Assessment of the Socio-Economic Impact of Flooding in Shkodra Region, Albania.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alkida Hasaj
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Socio Economic Impact

<p>In the recent years, flood situations have been experienced in some regions of Albania, but those that constitute a greater risk are those in the sub localities of Shkodra region. Fortunately, natural disaster are events that occur rarely, but the truth is that they have a high impact on the lives of many people, especially those belonging to developing countries such as Albania. They are associated with the loss of many lives, causing major impact on economic performance and social aspects as well as breaking, the chain of macro and microeconomic balances.</p><p>The purpose of this study is to identify the socio-economic impact of floods in the Shkodra region. Describing also the different categories of cost imposed by natural hazard as flood and the most effective way of economic recovery in the conditions of a small developing countries such as Albanian economy. This valuation will be carried out using secondary data such as; the macro and micro economic impact of these natural disasters, climate change, floods over the years in the Shkodra region, damage caused and management of these natural disasters. While primary data are provided through the qualitative method of structured interviews, designed to highlight the socio-economic impact of the flood on individuals and families in these areas, during 2018 flood.</p><p>Many catastrophes cannot be avoided, especially natural disasters, however their effects can be mitigated through good management. Over the last 30 years, investments in rehabilitating flood protection infrastructure have been minimal. Flood damage has been assessed mainly after events and detailed flood protection models have been prepared mainly based on emergency responses. Residents affected by flood experienced damage and loss, and while seasonal rains begin, they are worry and fear for loss property and livestock.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Key word; </strong>Flood, Climate Change, Economic Impact, Social Impact, Shkodra Region.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Strategic retreat for resilient and equitable climate adaptation: the roles for conservation organizations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mali‘o Kodis ◽  
Marci Bortman ◽  
Sarah Newkirk
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Policy Paper ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Government ◽  
Conservation Organizations

AbstractAs climate change accelerates the frequency and intensity of natural disasters, damage to public and private property is also increasing, putting exorbitant strain on governments and communities. Societies across the world are working to adapt to climate change, but climate adaptation is currently inadequate to meet the needs of the people left increasingly vulnerable and the places that risk being irreversibly changed or destroyed. One tactic of climate adaptation is strategic retreat, sometimes referred to as managed retreat. Strategic retreat is the process by which the government or another entity purchases (buys out) developed properties that are at risk of destruction or have been destroyed by natural disasters. The structure is most often demolished, and the land is placed under a permanent easement to prevent future development. What happens next is dependent on the entities involved in the buyouts, and can range from derelict, vacant lots to full restoration of ecosystems and their abilities to mitigate flood damage. Sometimes recreational amenities, such as trails or park infrastructure, are prioritized and funded as well. Conservation organizations can leverage their expertise in conservation planning, land acquisition and restoration, policy advocacy, and partnership development to improve the implementation of strategic retreat so that nature and people can thrive in the long term. In this policy paper, we review ways that conservation organizations have and can continue to engage in buyout processes to ensure positive outcomes for communities and nature. Conservation organizations must also evolve their approaches to climate adaptation to integrate equity and redress historical injustices in land use, and contribute towards improving strategic retreat for a more just and resilient future across disaster-prone communities. This work focuses on the context of disasters and climate adaptation in the USA, though many of the principles presented are applicable around the world.

scholarly journals Community Adaptation Model of Food Security Due to Global Warming in Kulon Progo

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Rum Giyarsih
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
The Impact

Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s surface. According to the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) average temperature of the Earth’s surface was global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the 0.74 ± 0.18 0C (1.33 ± 0.32 F) over the last hundred years. The impact of rising temperatures is the climate change effect on agricultural production. If the community does not craft made adaptation to global warming will have an impact on food security. This research aims to know the society’s adaptation to food security as a result of global warming and to know the influence of global warming on food security. The research was carried out based on survey methods. The influence of global warming on food security is identified with a share of household food expenditure and the identification of rainfall. Sampling was done by random sampling. The Data used are the primary and secondary data. Primary Data obtained through structured interviews and depth interview using a questionnaire while the secondary data retrieved from publication data of the Central Bureau Statistics B(BPS), Department of Agriculture and Climatology Meteorology and Geophysics (BMKG). The expected results of the study is to know variations of food security due to global warming in Kulon Progo Regency. Comprehensive knowledge through community participation and related Government increased food security that is used as the basis for drafting the model society’s adaptation to the impacts of global warming.

scholarly journals Operationalising Community Resilience to Climate Change in Developing Countries: A Grounded Delphi Method (GDM) Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alima Ogah ◽  
Tracey Crosbie ◽  
Theresia Komang Ralebitso-Senior
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Delphi Method ◽  
Community Resilience ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Economic Discourse ◽  
Delphi Approach ◽  
The Face ◽  
Analytical Tools

