scholarly journals Evapo-Transpiration calculated from the new regional climate projections data set DRIAS-2020 over France

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Bernus ◽  
Lola Corre ◽  
Agathe Drouin ◽  
Genaro Saavedra Soriano ◽  
Pascal Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Specific Humidity ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Visible Radiation ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Thermal Amplitude ◽  
Regional Climate Projections

<p> <strong>Evapo-Transpiration calculated from the new regional climate projections data set DRIAS-2020 over France</strong></p><p>Changes in climatic variables such as temperature, precipitation, relative humidity or solar radiation strongly affect the agricultural sector. Relevant indicators are strongly needed to quantify the expected impacts and implement adaptation measures. Information on the future trend of Evapo-Transpiration (ET) is one of the key issues in order to take up the water management challenge.</p><p><span>In 2020, a new set of climate indicators based on regional climate projections corrected over France was produced and published on the French national climate service DRIAS (</span><span>www.drias-climat.fr</span><span>) and the associated report was published in January 2021. The latter portal provides climate information in a variety of graphical or numerical forms. The climate projections are based on the EURO-CORDEX ensemble and have been corrected using the ADAMONT method according to the SAFRAN reference data set.</span></p><p>ET is calculated from this new data set with the aim of making it freely available on the DRIAS portal. Various calculation methods are used and compared. First, ET is calculated upstream and downstream of the ADAMONT method. Second, different calculation procedures are tested for the FAO recommended formula. One uses the average specific humidity instead of minimum and maximum of daily relative humidity which are not available in all selected models. ET is also calculated using the Hargreaves proxy for the visible radiation based on the square root of the maximum daily thermal amplitude multiplied by a coefficient. Three different values were tested for this coefficient : 0.16, 0.175 and 0.19.</p><p>These various ET are then analyzed with a view to quantify the influence of the calculation method on the resulting estimated trends.</p><p><span><strong>Authors : </strong></span><span>BERNUS S.</span><sup><span>1</span></sup><span>, CORRE L.</span><sup><span>2</span></sup><span>, DROUIN A.</span><sup><span>2</span></sup><span>, SAAVEDRA</span><span> SORIANO G.</span><sup><span>3</span></sup><span>, SIMON P.</span><sup><span>2</span></sup><span>, PRATS S.</span><sup><span>4</span></sup><span>, </span></p><p> </p><p><sup><em>1 </em></sup><em>Météo-France, Direction de la Climatologie et des Services Climatiques, Toulouse, France, [email protected]</em></p><p><sup><span><em>2</em></span></sup><span><em>Météo-France, Direction de la Climatologie et des Services Climatiques, Toulouse, France, [email protected]</em></span></p><p><sup><em>3</em></sup><em>École des Mines, Antibes, France, [email protected]</em></p><p><sup><em>4</em></sup><em>Météo-France, Direction des Services Météorologiques, Toulouse, Franc</em><em>e, [email protected]</em></p><p> </p><p><strong>References</strong> :</p><p>FAO (1998). Crop evapotranspiration: Guidelines for computing crop water requirements. FAO Irrigation and drainage paper 56, Rome, Italy</p>

scholarly journals The WASCAL high-resolution regional climate simulation ensemble for West Africa: concept, dissemination and assessment

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 815-835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominikus Heinzeller ◽  
Diarra Dieng ◽  
Gerhard Smiatek ◽  
Christiana Olusegun ◽  
Cornelia Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
West African ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
African Region ◽  
Data Set ◽  
West African Region ◽  
Regional Climate Projections

Abstract. Climate change and constant population growth pose severe challenges to 21st century rural Africa. Within the framework of the West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL), an ensemble of high-resolution regional climate change scenarios for the greater West African region is provided to support the development of effective adaptation and mitigation measures. This contribution presents the overall concept of the WASCAL regional climate simulations, as well as detailed information on the experimental design, and provides information on the format and dissemination of the available data. All data are made available to the public at the CERA long-term archive of the German Climate Computing Center (DKRZ) with a subset available at the PANGAEA Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science portal (https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.880512). A brief assessment of the data are presented to provide guidance for future users. Regional climate projections are generated at high (12 km) and intermediate (60 km) resolution using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF). The simulations cover the validation period 1980–2010 and the two future periods 2020–2050 and 2070–2100. A brief comparison to observations and two climate change scenarios from the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) initiative is presented to provide guidance on the data set to future users and to assess their climate change signal. Under the RCP4.5 (Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5) scenario, the results suggest an increase in temperature by 1.5 ∘C at the coast of Guinea and by up to 3 ∘C in the northern Sahel by the end of the 21st century, in line with existing climate projections for the region. They also project an increase in precipitation by up to 300 mm per year along the coast of Guinea, by up to 150 mm per year in the Soudano region adjacent in the north and almost no change in precipitation in the Sahel. This stands in contrast to existing regional climate projections, which predict increasingly drier conditions. The high spatial and temporal resolution of the data, the extensive list of output variables, the large computational domain and the long time periods covered make this data set a unique resource for follow-up analyses and impact modelling studies over the greater West African region. The comprehensive documentation and standardisation of the data facilitate and encourage their use within and outside of the WASCAL community.

scholarly journals The WASCAL high-resolution regional climate simulation ensemble for West Africa: concept, dissemination, assessment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominikus Heinzeller ◽  
Diarra Dieng ◽  
Gerhard Smiatek ◽  
Christiana Olusegun ◽  
Cornelia Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
West African ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
African Region ◽  
Data Set ◽  
West African Region ◽  
Regional Climate Projections

