Study on Countermeasures System of Ecological Flow Guarantee in Weihe River Basin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Ecological Flow ◽  
Weihe River ◽  
Weihe River Basin

<p>Ensuring the ecological flow of the Weihe River is a basic requirement for strengthening water resources management and ecological protection and restoration in Weihe River Basin and is of great significance for ensuring the safety of water resources and ecological safety in Weihe River Basin. This study selects three major control cross-sections of Beidao, Linjiacun, and Huaxian for ecological flow protection research. In this paper, the existing results of the main control cross-sections were summarized, the Tennant method and the most withered month average flow method were applied to analyze and calculate the ecological base flow. Then, the flow data from 1980 to 2016 are applied to analyze the degree of ecological flow guarantee. Based on the changes in the Weihe River runoff and the development of water resources, the rationality and accessibility of the ecological flow were demonstrated, and the ecological base flow indicators of Beidao, Linjiacun and Huaxian cross-sections were comprehensively determined to be 2m<sup>3</sup>/s, 5m<sup>3</sup>/s, and 12m<sup>3</sup>/s, respectively. Furthermore, the current status of ecological security in the Weihe River Basin was analyzed in depth. It is clear that there were problems in the Weihe River Basin, such as strong water demand, the high pressure of water uses for life, production and ecology during dry years, difficult guarantee of ecological flow, incomplete ecological flow guarantee working mechanism, etc. Based on the analysis, the suggestions were proposed from the perspectives of enhancing the organization and leadership, intensifying the unified allocation of water resources in the Weihe River, strengthening the capacity of water regime monitoring, establishing an early warning system for ecological flow, strictly controlling water withdrawal, and reinforcing supervision and assessment. Then the countermeasure system of ecological flow guarantee was established.</p>

scholarly journals The Runoff Evolution and the Differences Analysis of the Causes of Runoff Change in Different Regions: A Case of the Weihe River Basin, Northern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuoyang Li ◽  
Guiyu Yang ◽  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Runoff Change ◽  
Weihe River ◽  
Weihe River Basin ◽  
Impacts Of Human Activity

The runoff levels of the major hydrological stations in the Weihe river basin (WRB) have been found to present decreasing trends. However, the conspicuous spatial differences in the hydro-meteorological conditions have led to variations in the rainfall–runoff pattern in each of the sub-basin areas. The aims of this research study were to reveal the main factors contributing to the runoff changes in the different regions—and it has significance in the water resources rational allocation and protection in the different regions. Three statistical methods were used to analyze the law of precipitation and runoffs of five hydrological stations. The SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model was used to reconstruct the runoff in the impact period. The effects of climate change and human activity on runoff were separated by comparing measured runoff and reconstructed runoff. The results show that the closer the proximity to the downstream hydrological station, the more the runoff decreased. In the tributaries and upstream hydrological stations (Zhuanhtou (ZT), Zhangjiashan (ZJS), and Linjiacun (LJC)), from 1970 to 2016, the dominant factor of the runoff reduction was determined to be climate change, and accounted for 148.2%, 98.9%, and 90.5%, respectively. In the hydrological stations of middle and lower reaches (Xianyang (XY) and Huaxian (HX)), the contributions of the climate change to the runoff reduction were 49.7% and 44.3%, respectively, and the impacts of human activity accounted for 50.3% and 55.7%. The impacts of human activity on the runoff reduction were slightly greater than that of the climate change. Due to the different leading factors affecting runoff change in the basin, in response to future climate change, for tributaries and upstream areas, land use should be rationally planned to achieve the optimal balance of water volume in each part of the basin, which is of great significance to the protection and utilization of water resources. As for the middle and downstream regions, reasonable planning should also be focused on the amount of water withdraw, water resource allocations, and water conservancy project construction. According to the factors affecting runoff, corresponding strategies are proposed for different regions, which have important research significance for the protection and sustainable development of watershed water resources.

scholarly journals Spatial-Temporal Change of Actual Evapotranspiration and the Causes Based on the Advection–Aridity Model in the Weihe River Basin, China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Ruirui Xu ◽  
Peng Gao ◽  
Xingmin Mu ◽  
Chaojun Gu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Temporal Change ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Weihe River ◽  
Weihe River Basin

