Deep sea benthic foraminiferal record from the Haymana Basin (Turkey): changes in abundance patterns and diversity across Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezgi Vardar ◽  
Sevinç Özkan-Altıner
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Foraminiferal Assemblage ◽  
Abundance Patterns ◽  
As Species ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
Foraminiferal Record ◽  
Northern Branch

<p>In order to reveal the response of benthic foraminifera to Cretaceous-Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary event, a high-resolution benthic foraminiferal study was carried out from a land-based Haymana section which is biostratigraphically complete, and once located in the northern branch of the Tethyan Ocean. To this end, 25 samples collected from deep marine succession of the Haymana Basin were quantitatively assessed along with the utilization of quantification of species, morphogroup analysis and diversity indices to establish remarkable changes in biofacies which resulted from the boundary event.</p><p>Depositional environment is inferred as upper bathyal (200-600 m) throughout the studied section based on foraminiferal associations. Bathymetric marker species include mainly bi- to triserial forms in Maastrichtian, which favor this interval. Calcareous taxa including <em>Bolivinoides draco</em>,  <em>Eouvigerina subsculptura</em>, <em>Nonionellina</em> sp. 1, <em>Pseudouvigerina</em> <em>plummerae</em>, <em>Pyramidina</em> <em>minuta</em>, as well as species belonging to <em>Gyroidinoides</em>, <em>Laevidentalina</em>, <em>Lagena</em>, <em>Lenticulina</em>, <em>Pullenia</em>, and <em>Sitella</em> are together forming 30% of the whole assemblage in this study, which are also attributed as Shallow Bathyal Assemblage of Widmark and Speijer (1997b) from the upper bathyal environment. Accompanied agglutinated taxa are consisting of <em>Clavuinoides</em> <em>trilatera</em>, <em>Arenobulimina</em> sp., as well as species of <em>Dorothia</em>, <em>Gaudryina</em>, <em>Verneuilina</em>, and <em>Heterostomella</em>, which are reported from low and mid-latitude Slope Deep Water biofacies of Kuhnt et al. (1989). There was probably no paleobathymetric change in the Danian, as it is concluded from the structure of the faunal assemblage. Besides, calcareous taxa are found to be more abundant with respect to agglutinated taxa within the whole section, offering deposition over Carbonate Compensation Depth (CCD) level.</p><p>With this study, <em>Eouvigerina</em> <em>subsculptura</em> Acme Zone is newly offered for the uppermost Maastrichtian, and also aligned with <em>Bolivinoides draco</em> Zone, since it is existing as very abundant in all samples. Besides, <em>Angulogavelinella</em> <em>avnimelechi</em>-<em>Anomalinoides rubiginosus</em> Interval Zone (BB1) is assigned for the lowermost Danian section based on marker Paleocene species.</p><p>Based on this benthic foraminiferal record, a highly diverse foraminiferal assemblage is observed in the Maastrichtian, then it is replaced with a poor to moderate diversity assemblage in the Danian. This finding is presented by diversity indices (Fisher alpha, Shannon H and Berger Parker). Presence of diverse morphogroups together in the upper Maastrichtian section along with taxa preferring high nutrient levels including <em>E. Subsculptura</em> (11-23%), <em>Sliteria varsoviensis</em> (0-6%), <em>Praebulimina reussi</em> (2-9%), <em>Heterostomella</em> spp. (4-11%) and <em>Sitella</em> spp. (1-13%) suggests meso- to eutrophic conditions in this section. A sudden change in the faunal composition right after the K/Pg boundary offers depleted food flux into the bottom of the basin. Infaunal morpogroups decline after the boundary in the Danian section, whereas epifaunal morphogroups including mostly opportunistic <em>Cibicidoides</em> spp. (17%), increased in number in this section. The timing of this record is coinciding with the worldwide primary productivity collapse and planktonic foraminiferal mass extinction during the K/Pg boundary event.</p><p>Keywords: K/Pg boundary, deep sea benthic foraminifera, quantitative assessment, paleoenvironment, Haymana Basin</p>

scholarly journals Impact of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku earthquake on a deep-sea benthic ecosystem: evidence from living and dead benthic foraminifera on the landward slope of the Japan Trench

