The Galileo satellites DORESA and MILENA and their goals in the field of Fundamental Physics within the Galileo for Science (G4S_2.0) project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lucchesi ◽  
Emiliano Fiorenza ◽  
Carlo Lefevre ◽  
Marco Lucente ◽  
Carmelo Magnafico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precise Orbit Determination ◽  
General Introduction ◽  
High Eccentricity ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Fundamental Physics ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Italian Space Agency ◽  
Project Objectives

<p>The G4S_2.0 (Galileo for Science) project is a new proposal funded by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) and aims to perform a set of measurements in the field of Fundamental Physics with the two Galileo satellites DORESA and MILENA. Indeed, the accurate analysis of the orbits of these satellites — characterized by a relatively high eccentricity of about 0.16 — and of their clocks — the most accurate orbiting the Earth — allows to test relativistic gravity by comparing the predictions of Einstein's theory of General Relativity with those of other theories of gravitation. After a general introduction to the project objectives, we will present the preliminary activities of G4S_2.0 which are being developed by IAPS-INAF in Rome. The results of G4S_2.0 will be particularly useful for the applications of the Galileo FOC satellites in the fields of space geodesy and geophysics as some of these activities will concern the improvement of the precise orbit determination of the satellites through an enhancement of the dynamic model of their orbits, analyzing, in particular, the modelling of non-conservative forces.</p>

GRACE and GRACE-FO Level-1 V04 Data Processing Status

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Mccullough ◽  
Tamara Bandikova ◽  
William Bertiger ◽  
Carmen Boening ◽  
Sung Byun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Attitude Determination ◽  
Precise Orbit Determination ◽  
Mass Change ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Analysis Center ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Gravity Recovery

<p>The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO), launched in May 2018, provides invaluable information about mass change in the Earth system, continuing the legacy of GRACE. Fundamental requirements for successful mass change recovery are precise orbit determination and inter-satellite ranging, determination of the relative clock alignment of the ultra-stable oscillators (USOs), precise attitude determination, and accelerometry. NASA/Caltech Jet Propulsion Laboratory is the official Level-1 data processing and analysis center, and is currently processing software version 04. Here we present analysis of the aforementioned GRACE-FO sensor data, as well a preview of an upcoming GRACE reprocessing, and a discussion of measurement performance.</p>

Precise orbit determination of GLONASS satellites at the European space agency

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Romero ◽  
C. Garcia ◽  
R. Kahle ◽  
J. Dow ◽  
T. Martin-Mur
Keyword(s):  
Orbit Determination ◽  
European Space Agency ◽  
Precise Orbit Determination ◽  
Precise Orbit ◽  
Space Agency

scholarly journals Moon Mapping Project Results on Solar Wind Ion Flux and Composition

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Francesco Nozzoli ◽  
Pietro Richelli
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Solar Activity ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Time Variations ◽  
Italian Space Agency ◽  
The One

The “Moon Mapping” project is a collaboration between the Italian and Chinese Governments allowing cooperation and exchange between students from both countries. The main aim of the project is to analyze remotely-sensed data collected by the Chinese space missions Chang’E-1/2 over the Moon surface. The Italian Space Agency is responsible for the Italian side and the Center of Space Exploration, while the China Ministry of Education is responsible for the Chinese side. In this article, we summarize the results of the “Moon Mappining” project topic #1: “map of the solar wind ion” using the data collected by Chang’E-1 satellite. Chang’E-1 is a lunar orbiter, its revolution period lasts 2 h, and its orbit is polar. The satellite is equipped with two Solar Wind Ion Detectors (SWIDs) that are two perpendicular electrostatic spectrometers mapping the sky with a field of view of 15° × 6.7° × 24 ch. The spectrometers can measure solar wind flux in the range 40 eV/q–17 keV/q with an energy resolution of 8% and time resolution of ∼3 s. The data collected by the two Solar Wind Ion Detectors are analyzed to characterize the solar wind flux and composition on the Moon surface and to study the time variations due to the solar activity. The data measured by Chang’E-1 compared with the one measured in the same period by the electrostatic spectrometers onboard the ACE satellite, or with another solar activity indicator as the sunspot number, enrich the multi-messenger/multi-particle view of the Sun, gathering valuable information about the space weather outside the Earth magnetosphere.

