Determination Of The Optimal Guide Curve For A Reservoir, Case Study Copa Dam, Boyacá

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Sierra ◽  
Jorge Sanabria ◽  
Gerald Corzo ◽  
Germán Santos
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Irrigation District ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Annual Series ◽  
Continuous Simulation ◽  
Hydrological System ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
The One

<p>Reservoir operation has been a task that always relate to integrated water resources concepts, the rules of such systems require to adapt to changes in the uses of water or in their prioritization. The storage body of La Copa reservoir, located in the upper Chicamocha river basin in Colombia was originally built with the objective of mitigating the floods over the upper Chicamocha valley. However, an irrigation district was latter established, with the objective of supplying water to farmers. This study presents the analysis and optimization of operational rules to minimize the likelihood of floods and shortages for the irrigation district. This is done by contemplating the uncertainty in the hydrological system.</p><p>A methodology is developed to obtain the optimal management and operation of the reservoir, aiming at reducing droughts and flood, which will end up in a regulated basins. A simulation model of the reservoir using the HEC-ResSim tool was used to aim at an optimal guide curve. The guide curve in this study is the base for operational decisions. A continuous simulation hydrological model using the HEC-HMS tool. The model was calibrated using annual series of daily flows as input into the reservoir model.  A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model using (HEC-RAS 2D) was used to test the results of regulation through the comparison of the simulations of the current and optimal regulation conditions.  Several guide curves were developed for the evaluation of the operation. Four of them among are selected and tested using the HEC-ResSim model through the quantification of the minimum and maximum volumes discharge failures. Finally, the guide curve with the least number of failures was selected as the one that provides the best system operation. The benefits of the selected guide curve were verified by the transit of the regulated hydrographs in the 2D hydraulic model. The simulation was carried out in the most period in terms of flows and maximum rainfall, from April 06 to May 15, 2011. The period between April 15 and 21 has the highest flow through the critical sector. On the other hand, unregulated conditions were evaluated using the flows of the hydrological model. It is found that the channel presents a notable improvement, in the simulation of April 15, through the discharges made in a controlled manner from the La Copa reservoir. The methodology presents a simple and practical way to obtain relative optimal operational rules for a multipurpose storage.</p>

Estimate of Storm Induced Beach Erosion Through the ETS Approach

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosaria E. Musumeci ◽  
Carla Faraci ◽  
Felice Arena ◽  
Enrico Foti
Keyword(s):  
Return Period ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Coastal Erosion ◽  
Beach Erosion ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Shoreline Retreat ◽  
Submerged Breakwater ◽  
The One

In the present paper the risk of beach erosion is evaluated by applying the Equivalent Triangular Storm (ETS). The selected case study is ‘La Plaja’ beach located in the South of Catania, Sicily. The proposed approach has shown that when the ETS model is applied, a shoreline retreat has been found which on average overestimates the one obtained by means of actual storm data of about 35%. The model has been applied for the determination of the return period of shoreline recession due to beach erosion during extreme events in order to recover risk maps, which can provide useful information in the planning of coastal interventions. Finally the model has been applied to predict the shoreline retreat in the presence of a submerged breakwater, confirming that the introduction of such coastal protection work strongly limits the risk of coastal erosion.

scholarly journals Determination of the length of Bogowonto double jetty as the river mouth stabilization

2021 ◽  
Vol 930 (1) ◽  
pp. 012027
Author(s):  
T E Bhakty ◽  
A H Swasono ◽  
N Yuwono ◽  
A F Ghalizhan ◽  
T Widyasari
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
River Flow ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
The One ◽  
River Mouths

Abstract One of the problems around estuaries with the wave-dominated combination of a small tidal range and low river discharges in the dry season was the mouth closed by a sand barrier. Longshore sediment flows silted up the river mouth while river flows were insufficiently large for flushing sand barriers. When the wet season started, river discharge suddenly enlarged. Discharge can’t flow through the river mouth due to being hindered by the sand barrier. The consequence was that the hinterlands were inundated. Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA) is located in a coastal area of Kulon Progo regency, between two river mouths (Bogowonto river and Serang River). The two rivers have unstable river mouths. The double Jetty had been built at the Bogowonto river, but its condition was damaged. Meanwhile, the breakwater was constructed at the river mouth Serang and called Tanjung Adikarto. Double Jetties will be built to stabilize the Bogowonto river mouth. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the length of the Jetty to be more effective in stabilizing the Bogowonto river mouth. Therefore, so that more easily opened by river flow and does not cause excessive erosion on the one side of the Jetty.