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Tsujimoto ◽  
Ritsuo Nomura ◽  
Hidetaka Nomaki ◽  
Kazuno Arai ◽  
Mutsuo Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Tohoku Earthquake ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Japan Trench ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Foraminiferal Assemblage ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. We examined the impact of the earthquake and tsunami following the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku earthquake on the deep-sea benthic ecosystems based on radionuclide and benthic foraminiferal analysis of core sediments, collected from 3200 and 3600 m water depths 5 and 17 months after the earthquake. Radionuclide analysis of the excess 210Pb, 134Cs, and 137Cs indicated that some of the analyzed sediment core recorded deposits before the earthquake, event deposits just after the earthquake, and deposits after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, which caused the release of a large amount of radioactive material 4 days after the earthquake. Uvigerina senticosa, Chilostomella oolina, and Elphidium batialis were the dominant species in the study area prior to the earthquake. In core 4W-2012, the original or pre-earthquake assemblage layer was covered by 5-cm-thick event deposits following the earthquake that contained a high diversity allochthonous foraminiferal assemblage. Following the episodic deposition, foraminiferal density drastically decreased and many species disappeared, resulting in a decrease in species diversity. Above 10 cm depth in the sediment, living specimens of opportunistic and competitive species gradually increased toward the sediment surface and became dominant in the top 1 cm of the core. Thus, the episodic deposition resulting from the earthquake caused a drastic decrease in the original benthic foraminifera and colonization of opportunistic species with a low diversity within 17 months. Although there were differences in vertical change in the radionuclides and benthic foraminifera between sites, faunal change may have already occurred 5 months after the earthquake.

Effect of early Oligocene cooling on the deep-sea benthic foraminifera at IODP hole 1138A, Kerguelen Plateau (Southern Ocean)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Abhayanand Singh Maurya ◽  
Dharmendra Pratap Singh
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Bottom Water ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Marine Ecology ◽  
Kerguelen Plateau ◽  
Early Oligocene

<p>Benthic foraminifera are typical unicellular marine fauna forming calcareous tests that are commonly used as a proxy to infer the past climatic variabilities. To study the benthic foraminiferal response, we collected 146 samples from IODP hole 1138A, the Southern Ocean (Indian Sector, water depth of 1140 m). We computed various diversity parameters of benthic foraminifera, i.e., Shannon-weaver index (H(S)), Equitability (E'), Hurlbert's diversity index (Sm), Fisher's alpha index (α), and Species richness (S). The calculated diversity indices with the abundance of dominant early Oligocene (33.5 to 31.2 million years ago) benthic foraminifera taxa reveal significant palaeoceanographic changes viz. cooling and warming events in the Southern Ocean. The early Oligocene interval exhibits an unusual condition at hole 1138A dominated by high oxygen species, intermediate food supply, well-ventilated, cold, and corrosive bottom water condition. The calculated values of all diversity parameters increase from 33.7 Ma to 32.8 Ma while attaining the maximum from 32.8 Ma to 32.2 Ma, followed by a decreasing trend. The highest value of diversity parameters coincides with the Oi-1 events. The relative increase in the species diversity between Oi-1 (33.5 Ma) and Oi-1b (31.7 Ma) events correspond to the brief interruption of Warm Saline Deep Water (WSDW). The enhanced values of low species diversity by high seasonality and relatively cold, strong bottom-water currents after Eocene-Oligocene Transition (EOT; 33.9 Ma) and after Oi-1b (31.7 Ma) event relates to the intensification of Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) and Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) along with the substantial buildup of the southern hemisphere glaciation. The abrupt decrease of abundance of species such as <em>Nuttallides umbonifera</em>, <em>Astrononion echolsi</em>, and <em>Uvigerina peregerina</em> at the end of the studied interval (31.3 Ma) further corroborates the major southern hemisphere glaciation. The present study of the benthic foraminiferal abundance and diversity indices therefore reveals the cooling of the Southern Ocean at early and late stages of the studied interval interrupted by a short-lived warming event. The study further enhances the understanding of paleo-marine ecology by evaluating the response of deep-sea benthic foraminifera to global climate change.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Kerguelen Plateau, Benthic Foraminifera, Southern Ocean, early Oligocene</p>