HADIS KURAIB DALAM KONSEP RUKYATUL HILAL

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muslih Husein
Keyword(s):  
The West ◽  
The Earth ◽  
New Moon ◽  
The Republic

Hisab dan rukyat, hakikatnya, adalah cara untuk mengetahui pergantian bulan. Kajian ini memperlihatkan beberapa temuan. Pertama, korelasi antara hadis Kuraib dan terjadinya perbedaan penetapan awal Ramadan, Syawal, dan Dzul Hijjah di Indonesia. Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia telah menetapkan bahwa Indonesia secara keseluruhan menjadi satu wilayah hukum (wilayatul hukmi). Kedua, tentang keberhasilan rukyat al-hilal di satu kawasan yang diberlakukan bagi kawasan lain di muka bumi. Perlu diketahui bersama bahwa visibilitas pertama hilal tidak meliputi seluruh muka bumi pada hari yang sama, melainkan membelahnya menjadi dua bagian: (1) bagian sebelah Barat yang dapat melihat hilal dan (2) bagian sebelah Timur yang tidak dapat melihat hilal.Hisab and rukyat is a way to know the turn of the month. This study shows several findings. First is the correlation between Kuraib traditions and differences in the determination of the beginning of Ramadan, Shawwal, and Dhul-Hijjah in Indonesia. Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia has stated that Indonesia as a whole into a single jurisdiction (wilayatul hukmi). Second, on the success rukyat alhilal in one area that applied to other regions of earth. Important to know that the first visibility of the new moon does not cover the entire face of the earth on the same day, but splitting it into two parts: (1) part of the West to see the new moon, and (2) part of the East were not able to see the new moon.

Forecasting the fl ood situation using space images in the city of Tavda Sverdlovsk region

2018 ◽  
Vol 934 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
A.S. Bruskova ◽  
T.I. Levitskaya ◽  
D.M. Haydukova
Keyword(s):  
Water Levels ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Geoinformation System ◽  
Space Images ◽  
Geoinformation Systems ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
The City

Flooding is a dangerous phenomenon, causing emergency situations and causing material damage, capable of damaging health, and even death of people. To reduce the risk and economic damage from flooding, it is necessary to forecast flooding areas. An effective method of forecasting emergency situations due to flooding is the method of remote sensing of the Earth with integration into geoinformation systems. With the help of satellite imagery, a model of flooding was determined based on the example of Tavda, the Sverdlovsk Region. Space images are loaded into the geoinformation system and on their basis a series of thematic layers is created, which contains information about the zones of possible flooding at given water level marks. The determination of the area of flooding is based on the calculation of the availability of maximum water levels at hydrological stations. According to the calculated security data, for each hydrological post, flood zones are constructed by interpolation between pre-calculated flood zones of standard security. The results of the work can be used by the Main Directorate of the Ministry for Emergency Situations of Russia for the Sverdlovsk Region.

Biogeochemical Cycles and Climate

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Dolman
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Biogeochemical Cycles ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
General Introduction ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Climate Agreements ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Geological Past ◽  
Recent Climate

This book describes the interaction of the main biogeochemical cycles of the Earth and the physics of climate. It takes the perspective of Earth as an integrated system and provides examples of both changes in the current climate and those in the geological past. The first three chapters offer a general introduction to the context of the book, outlining the climate system as a complex interplay between biogeochemistry and physics and describing the tools available for understanding climate: observations and models. These chapters describe the basics of the system, the rates and magnitudes and the crucial aspects of biogeochemical cycles needed to understand their functioning. The second part of the book consists of four chapters that describe the physics required to understand the interaction of the climate with biogeochemistry and change. These chapters describe the physics of radiation, and that of the atmosphere, ocean circulation and thermodynamics. The interaction of aerosols with radiation and clouds is addressed in an additional chapter. The third part of the book deals with Earth’s (bio)geochemical cycles. These chapters focus on the stocks and fluxes of the main reservoirs of Earth’s biogeochemical cycles—atmosphere, land and ocean—and their role in the cycles of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, iron, phosphorus, oxygen, sulphur and water, as well as their interactions with climate. The final two chapters describe possible mitigation and adaptation actions, in relation to recent climate agreements, but always with an emphasis on the biogeochemical aspects.