Two-Stage Procedure for the Quantitative Determination of Autoprothrombin III Concentration and Some Applications

1967 ◽  
Vol 18 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 198-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald S Reno ◽  
Walter H Seegers
Keyword(s):  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
Factor Vii ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Assay Procedure ◽  
Bovine Plasma ◽  
The One ◽  
Autoprothrombin C

SummaryA two-stage assay procedure was developed for the determination of the autoprothrombin C titre which can be developed from prothrombin or autoprothrombin III containing solutions. The proenzyme is activated by Russell’s viper venom and the autoprothrombin C activity that appears is measured by its ability to shorten the partial thromboplastin time of bovine plasma.Using the assay, the autoprothrombin C titre was determined in the plasma of several species, as well as the percentage of it remaining in the serum from blood clotted in glass test tubes. Much autoprothrombin III remains in human serum. With sufficient thromboplastin it was completely utilized. Plasma from selected patients with coagulation disorders was assayed and only Stuart plasma was abnormal. In so-called factor VII, IX, and P.T.A. deficiency the autoprothrombin C titre and thrombin titre that could be developed was normal. In one case (prethrombin irregularity) practically no thrombin titre developed but the amount of autoprothrombin C which generated was in the normal range.Dogs were treated with Dicumarol and the autoprothrombin C titre that could be developed from their plasmas decreased until only traces could be detected. This coincided with a lowering of the thrombin titre that could be developed and a prolongation of the one-stage prothrombin time. While the Dicumarol was acting, the dogs were given an infusion of purified bovine prothrombin and the levels of autoprothrombin C, thrombin and one-stage prothrombin time were followed for several hours. The tests became normal immediately after the infusion and then went back to preinfusion levels over a period of 24 hrs.In other dogs the effect of Dicumarol was reversed by giving vitamin K1 intravenously. The effect of the vitamin was noticed as early as 20 min after administration.In response to vitamin K the most pronounced increase was with that portion of the prothrombin molecule which yields thrombin. The proportion of that protein with respect to the precursor of autoprothrombin C increased during the first hour and then started to go down and after 3 hrs was equal to the proportion normally found in plasma.

A novel method for the determination of linting propensity of paper

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
ALESSANDRA GERLI ◽  
LEENDERT C. EIGENBROOD
Keyword(s):  
Ash Content ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Offset Printing ◽  
Excellent Correlation ◽  
End Conditions ◽  
Bottom Side ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Total Fraction

A novel method was developed for the determination of linting propensity of paper based on printing with an IGT printability tester and image analysis of the printed strips. On average, the total fraction of the surface removed as lint during printing is 0.01%-0.1%. This value is lower than those reported in most laboratory printing tests, and more representative of commercial offset printing applications. Newsprint paper produced on a roll/blade former machine was evaluated for linting propensity using the novel method and also printed on a commercial coldset offset press. Laboratory and commercial printing results matched well, showing that linting was higher for the bottom side of paper than for the top side, and that linting could be reduced on both sides by application of a dry-strength additive. In a second case study, varying wet-end conditions were used on a hybrid former machine to produce four paper reels, with the goal of matching the low linting propensity of the paper produced on a machine with gap former configuration. We found that the retention program, by improving fiber fines retention, substantially reduced the linting propensity of the paper produced on the hybrid former machine. The papers were also printed on a commercial coldset offset press. An excellent correlation was found between the total lint area removed from the bottom side of the paper samples during laboratory printing and lint collected on halftone areas of the first upper printing unit after 45000 copies. Finally, the method was applied to determine the linting propensity of highly filled supercalendered paper produced on a hybrid former machine. In this case, the linting propensity of the bottom side of paper correlated with its ash content.