The Upper Cretaceous foraminiferal record of IODP Site U1512 (Great Australian Bight, Indian Ocean)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Wolfgring ◽  
Michael A. Kaminski ◽  
Anna Waśkowska ◽  
Maria Rose Petrizzo ◽  
Eun Young Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Planktonic Foraminifera ◽  
Late Eocene ◽  
Foraminiferal Assemblage ◽  
Benthic Foraminiferal Assemblage ◽  
International Ocean Discovery Program ◽  
Foraminiferal Record ◽  
Great Australian Bight ◽  
Microfossil Assemblage

<p>Site U1512 was drilled during Expedition 369 of the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP), which is located in the Great Australian Bight, southern Indian Ocean. It provides exceptional insights into the benthic foraminiferal biostratigraphy and paleoecology of a high southern latitude restricted marginal marine basin during the Late Cretaceous hot greenhouse climate and the rifting between Australia and Antarctica. The sedimentary sequence recovered at Site U1512 presents a rare record of a deep water agglutinated foraminifera (DWAF) community from the Southern High Latitudes. The Cretaceous record at Site U1512 covers the lower Turonian through Santonian (nannofossil zones UC8b to UC12/CC10b to CC16, <em>H. helvetica</em> to <em>Marginotruncana</em> spp. - <em>Planoheterohelix papula</em> - <em>Globotruncana linneana</em> planktonic foraminifera zones). Diverse benthic foraminiferal assemblages yield many new taxa that are yet to be described.</p><p>Agglutinated forms dominate the assemblage in most intervals. In lower to mid Turonian and Santonian strata, calcareous benthic as well as planktonic foraminifera are frequent. Abundant radiolaria are recovered from the mid Turonian, and they increase up-section and exceed 50% of the microfossil assemblage. We documented a diverse benthic foraminiferal assemblage consisting of 162 taxa (110 agglutinated and 52 calcareous). The most common taxa of the DWAF assemblage are tubular (i.e., <em>Kalamopsis grzybowskii,</em> <em>Bathysiphon</em> spp.) and planispiral forms (i.e., <em>Ammodiscus</em> spp., <em>Haplophragmoides</em> spp., <em>Buzasina</em> sp., <em>Labrospira</em> spp.).</p><p>The Turonian strata yield highly abundant <em>Bulbobaculites problematicus</em> and <em>Spiroplectammina navarroana</em>. The presence of the agglutinated foraminiferal marker taxa <em>Uvigerinammina jankoi</em> and <em>Bulbobaculites problematicus</em> provides a tie-point to the Tethyan DWAF biozonation of Geroch and Nowak (1984). The composition of foraminiferal assemblages and the increase in radiolaria abundance suggest unstable environmental conditions at Site U1512 during the early Turonian through Santonian. These characteristics refer to changes in bathymetry associated with changing ocean chemistry. Results of quantitative analyses of the benthic foraminiferal assemblages indicate a restricted paleoenvironmental regime, dictated by changes in paleobathymetry, unstable patterns in ocean circulation, and the discharge of a nearby river delta system.</p><p>References: Geroch, S., Nowak, K., 1984. Proposal of zonation for the Late Tithonian – late Eocene. based upon arenaceous Foraminifera from the Outer Carpathians, Poland, 225-239, In: Oertli, H.J. (Ed.), Benthos ´83; 2nd international 915 Symposium on Benthic Foraminifera, Pau (France) April 11-15, 1983, Elf Aquitaine, ESO REP and TOTAL CFP, Pau and Bordeaux.</p><p> </p>

