BedformsML0, a preliminary metadata language for a large, engineered and freely accessible bed form database

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald R. Gutierrez ◽  
Frank E. Escusa ◽  
Alice Lefebvre ◽  
Carlo Gualtieri ◽  
Francisco Nunez-Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relational Databases ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Laboratory Measurements ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Bed Form ◽  
Science Information

<p>Open and data-driven paradigms have allowed to answer fundamental scientific questions in different disciplines such as astronomy, ecology and fluid mechanics, among others. Recently, the need to collaboratively build a large, engineered and freely accessible bed form database has been highlighted as a necessary step to adopt these paradigms in bed form dynamics research.</p><p>Most large database architectures have followed the principles of relational databases model solutions (RDBMS). Recently, non-relational (NoSQL) architectures (e.g., key-value store, graph databases, document-oriented, etc.) have been proposed to improve the capabilities and flexibility of RDBMS. Both RDBMS and NoSQL architectures require designing an engineered metadata structure to define the data taxonomy and structure, which are subsequently used to develop a metadata language for data querying. Past research suggests that the development of a metadata language needs a collaborative and iterative approach.</p><p>Defining the data taxonomy and structure for bed form data may be challenging because: [1] there is not a standardized protocol for conducting field and laboratory measurements; [2] it is expected that existing bed form data have a wide spectrum of data characteristics (e.g. length, format, resolution, structured or non-structured, etc.); and [3] bedforms are studied by scientists and engineers from different disciplines (e.g., geologists, ecologists, civil and water engineers, etc.).</p><p>In recent years, several data repositories have been built to manage large datasets related to the Earth System. One of these repositories is the Earth Science Information Partners, which has proposed standards to promote and improve the preservation, availability and overall quality of Earth System related data. These standards map the roles of participants (e.g., creators, intermediaries and end users) and delivers protocols to ensure proper data distribution and quality control.</p><p>This contribution presents the first iteration of a metadata language for subaqueous bed form data, named BedformsML0, which adopts the standards of the Earth Science Information Partners. BedformsML0 may serve as a prototype to describe bed form observations from field and laboratory measurements, model outputs, technical reports, scientific papers, post processed data, etc. Biogeoenvironmental observations associated to bed form dynamics (e.g., hydrodynamics, turbulence, river and coastal morphology, biota density, habitat metrics, sediment transport, sediment properties, land use dynamics, etc.) may also be represented in BedformsML0. It could subsequently be improved in future iterations via the collaboration of professionals from different Earth science fields to also describe subaerial, and extraterrestrial bed form data. Likewise, BedformsML0 can be used as machine search query selection for massive data processing and visualization of bed form observations. </p>

scholarly journals Politics of Strata

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 211-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Clark
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
Power Source ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
The Third ◽  
Earth System Governance ◽  
The Earth

Modern western political thought revolves around globality, focusing on the partitioning and the connecting up of the earth’s surface. But climate change and the Anthropocene thesis raise pressing questions about human interchange with the geological and temporal depths of the earth. Drawing on contemporary earth science and the geophilosophy of Deleuze and Guattari, this article explores how geological strata are emerging as provocations for political issue formation. The first section reviews the emergence – and eventual turn away from – concern with ‘revolutions of the earth’ during the 18th- and 19th-century discovery of ‘geohistory’. The second section looks at the subterranean world both as an object of ‘downward’ looking territorial imperatives and as the ultimate power source of all socio-political life. The third section weighs up the prospects of ‘earth system governance’. The paper concludes with some general thoughts about the possibilities of ‘negotiating strata’ in more generative and judicious ways.

