Relations between DSGSDs, morphostratigraphy of landslide deposits, tectonic and climatic events in central-eastern Sardinia.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentino Demurtas ◽  
Giacono Deiana ◽  
Paolo Emanuele Orrù
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Lateral Spreading ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Rock Falls ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
Fluvial Dynamics ◽  
Quaternary Stratigraphy ◽  
Central Eastern ◽  
Jurassic Limestone

<p>Some cases of deep-seated gravitational slope deformations (DSGSDs) and paleo-landslides in central-eastern Sardinia are presented. This study focuses on the Quaternary landslide deposits preserved on the flanks of the Rio Pardu and Rio Ulassai valleys. The area is characterized by a wide<br>plateau with a prominent Jurassic limestone scarp overlying Palaeozoic metamorphites. The Plio-Pleistocenic uplift, linked to the Tirrenian basin opening and the consequent basalt volcanism, generated high slopes. In the middle-lower Pleistocene, deepening of the valley has been accelerated by<br>river capture processes. This litho-structural setting is prone to the development of rock falls, toppling and deep-seated gravitational slope deformations. During the upper-middle Pleistocene the gravitational and fluvial dynamics were dominated by the eustatic phases. The aim of this study is to determine the morpho-stratigraphy and main characteristics of the Quaternary landslide deposits using geomorphic, sedimentological and morphotectonic analysis. The use of high resolution UAV (Unmanned aerial vehicle) photogrammetry and geological, structural, geomorphological surveys allowed a detailed morphometric analysis and the creation of interpretative 3d models. This analysis allowed to recognize new morphostructural elements linked to a compound landslide with lateral spreading and sackung characteristics which involves giant carbonate blocks and the underlying foliated metamorphites. This high-resolution data allowed the formulation of new hypotheses about evolution and kinematics of DSGSD and landslides. The results of field surveys, geomorphological and sedimentological analysis of actual and paleo-landslide deposits show morphostratigraphic framework encompasses three order of rockfalls and three order of DSGSD. Cemented, quiescent and active landslide deposits were tentatively attributed to the Pliocene, Pleistocene and Holocene tectonic and climatic events, and compared with the traditional Quaternary stratigraphy of eastern Sardinia.</p>

scholarly journals A comparative case study of MTInSAR approaches for deformation monitoring of the cultural landscape of the Shanhaiguan section of the Great Wall

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Xu ◽  
Fulong Chen ◽  
Wei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Linear Structure ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Sar Interferometry ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Rock Falls ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Great Wall

Abstract The Great Wall of China is one of the largest architectural heritage sites globally, and its sustainability is a significant concern. However, its large extent and diverse characteristics cause challenges for deformation monitoring. In this study, the Shanhaiguan section of the Great Wall was investigated in a case study to ascertain the damage and potential hazards of the architectural site. Two standard multi-temporal synthetic aperture radar interferometry (MTInSAR) technologies, including persistent scatterer SAR interferometry (PSInSAR) and small baseline subset (SBAS) SAR interferometry, were used for deformation monitoring using high-resolution TerraSAR-X data acquired in 2015–2017. The results of the two MTInSAR approaches revealed the health condition of the Great Wall. The Shanhaiguan section was stable, but local instabilities caused by rock falls were detected in some mountainous areas. In addition, the applicability of PSInSAR and SBAS was evaluated. The performance analysis of the two approaches indicated that a more reliable and adaptable MTInSAR technique needs to be developed for monitoring the Great Wall. This study demonstrates the potential of MTInSAR technology with high-resolution data for the health diagnosis of heritage sites with a linear structure, such as the Great Wall.

scholarly journals A comparative case study of MTInSAR approaches for deformation monitoring of the cultural landscape of the Shanhaiguan section of the Great Wall

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Xu ◽  
Fulong Chen ◽  
Wei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Linear Structure ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Sar Interferometry ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Rock Falls ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Great Wall

AbstractThe Great Wall of China is one of the largest architectural heritage sites globally, and its sustainability is a significant concern. However, its large extent and diverse characteristics are challenges for deformation monitoring. In this study, the Shanhaiguan section of the Great Wall was investigated in a case study to ascertain the damage and potential hazards of the architectural site. Two standard multi-temporal synthetic aperture radar interferometry (MTInSAR) technologies, including persistent scatterer SAR interferometry (PSInSAR) and small baseline subset (SBAS) SAR interferometry, were used for deformation monitoring using high-resolution TerraSAR-X data acquired in 2015–2017. The results of the two MTInSAR approaches reveal the health condition of the Great Wall. The Shanhaiguan section was stable, but local instabilities caused by rock falls were detected in some mountainous areas. In addition, the applicability of PSInSAR and SBAS was evaluated. The performance analysis of the two approaches indicated that a more reliable and adaptable MTInSAR technique needs to be developed for monitoring the Great Wall. This study demonstrates the potential of MTInSAR technology with high-resolution data for the health diagnosis of heritage sites with a linear structure, such as the Great Wall.

scholarly journals Production of a Three-Dimensional Triangulated Irregular Network (3D TIN) for Al-Karkh University of Science, Baghdad- Iraq

2021 ◽  
pp. 4529-4536
Author(s):  
Huda M. Hamid ◽  
Fadia W. Al-Azawi
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Data ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Pixel Resolution ◽  
Triangulated Irregular Network ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Elevation Model