scholarly journals A Second-Order Time-Difference Position Constrained Reduced-Dynamic Technique for the Precise Orbit Determination of LEOs Using GPS

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3033
Author(s):  
Hui Wei ◽  
Jiancheng Li ◽  
Xinyu Xu ◽  
Shoujian Zhang ◽  
Kaifa Kuang
Keyword(s):  
Orbit Determination ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Precise Orbit Determination ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Time Difference ◽  
Error Sources ◽  
Precise Orbit ◽  
Unmodeled Dynamic ◽  
Reduced Dynamic

In this paper, we propose a new reduced-dynamic (RD) method by introducing the second-order time-difference position (STP) as additional pseudo-observations (named the RD_STP method) for the precise orbit determination (POD) of low Earth orbiters (LEOs) from GPS observations. Theoretical and numerical analyses show that the accuracies of integrating the STPs of LEOs at 30 s intervals are better than 0.01 m when the forces (<10−5 ms−2) acting on the LEOs are ignored. Therefore, only using the Earth’s gravity model is good enough for the proposed RD_STP method. All unmodeled dynamic models (e.g., luni-solar gravitation, tide forces) are treated as the error sources of the STP pseudo-observation. In addition, there are no pseudo-stochastic orbit parameters to be estimated in the RD_STP method. Finally, we use the RD_STP method to process 15 days of GPS data from the GOCE mission. The results show that the accuracy of the RD_STP solution is more accurate and smoother than the kinematic solution in nearly polar and equatorial regions, and consistent with the RD solution. The 3D RMS of the differences between the RD_STP and RD solutions is 1.93 cm for 1 s sampling. This indicates that the proposed method has a performance comparable to the RD method, and could be an alternative for the POD of LEOs.

scholarly journals Applicability of NGGM near-real time simulations in flood detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-126
Author(s):  
A. F. Purkhauser ◽  
J. A. Koch ◽  
R. Pail
Keyword(s):  
European Space Agency ◽  
Earth System ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Future Mission ◽  
Space Agency ◽  
Flood Detection ◽  
The One ◽  
Real Time Simulations ◽  
Grace Mission ◽  
Gravity Mission

Abstract The GRACE mission has demonstrated a tremendous potential for observing mass changes in the Earth system from space for climate research and the observation of climate change. Future mission should on the one hand extend the already existing time series and also provide higher spatial and temporal resolution that is required to fulfil all needs placed on a future mission. To analyse the applicability of such a Next Generation Gravity Mission (NGGM) concept regarding hydrological applications, two GRACE-FO-type pairs in Bender formation are analysed. The numerical closed loop simulations with a realistic noise assumption are based on the short arc approach and make use of the Wiese approach, enabling a self-de-aliasing of high-frequency atmospheric and oceanic signals, and a NRT approach for a short latency. Numerical simulations for future gravity mission concepts are based on geophysical models, representing the time-variable gravity field. First tests regarding the usability of the hydrology component contained in the Earth System Model (ESM) by the European Space Agency (ESA) for the analysis regarding a possible flood monitoring and detection showed a clear signal in a third of the analysed flood cases. Our analysis of selected cases found that detection of floods was clearly possible with the reconstructed AOHIS/HIS signal in 20% of the tested examples, while in 40% of the cases a peak was visible but not clearly recognisable.

scholarly journals Determination of underground voids in the surface of the earth section

2021 ◽  
Vol 1942 (1) ◽  
pp. 012085
Author(s):  
G A Pchelkin ◽  
A S Grevtseva ◽  
M V Diuldin
Keyword(s):  
The Earth
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document