Evapotranspiration is a key process between the atmospheric hydrological cycle and the energy cycle, which has a great significance in understanding climate change and the rational use of water resources, especially for the Weihe River basin (WRB) (a basin in China experiencing a shortage of water resources). We investigated the spatial-temporal change of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) based on the daily meteorological variables of 22 meteorological stations and the annual streamflow of three hydrological stations from 1970 to 2018 in the WRB. The contributions of key meteorological variables to ETa changes and the sensitivity coefficient are also quantified. The temporal trends of ETa showed an increasing trend from 1970 to 2018, and the spatial distribution of ETa increased from northwest to southeast in the WRB. Increasing trends were detected in the multi-year average, spring, and winter, but only a few stations passed the significance test. Summer and autumn showed a decreasing trend, but this trend was not significant. Solar radiation is the most sensitive meteorological variable, followed by vapor pressure, wind speed, and mean temperature. Vapor pressure contributes the most to ETa changes, followed by solar radiation. In general, vapor pressure (relative humidity) is the dominant meteorological factor affecting ETa in the WRB. In addition to meteorological factors, the ETa is also affected by combined and complicated factors caused by precipitation and human activities. As an important part of the hydrological cycle, ETa has important research significance for water resources management, economy, agriculture, and ecology and results of this study may be helpful to further clarify the climate change and human activities impacts on the basin hydrological cycle.

scholarly journals Truth concealed behind "Zero Increase of Total Water Use" and coordination approach of socio-economic and eco-environmental water uses in the Weihe River Basin, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 392-397
Author(s):  
Y. Jia ◽  
N. Wei ◽  
C. Hao ◽  
J. You ◽  
C. Niu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Weihe River ◽  
Weihe River Basin ◽  
Water Uses

Abstract. The water resources situation in the water-stressed Weihe River Basin, China, is more serious now than ever before because of a decrease in water resources and socio-economic development. A "Zero increase of socio-economic water use" in recent years gives people a wrong understanding and conceals the water crisis in the basin because the socio-economic water consumption has actually increased. Water use for the hydro-ecological system has been greatly reduced by a decrease in water resources and socio-economic water consumption increase. New concepts of hierarchical water uses for every sector and water consumption control are suggested for coordinating water uses of the socio-economy and ecosystems in the water-stressed basin. The traditional water resources allocation and regulation in China usually set up a priority sequence for water use sectors. Generally speaking, domestic water use has the highest priority and a highest guarantee rate, followed by industrial water use, irrigation and lastly ecological water use. The concept of hierarchical water use for every sector is to distinguish the water use of every sector into minimum part, appropriate part, and expected extra part with different guarantee rates, and the minimum parts of all sectors should be first guaranteed. By applying a water allocation model, we compared the water allocation results of the traditional approach and the newly suggested approach. Although further study is desired, the results are believed to be of an important referential value to sustainable development in the basin.

scholarly journals Evaluating Cryospheric Water Withdrawal and Virtual Water Flows in Tarim River Basin of China: An Input–Output Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7589
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Shiwei Liu ◽  
Cunde Xiao ◽  
Cuiyang Feng ◽  
Chenyu Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Water Withdrawal ◽  
Tarim River ◽  
Tarim River Basin ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
Water Flows

In Tarim River Basin (TRB), the retreat of glacier and snow cover reduction due to climate warming threatens the regional economy of downstream basins that critically depends on meltwater. However, the quantitative evaluation of its impact on multiple sectors of the socioeconomic system is incomplete. Based on compiled regional input–output table of the year 2012, this study developed a method to analyze the relationships between economic activities and related meltwater withdrawal, as well as sectoral transfer. The results show that the direct meltwater withdrawal intensity (DMWI) of agriculture was much higher than other sectors, reaching 2348.02 m3/10,000 CNY. Except for A01 (agriculture) and A02 (mining and washing of coal), the embodied meltwater withdrawal (EMW) driven by the final demand of other sectors was greater than direct meltwater withdrawal, and all sectors required inflows of virtual water (72.45 × 108 m3, accounting for 29% of total supply from cryospheric water resources) for their production processes in 2012. For sectors with high DMWI, improving water-use efficiency is an effective way to reduce water withdrawal. To some extent, the unbalanced supply of cryospheric water resources due to geographical segregation can be regulated by virtual water flows from water-saving to water-intensive sectors. Such decisions can affect the balance between socioeconomic development and environment conservation for long-term sustainability.

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