Many satellite systems take cover images like QuickBird for terrain so that these images scan be used to construct 3D models likes Triangulated Irregular Network (TIN), and Digital Elevation Model (DEM). This paper presents a production of 3D TIN for Al-Karkh University of Science in Baghdad - Iraq using QuickBird image data with pixel resolution of 0.6 m. The recent generations of high-resolution satellite imaging systems open a new era of digital mapping and earth observation. It provides not only multi-spectral and high-resolution data but also the capability for stereo mapping. The result of this study is a production of 3D satellite images of the university by merging 1 m DEM with satellite image for ROI using ArcGIS package Version 10.3.

scholarly journals High-Resolution Traffic Sensing with Probe Autonomous Vehicles: A Data-Driven Approach

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
Wei Ma ◽  
Sean Qian
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Traffic Information ◽  
Flow Density ◽  
Massive Data ◽  
Market Penetration ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
Data Driven Approach

Recent decades have witnessed the breakthrough of autonomous vehicles (AVs), and the sensing capabilities of AVs have been dramatically improved. Various sensors installed on AVs will be collecting massive data and perceiving the surrounding traffic continuously. In fact, a fleet of AVs can serve as floating (or probe) sensors, which can be utilized to infer traffic information while cruising around the roadway networks. Unlike conventional traffic sensing methods relying on fixed location sensors or moving sensors that acquire only the information of their carrying vehicle, this paper leverages data from AVs carrying sensors for not only the information of the AVs, but also the characteristics of the surrounding traffic. A high-resolution data-driven traffic sensing framework is proposed, which estimates the fundamental traffic state characteristics, namely, flow, density and speed in high spatio-temporal resolutions and of each lane on a general road, and it is developed under different levels of AV perception capabilities and for any AV market penetration rate. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves high accuracy even with a low AV market penetration rate. This study would help policymakers and private sectors (e.g., Waymo) to understand the values of massive data collected by AVs in traffic operation and management.

scholarly journals Tracking late Pleistocene Neandertals on the Iberian coast

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Mayoral ◽  
Ignacio Díaz-Martínez ◽  
Jéremy Duveau ◽  
Ana Santos ◽  
Antonio Rodríguez Ramírez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Microbial Mats ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Upper Pleistocene ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Flooded Area

AbstractHere, we report the recent discovery of 87 Neandertal footprints on the Southwest of the Iberian Peninsula (Doñana shoreline, Spain) located on an upper Pleistocene aeolian littoral setting (about 106 ± 19 kyr). Morphometric comparisons, high resolution digital photogrammetric 3D models and detailed sedimentary analysis have been provided to characterized the footprints and the palaeoenvironment. The footprints were impressed in the shoreline of a hypersaline swamped area related to benthic microbial mats, close to the coastline. They have a rounded heel, a longitudinal arch, relatively short toes, and adducted hallux, and represent the oldest upper Pleistocene record of Neandertal footprints in the world. Among these 87 footprints, 31 are longitudinally complete and measure from 14 to 29 cm. The calculated statures range from 104 to 188 cm, with half of the data between 130 and 150 cm. The wide range of sizes of the footprints suggests the existence of a social group integrated by individuals of different age classes but dominated, however, by non-adult individuals. The footprints, which are outside the flooded area are oriented perpendicular to the shoreline. These 87 footprints reinforce the ecological scenario of Neandertal groups established in coastal areas.

Using high resolution data to reveal depth-dependent mechanisms that drive land subsidence: The Venice coast, Italy

2009 ◽  
Vol 474 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 271-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Tosi ◽  
P. Teatini ◽  
L. Carbognin ◽  
G. Brancolini
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Land Subsidence ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
Resolution Data

scholarly journals High-resolution single-cell 3D-models of chromatin ensembles during Drosophila embryogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu Sun ◽  
Alan Perez-Rathke ◽  
Daniel M. Czajkowsky ◽  
Zhifeng Shao ◽  
Jie Liang
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Midblastula Transition ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Large Ensembles ◽  
Chromatin Folding ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

AbstractSingle-cell chromatin studies provide insights into how chromatin structure relates to functions of individual cells. However, balancing high-resolution and genome wide-coverage remains challenging. We describe a computational method for the reconstruction of large 3D-ensembles of single-cell (sc) chromatin conformations from population Hi-C that we apply to study embryogenesis in Drosophila. With minimal assumptions of physical properties and without adjustable parameters, our method generates large ensembles of chromatin conformations via deep-sampling. Our method identifies specific interactions, which constitute 5–6% of Hi-C frequencies, but surprisingly are sufficient to drive chromatin folding, giving rise to the observed Hi-C patterns. Modeled sc-chromatins quantify chromatin heterogeneity, revealing significant changes during embryogenesis. Furthermore, >50% of modeled sc-chromatin maintain topologically associating domains (TADs) in early embryos, when no population TADs are perceptible. Domain boundaries become fixated during development, with strong preference at binding-sites of insulator-complexes upon the midblastula transition. Overall, high-resolution 3D-ensembles of sc-chromatin conformations enable further in-depth interpretation of population Hi-C, improving understanding of the structure-function relationship of genome organization.

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