The Magnetics Information Consortium (MagIC) Data Repository: Successes and Continuing Challenges

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Jarboe ◽  
Rupert Minnett ◽  
Catherine Constable ◽  
Anthony Koppers ◽  
Lisa Tauxe
Keyword(s):  
Earth Science ◽  
Journal Article ◽  
Research Capacity ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Data Repository ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Ocean Sciences ◽  
Space Sciences

<p>MagIC (earthref.org/MagIC) is an organization dedicated to improving research capacity in the Earth and Ocean sciences by maintaining an open community digital data archive for rock and paleomagnetic data with portals that allow users access to archive, search, visualize, download, and combine these versioned datasets. We are a signatory of the Coalition for Publishing Data in the Earth and Space Sciences (COPDESS)'s Enabling FAIR Data Commitment Statement and an approved repository for the Nature set of journals. We have been in collaboration with EarthCube's GeoCodes data search portal, adding schema.org/JSON-LD headers to our data set landing pages and suggesting extensions to schema.org when needed. Collaboration with the European Plate Observing System (EPOS)'s Thematic Core Service Multi-scale laboratories (TCS MSL) is ongoing with MagIC sending its contributions' metadata to TCS MSL via DataCite records.</p><p>Improving and updating our data repository to meet the demands of the quickly changing landscape of data archival, retrieval, and interoperability is a challenging proposition. Most journals now require data to be archived in a "FAIR" repository, but the exact specifications of FAIR are still solidifying. Some journals vet and have their own list of accepted repositories while others rely on other organizations to investigate and certify repositories. As part of the COPDESS group at Earth Science Information Partners (ESIP), we have been and will continue to be part of the discussion on the needed and desired features for acceptable data repositories.</p><p>We are actively developing our software and systems to meet the needs of our scientific community. Some current issues we are confronting are: developing workflows with journals on how to publish the journal article and data in MagIC simultaneously, sustainability of data repository funding especially in light of the greater demands on them due to data policy changes at journals, and how to best share and expose metadata about our data holdings to organizations such as EPOS, EarthCube, and Google.</p>

scholarly journals Mediation to deal with information heterogeneity − application to Earth System Science

2006 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bigagli ◽  
S. Nativi ◽  
P. Mazzetti
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Science Data ◽  
Data Interoperability ◽  
Earth System Science ◽  
System Science ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Information Domain ◽  
Science Information

Abstract. We address the problem of data and information interoperability in the Earth System Science information domain. We believe that well-established architectures and standard technologies are now available to implement data interoperability. In particular, we elaborate on the mediated approach, and present several technological aspects of our implementation of a Mediator-based Information System for Earth System Science Data. We highlight some limitations of current standard-based solutions and introduce possible future improvements.

Sediments and Soils

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Herz ◽  
Ervan G. Garrison
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Ernst Haeckel ◽  
Horizontal Position ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
Diagenetic Processes ◽  
The Earth

Sediments are not soils. Sediments are layered, unconsolidated materials of lithic and/or organic origin. Soils are mixtures of organic and lithic materials capable of supporting plant growth. Sediments that overlie bedrock and cannot support plant growth are termed regolithic. Soils begin as rocks. If they are eroded or altered by diagenetic processes, they can become paleosols. The study of sediments and soils has great importance for the archaeologist because these materials can tell us about the conditions that led to their formation, thus giving much information on paleoenvironments and climate. Not too long ago, the soils of Holocene archaeological sites and the paleosols of more ancient Pleistocene ones were no more than the annoying material concealing the objects of prime interest. More recently, sediments and soils achieved their own importance as the stuff of archaeological geology. In more narrow definitions of the field, they are generally the only subjects of study. The emphasis of archaeological geology is decidedly not the rock. In this text we define archaeological geology in its broadest context such that the linkages between the geological, sedimentological, and cultural (i.e., archaeological) can be explored in all their depth and texture. Ultimately, the linkage of these aspects of earth science and humanity can be categorized under the term ecology, as first coined by Ernst Haeckel in 1866. Here the interrelationships of all areas of the earth system are sought in order to conceptualize stability and change wherever they occur. Sediments and soils typically occur as strata, which are described by principles of superposition, horizontality, continuity, and succession: Superposition: In a series of layers and interfacial features as originally created, the upper units of stratification are younger and the lower are older, for each must have been deposited on, or created by the removal of, a preexisting layer. Original horizontality: Any layer deposited in an unconsolidated form will tend toward a horizontal position. Strata that are found with tilted surfaces were originally deposited horizontally or lie in conformity with the contours of a preexisting basin of deposition.

scholarly journals In Pursuit

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Inez Fung
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
Formal Training ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Global Carbon

