during this period. The growth rate of the two specimens was therefore between 6.8 and 7.8 cm year-1, faster than the annual increments of adults suggested in previous studies. Previous tope recapture records in the Mediterranean Sea were limited to the Alboran Sea, coast of Valencia and the Algerian coasts. The two tope females recaptured in the Strait of Sicily provided the first evidence of long distance entrance of NE Atlantic tope in the Mediterranean Sea. The well known occurrence of mature females and juveniles in this area of the Mediterranean suggest the hypothesis of a migration of adults female from their feeding grounds in north eastern Atlantic to lower latitudes up to the Mediterranean Sea for parturition.

Electrophoretic identification of larvae and adults of Anisakis (Ascaridida:Anisakidae)

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Orecchia ◽  
L. Paggi ◽  
S. Mattiucci ◽  
J. W. Smith ◽  
G. Nascetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
North East ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Multilocus Electrophoresis

ABSTRACTThe relationships between larvae and adults of Anisakis from the Mediterranean Sea and North-East Atlantic Ocean were analysed by multilocus electrophoresis. The correspondence of type I larvae with the A. simplex complex, including the sibling species A. simplex A and B, and of type II larvae with A. physeteris is confirmed. 19 of the 22 loci studied discriminated between the two larval types. Biochemical keys are given for the electrophoretic identification of A. simplex A, A. simplex B and A. physeteris, at both the larval and adult stages.

A new species of Bathynomus A. Milne-Edwards, 1879 (Malacostraca: Peracarida: Isopoda: Cirolanidae) from the upper Miocene of the Guadalquivir Basin (Spain)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4819 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-169
Author(s):  
MATÚŠ HYŽNÝ ◽  
ILDEFONSO BAJO CAMPOS ◽  
JOAQUÍN CÁRDENAS CARRETERO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
Environmental Preferences ◽  
Upper Miocene ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Geological Past ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Warm Temperate ◽  
A New Species

Today representatives of the giant cirolanid isopods of the genus Bathynomus inhabit tropical to warm-temperate waters of the West Atlantic and the Indo-West Pacific. In not so distant geological past, however, the genus was present also in the Mediterranean, as documented by numerous fossils from the Plio–Pleistocene of Italy. Herein, a somewhat older occurrence of the genus is reported, from the North-East Atlantic. Based on a single posterior moult from the upper Miocene (Tortonian) of southwestern Spain, a new species is described. Bathynomus civisi sp. nov. differs from its congeners by both uropod rami having the obtuse distolateral corner produced as a distinct tip and a wider gap between the second and third side distal spines than between others. The new species is so far known only from the type locality in close vicinity of Arroyo Trujillo, in the municipality of Cantillana (Seville, Spain), where the marls of the Écija Formation are exposed. At the time of deposition of these marls, the area represented a part of the Norbetic Strait, a corridor connecting the North-East Atlantic with the Mediterranean. The new occurrence reported herein further supports the environmental preferences of the genus throughout its geological past for deep-marine settings.

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