Abstract Background Climate change and its impact have taken centre stage in contemporary political economic discourse. Climate change is posing complex problems that far outweighs the solutions suggested by the conventional analytical tools used for guiding responses to major environmental challenges. This is particularly the case in developing countries like Nigeria. Unsurprisingly the concept of community resilience towards climate change has received a great deal of attention from researchers and policy makers. However, community resilience is a contested concept, which leads to disagreement about the methods of achieving it. The nature of community resilience makes the measurement of the efficiency of the policies designed to increase community resilience problematic, particularly in developing countries where limited funds must be prioritised. Methods The research presented uses a Grounded Delphi Method (GDM) to identify how experts in Nigeria define community resilience and reach a consensus on its measurement in Nigeria’s context and other developing nations. The data collection involved three rounds of Delphi with a panel of 21 experts, the first round employed semi-structured interviews, following the exploratory Delphi approach, and subsequent rounds employed online surveys. Findings: The findings indicate that there is a process of stages that communities need to go through to become resilient to climate change. These begin with coping with climate change, followed by adaptation to climate change with the final stage being transformation in the face of climate change. Twenty indicators are identified categorised under eight elements that are suitable for measuring community resilience at the different stages of this process. It is interesting to note that the experts in Nigeria who participated in the study excluded notions of transformation in their conceptualisation of community resilience illustrating a potential gap in their perceptions of the requirements for how communities can become fully resilient. Conclusion This research provides a method of prioritising specific, measurable indicators to inform policies designed to reduce the impacts of climate change by supporting community resilience in the context of developing countries with limited funding.

Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation in South Asia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihir Bhatt ◽  
Ronak B. Patel ◽  
Kelsey Gleason ◽  
Mehul Pandya
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
The Impact

Both the impact and the frequency of natural disasters and extreme events in South Asia are steadily increasing due to growing exposure and vulnerability. These vulnerabilities are compounded by fast economic growth and an increase in natural disasters across the region. Disaster losses in South Asia are rising and are felt across many domains. From the formal to the informal economy, natural disasters have increasingly strong impacts in terms of lives lost, social impact, and impediments to growth. New challenges in disaster risk reduction are emerging due to an increase in the duration and frequency of natural disaster events attributable to climate change. Though both climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction efforts exist to some degree throughout South Asia, integrating climate change adaptation into disaster risk reduction is critical to successful and inclusive growth of economies in the region. Challenges remain, and national and subnational governments are making some progress in policies aimed at both climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction. However, many of these efforts are planned, designed, and implemented separately, with limited understanding of how disaster and climate risk are linked. Moreover, progress is hindered by poor understanding of how integration of these concepts can result in better governance of risk in South Asia. Additionally, political will, capacity constraints, and institutional barriers must be overcome. Efforts by the international community are making progress in unifying these concepts, yet gaps and challenges still exist. The benefits of converging climate adaptation and disaster risk reduction in Asia are significant, from minimizing climate-related losses to more efficient use of limited resources and more effective and sustainable development.

scholarly journals INCREASING AWARENESS CAPACITY OF DISASTER POTENTIAL AS A SUPPORT TO ACHIEVE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL (SDG) 13 IN LAMPUNG PROVINCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Indra Jaya Wiranata ◽  
Khairunnisa Simbolon
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Prone Area ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government

<p>Global policies on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) address several aspects of environmental life and climate change. There are still challenges that many regions do not pursue the achievement of sustainable development goals which means that SDGs cannot simply and automatically be achieved in several regions due to different contexts and different geographic backgrounds. Extreme climate change can cause natural disasters that have the potential to cause losses and even claim victims. Thus, Lampung, which is a disaster-prone area, is interesting to be studied whether the government and the community's efforts to realize potential disasters have been accomplished properly. This research explains the efforts that have been and need to be done by Lampung Province in responding to potential disasters through a policy brief in order to motivate the government to pay more attention to climate change and natural disasters. This research is a type of qualitative research with primary data that will be taken by using interview techniques and literature review. The survey was conducted by random sampling the people of Lampung regarding the level of awareness of potential disasters. The data will also be obtained by using Google Trend. The results of this research indicate that the efforts of the Lampung Provincial Government such as mitigation, emergency response, reconstruction, rehabilitation, disaster risk assessments, and support from the epistemic community.</p>

The Earth Is Out There: Attitudes Of Irish Secondary Students Towards Earth Science

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emer Emily Neenan ◽  
Joseph Roche
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The World