Early Silurian Benthic Foraminifera from Saudi Arabia - including the oldest known multichambered lituolids

Stratigraphy ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 141-185
Author(s):  
Michael A. Kaminski ◽  
Pramudya R. D. Perdana
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Early Evolution ◽  
Foraminiferal Assemblage ◽  
New Findings ◽  
New Finding ◽  
Agglutinated Foraminifera

ABSTRACT: A diverse assemblage of early Silurian agglutinated foraminifera is described from the transitional facies between the Qusaiba and Sharawra Formations of theQalibah Group of Saudi Arabia. The agglutinated foraminiferal assemblage consists of 73 species belonging to 24 genera, and is found in in dark graptolite-bearing claystone of Aeronian age. The assemblage is highly diverse compared with coeval early Silurian assemblages reported from Europe and North America. The assemblage is comprised mainly of species belonging to the monothalamid genera Saccammina, Psammosphaera, Lagenammina, Thurammina, Thuramminoides, Amphitremoida, Bathysiphon, Rhabdammina, and the tubothalamid genera Hyperammina, Tolypammina and Turritellella. The new species Thuramminoides ellipsoidalis n. sp. is described herein, but many of the species left in open nomenclature are also likely to be new. The assemblage also includes rare specimens belonging to the globothalamid (lituolid) genera Ammobaculites and Simobaculites. This new finding revises our understanding of the early evolution of the multichambered globothalamid foraminifera. Although the simple multichambered with rectilinear chamber arrangement are known from the Ordovician, our new findings show that the coiled globothalamids belonging to the order Lituolida are older than previously thought, and were already present in Gondwana by about 440 Ma.

scholarly journals Benthic foraminifera in a deep-sea high-energy environment: the Moira Mounds (Porcupine Seabight, SW of Ireland)

2018 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Fentimen ◽  
Andres Rüggeberg ◽  
Aaron Lim ◽  
Akram El Kateb ◽  
Anneleen Foubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Porcupine Seabight ◽  
Energy Environment

scholarly journals FORAMINÍFEROS BENTÓNICOS RECIENTES EN LAS AGUAS PROFUNDAS DE LA CUENCA DE PANAMÁ: ECOLOGÍA Y SU POSIBLE RELACIÓN CON LAS CORRIENTES DE FONDO

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Germán David Patarroyo Camargo ◽  
José Ignacio Martínez Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Bottom Currents ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Surface Productivity ◽  
Sea Currents ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Foraminíferos Bentónicos

The relationship between recent benthic foraminifera and bottom currents in the Panama basin (Colombian Pacific) is examined, and the main ecological variables which control the distribution of benthic foraminifera are discussed. The benthic foraminiferal study of 24 core top samples and the integration with previous reports, support the view that in upwelling areas or under high terrigenous influx, the assemblages are dominated by infaunal forms such as Uvigerina, Bolivina, Globobulimina, and Chilostomella, beside common forms such as Uvigerina peregrina Cushman and Epistominella spp., which are indicative of high productivity. In contrast, epifaunal forms such as Cibicidoides, Laticarinina, and Hoeglundina are more common on the flanks of the Cocos and Carnegie Ridges indicating a lower surface productivity and a larger content of dissolved oxygen on the sea floor. Infaunal foraminifera are dominated by Siphouvigerina proboscidea (Schwager). In addition, several proxy taxa of the intensity of deep sea currents were detected in the analyzed assemblages. From these taxa, Cibicides wuellerstorfi (Schwager) has the best proxy potential for the reconstruction of intense bottom currents in sediments from the Cocos and Carnegie Ridges for the Holocene.

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