A CASE STUDY OF NL INFLUENCE IN UNIS FKIP ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS' INTERLANGUAGE

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
Irmala Sukendra ◽  
Agus Mulyana ◽  
Imam Sudarmaji
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Universal Grammar ◽  
Similar System ◽  
The One ◽  
L1 Acquisition

Regardless to the facts that English is being taught to Indonesian students starting from early age, many Indonesian thrive in learning English. They find it quite troublesome for some to acquire the language especially to the level of communicative competence. Although Krashen (1982:10) states that “language acquirers are not usually aware of the fact that they are acquiring language, but are only aware of the fact that they are using the language for communication”, second language acquisition has several obstacles for learners to face and yet the successfulness of mastering the language never surmounts to the one of the native speakers. Learners have never been able to acquire the language as any native speakers do. Mistakes are made and inter-language is unavoidable. McNeili in Ellis (1985, p. 44) mentions that “the mentalist views of L1 acquisition hypothesizes the process of acquisition consists of hypothesis-testing, by which means the grammar of the learner’s mother tongue is related to the principles of the ‘universal grammar’.” Thus this study intends to find out whether the students go through the phase of interlanguage in their attempt to acquire second language and whether their interlanguage forms similar system as postulated by linguists (Krashen).

SIMPLIFIED DEXAMETHASONE SUPPRESSION TEST

1969 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. H. Asfeldt
Keyword(s):  
Cushing’S Syndrome ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Cushing's Syndrome ◽  
Dexamethasone Suppression Test ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Suppression Test ◽  
The One ◽  
Steroid Excretion ◽  
Dexamethasone Suppression

ABSTRACT This is an investigation of the practical clinical value of the one mg dexamethasone suppression test of Nugent et al. (1963). The results, evaluated from the decrease in fluorimetrically determined plasma corticosteroids in normal subjects, as well as in cases of exogenous obesity, hirsutism and in Cushing's syndrome, confirm the findings reported in previous studies. Plasma corticosteroid reduction after one mg of dexamethasone in cases of stable diabetes was not significantly different from that observed in control subjects, but in one third of the insulin-treated diabetics only a partial response was observed, indicating a slight hypercorticism in these patients. An insufficient decrease in plasma corticosteroids was observed in certain other conditions (anorexia nervosa, pituitary adenoma, patients receiving contraceptive or anticonvulsive treatment) with no hypercorticism. The physiological significance of these findings is discussed. It is concluded that the test, together with a determination of the basal urinary 17-ketogenic steroid excretion, is suitable as the first diagnostic test in patients in whom Cushing's syndrome is suspected. In cases of insufficient suppression of plasma corticosteroids, further studies, including the suppression test of Liddle (1960), must be carried out.

Interrelationships between municipal spatial policy strategy and airport operation and development. Lodz Airport case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Nikorowicz-Zatorska
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Spatial Management ◽  
The One ◽  
Surrounding Areas

Abstract The present paper focuses on spatial management regulations in order to carry out investment in the field of airport facilities. The construction, upgrades, and maintenance of airports falls within the area of responsibility of local authorities. This task poses a great challenge in terms of organisation and finances. On the one hand, an active airport is a municipal landmark and drives local economic, social and cultural development, and on the other, the scale of investment often exceeds the capabilities of local authorities. The immediate environment of the airport determines its final use and prosperity. The objective of the paper is to review legislation that affects airports and the surrounding communities. The process of urban planning in Lodz and surrounding areas will be presented as a background to the problem of land use management in the vicinity of the airport. This paper seeks to address the following questions: if and how airports have affected urban planning in Lodz, does the land use around the airport prevent the development of Lodz Airport, and how has the situation changed over the time? It can be assumed that as a result of lack of experience, land resources and size of investments on one hand and legislative dissonance and peculiar practices on the other, aviation infrastructure in Lodz is designed to meet temporary needs and is characterised by achieving short-term goals. Cyclical problems are solved in an intermittent manner and involve all the municipal resources, so there’s little left to secure long-term investments.

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