&lt;p&gt;The world is facing a future where geoscience issues with significant social impact are increasingly central, including climate change, clean water, energy and resource management (e.g. mining, fracking), and natural disasters. The disposition of the next generation of citizens, as future voters and as future scientists, is vital if the world is to meet the challenges of rising temperatures, rising sea levels, and rising incidences of natural disasters. This paper arises from ongoing educational research undertaken in Irish secondary schools, examining student engagement with and understanding of geoscientific topics. Earth Science is included in the new Science syllabus in Ireland for 12 - 15 year old students (lower secondary level), but so far, no one has studied Irish students&amp;#8217; attitudes towards Earth Science. This is a mixed-methods study involving a survey of secondary schools in Ireland, including urban and rural, and mixed- and single-gender schools. Students representative in age and demographics of the participants are included as consultant voices at multiple stages in the study. Preliminary results from this study will be discussed in detail, focusing on student attitudes towards Earth Science as global and Irish citizens; how they conceptualise human interdependence with and on the planet; and how they consider themselves in different ways connected to or independent from the Earth, the study of Earth Science, and students or children their age elsewhere on the planet facing similar challenges in the era of climate change.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;

The e-government paradox in post-Soviet countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 600-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Knox ◽  
Saltanat Janenova
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the emergence of e-government in post-Soviet countries using Kazakhstan as a case study. Extant research on e-government in developing countries highlights significant benefits including improved public services, reduced corruption, and more open and inclusive government. The paper asserts the presence of an e-government paradox which limits its potential to improve public services. Design/methodology/approach Primary data were collected from a number of sources: 6 focus groups with central government agencies, local authorities and civil society organisations; 25 structured and semi-structured interviews; and participant observation. Findings The research finds evidence of an e-government paradox in five forms: an emphasis on technological development; transactional services are faster but have displaced attention from core public services; petty corruption has been reduced but grand corruption remains; isomorphic mimicry; and greater participation by citizens has been limited. Research limitations/implications The focus of the research is Kazakhstan. Applying the lessons learned to other post-Soviet countries has limitations given their different stages of development since independence. Practical implications The key practical implication of this research is that countries can become absorbed by e-government technology without questioning the fundamental business model which underpins how public services are delivered. Ultimately, this impacts on the social value of e-government. Originality/value While existing research has examined how e-government has been implemented in developing countries, this paper focusses on Kazakhstan as an authoritarian state with wider implications for post-Soviet countries.

scholarly journals Exploratory Study of the Development of REDD Incentives in Bolivia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Stoppel Jannes
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Ecological Ethics ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Change Mitigation

<p>International climate change mitigation efforts have been establishing strategies and programs to achieve Reduction of Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD) in developing countries like Bolivia. This research aims to assess these developments and examine the major challenges in the conceptualisation, planning and implementation of these strategies in Bolivia. A review of international negotiations and of current literature on various surrounding issues supplied this research with the needed secondary data. Primary data on Bolivian perspectives and visions on the arising challenges of REDD developments were gathered in January and February 2008. The semi-structured interviews aimed to cover a cross societal range of participants from govt to local forest-inhabitant level. Partially, due to climatic instability, the field-research was hampered by a national flood disaster that challenged the gathering of local forest-inhabitant's visions and perspectives. Through this methodology this research defined key issues in the development of international REDD funding governance and in the challenges of national and local policy and project implementation measures. These are evaluated in consideration of global and local equity and climate-justice issues, offer earthcentric considerations in the evolution of REDD and therefore attempt to contribute to the underlying discourse on ecological ethics in climate change mitigation and adaptation.</p>

scholarly journals Selecting and analysing climate change adaptation measures at six research sites across Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2145-2161
Author(s):  
Henk-Jan van Alphen ◽  
Clemens Strehl ◽  
Fabian Vollmer ◽  
Eduard Interwies ◽  
Anasha Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Governance Analysis ◽  
Socio Economic Impact

Abstract. As Europe is faced with increasing droughts and extreme precipitation, countries are taking measures to adapt to these changes. It is challenging, however, to navigate through the wide range of possible measures, taking into account the efficacy, economic impact and social justice aspects of these measures, as well as the governance requirements for implementing them. This article presents the approach of selecting and analysing adaptation measures to increasing extreme weather events caused by ongoing climate change that was developed and applied in the H2020 project BINGO (Bringing Innovation to Ongoing Water Management). The purpose of this project is (a) to develop an integrated participatory approach for selecting and evaluating adaptation measures, (b) to apply and evaluate the approach across six case-study river basins across Europe, and (c) to support decision-making towards adaptation capturing the diversity, the different circumstances and challenges river basins face across Europe. It combines three analyses: governance, socio-economic and social justice The governance analysis focuses on the requirements associated with the measures and the extent to which these requirements are met at the research sites. The socio-economic impact focuses on the efficacy of the measures in reducing the risks and the broad range of tools available to compare the measures on their societal impact. Finally, a tentative social justice analysis focuses on the distributive impacts of the adaptation measures. In the summary of results, we give an overview of the outcome of the different analyses. In the conclusion, we briefly assess the main pros and cons of the different analyses that were conducted. The main conclusion is that although the research sites were very different in both the challenges and the institutional context, the approach presented here yielded decision-relevant outcomes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document