The atmosphere is the synthesizer, transformer, and communicator of exchanges at its boundaries with the land and oceans. These exchanges depend on and, in turn, alter the states of the atmosphere, land, and oceans themselves. To a large extent, the interactions between the carbon cycle and climate have mapped, and will map, the trajectory of the Earth system. My quest to understand climate dynamics and the global carbon cycle has been propelled by new puzzles that emerge from each of the investigations and has led me to study subdisciplines of Earth science beyond my formal training. This article sketches my trek and the lessons I have learned. ▪  About half the CO2 emitted from combustion of fossil fuels and from cement production has remained airborne. Where are the contemporary carbon sinks? To what degree will these sinks evolve with, and in turn accelerate, climate change itself? ▪  The pursuit of these questions has been propelled by the integration of in situ and satellite observations of the atmosphere, land, and oceans, as well as by advances in theory and coupled climate–carbon cycle modeling. ▪  The urgency of climate change demands new approaches to cross-check national emission statistics.

Global Geodetic Observing System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basara Miyahara
Keyword(s):  
Earth Science ◽  
International Association ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Earth System ◽  
System Science ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Serving Society

<p>The Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS) of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) provides the basis on which future advances in geosciences can be built. By considering the Earth system as a whole (including the geosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, atmosphere and biosphere), monitoring Earth system components and their interactions by geodetic techniques and studying them from the geodetic point of view, the geodetic community provides the global geosciences community with a powerful tool consisting mainly of high-quality services, standards and references, and theoretical and observational innovations. The mission of GGOS is: (a) to provide the observations needed to monitor, map and understand changes in the Earth’s shape, rotation and mass distribution; (b) to provide the global frame of reference that is the fundamental backbone for measuring and consistently interpreting key global change processes and for many other scientific and societal applications; and (c) to benefit science and society by providing the foundation upon which advances in Earth and planetary system science and applications are built. The goals of GGOS are: (1) to be the primary source for all global geodetic information and expertise serving society and Earth system science; (2) to actively promote, sustain, improve, and evolve the integrated global geodetic infrastructure needed to meet Earth science and societal requirements; (3) to coordinate with the international geodetic services that are the main source of key parameters and products needed to realize a stable global frame of reference and to observe and study changes in the dynamic Earth system; (4) to communicate and advocate the benefits of GGOS to user communities, policy makers, funding organizations, and society. In order to accomplish its mission and goals, GGOS depends on the IAG Services, Commissions, and Inter-Commission Committees. The Services provide the infrastructure and products on which all contributions of GGOS are based. The IAG Commissions and Inter-Commission Committees provide expertise and support for the scientific development within GGOS. In summary, GGOS is IAG’s central interface to the scientific community and to society in general. The whole figure of GGOS and its recent focus will be presented in the presentation.</p>

scholarly journals Earth Science Education as a Key Component of Education for Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1316
Author(s):  
Clara Vasconcelos ◽  
Nir Orion
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Education For Sustainability ◽  
Scientific Concept ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Earth Science Education ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Life On Earth

Environmental insight has emerged as a new scientific concept which incorporates the understanding that the Earth is made up of interworking subsystems and the acceptance that humans must act in harmony with the Earth’s dynamic balanced cycle. This Earth system competency represents the highest level of knowing and understanding in the geosciences community. Humans have an important role as participative beings in the Earth’s subsystems, and they must therefore acknowledge that life on Earth depends on a geoethically responsible management of the Earth system. Yet, the world is far from achieving sustainable development, making the role of the Earth science education in promoting education for sustainability even more relevant. The Earth system approach to education is designed to be an effective learning tool for the development of the innovative concept of environmental insight. Through a holistic view of planet Earth, students realize that humans have the ability to enjoy a sustainable life on our planet while minimising detrimental environmental impacts. There is growing evidence that citizens value science and need to be informed about Earth system problems such as climate change, resource efficiency, pandemics, sustainable use of water resources, and how to protect bio-geodiversity. By moving away from both traditional practices and traditional perceptions, environmental insight and geoethics will lead towards an education for sustainability that provides the citizens of Earth with the tools they need to address the full complexity of its urgent environmental concerns.

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