Abstract. Climate change and constant population growth pose severe challenges to 21st century rural Africa. Within the framework of the West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL), an ensemble of high-resolution regional climate change scenarios for the greater West African region are provided to support the development of effective adaptation and mitigation measures. This contribution presents the overall concept of the WASCAL regional climate simulations as well as detailed information on the experiment design, and provides information on the format and dissemination of the available data. All data is made available to the public at the CERA long-term archive of the German Climate Computing Center (DKRZ) with a subset available at the PANGAEA Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science portal (https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.880512). Regional climate projections are generated at high (12 km) and intermediate (60 km) resolution using the Weather Research & Forecasting Model (WRF). The simulations cover the validation period 1980–2010 and the two future periods 2020–2050 and 2070–2100. A brief comparison to observations and two climate change scenarios from the CORDEX initiative is presented to provide guidance on the data set to future users and to assess their climate change signal. Under the RCP4.5 scenario, the results suggest an increase in temperature by 1.5 °C at the Coast of Guinea and by up to 3 °C in the northern Sahel by the end of the 21st century, in line with existing climate projections for the region. They also project an increase in precipitation by up to 300 mm per year along the Coast of Guinea, by up to 150 mm per year in the Soudano region adjacent in the North, and almost no change in precipitation in the Sahel. This stands in contrast to existing regional climate projections, which predict increasingly drier conditions. The high spatial and temporal resolution of the data, the extensive list of output variables, the large computational domain and the long time periods covered make this data set a unique resource for follow-up analyses and impact modelling studies over the greater West African region. The comprehensive documentation and standardisation of the data facilitate and encourage its use within and outside of the WASCAL community.

Regional Climate Scenarios for use in Nordic Water Resources Studies

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 399-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rummukainen ◽  
J. Räisänen ◽  
D. Bjørge ◽  
J.H. Christensen ◽  
O.B. Christensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Regional Climate Models ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Soil Frost ◽  
Nordic Region ◽  
Regional Climate Projections

According to global climate projections, a substantial global climate change will occur during the next decades, under the assumption of continuous anthropogenic climate forcing. Global models, although fundamental in simulating the response of the climate system to anthropogenic forcing are typically geographically too coarse to well represent many regional or local features. In the Nordic region, climate studies are conducted in each of the Nordic countries to prepare regional climate projections with more detail than in global ones. Results so far indicate larger temperature changes in the Nordic region than in the global mean, regional increases and decreases in net precipitation, longer growing season, shorter snow season etc. These in turn affect runoff, snowpack, groundwater, soil frost and moisture, and thus hydropower production potential, flooding risks etc. Regional climate models do not yet fully incorporate hydrology. Water resources studies are carried out off-line using hydrological models. This requires archived meteorological output from climate models. This paper discusses Nordic regional climate scenarios for use in regional water resources studies. Potential end-users of water resources scenarios are the hydropower industry, dam safety instances and planners of other lasting infrastructure exposed to precipitation, river flows and flooding.

scholarly journals Trends in continental temperature and humidity directly linked to ocean warming

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (19) ◽  
pp. 4863-4868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Byrne ◽  
Paul A. O’Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Moisture Transport ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Atmospheric Dynamics ◽  
Specific Humidity ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Moist Static Energy ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Static Energy

In recent decades, the land surface has warmed substantially more than the ocean surface, and relative humidity has fallen over land. Amplified warming and declining relative humidity over land are also dominant features of future climate projections, with implications for climate-change impacts. An emerging body of research has shown how constraints from atmospheric dynamics and moisture budgets are important for projected future land–ocean contrasts, but these ideas have not been used to investigate temperature and humidity records over recent decades. Here we show how both the temperature and humidity changes observed over land between 1979 and 2016 are linked to warming over neighboring oceans. A simple analytical theory, based on atmospheric dynamics and moisture transport, predicts equal changes in moist static energy over land and ocean and equal fractional changes in specific humidity over land and ocean. The theory is shown to be consistent with the observed trends in land temperature and humidity given the warming over ocean. Amplified land warming is needed for the increase in moist static energy over drier land to match that over ocean, and land relative humidity decreases because land specific humidity is linked via moisture transport to the weaker warming over ocean. However, there is considerable variability about the best-fit trend in land relative humidity that requires further investigation and which may be related to factors such as changes in atmospheric circulations and land-surface properties.

Future circulation changes over the EURO-CORDEX domain

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tugba Ozturk ◽  
Dominic Matte ◽  
Jens Hesselbjerg Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Regional Climate ◽  
Storm Track ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Cmip5 Models ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Summer Circulation ◽  
Regional Climate Projections ◽  
Circulation Changes

<p><span lang="EN-US">The occurrence of extreme weather events and climate extremes over Europe and the Mediterranean region are believed to be associated with changes and variability in the mid-latitude atmospheric circulation. CMIP5 models exhibits a substantial decrease in mid-latitude mean storm track activity for summer under climate change for a variety of scenarios. In this work, we aim to investigate future change in summer circulation and its implication for summer temperature and precipitation extremes over Europe particularly focusing on the Southeastern Mediterranean. EURO-CORDEX regional climate projections at 0.11° grid-mesh are used to analyze future climate projections addressing climate warming targets of 1°C, 2°C and 3°C, respectively. Simple scaling with the global mean temperature change is applied to the regional climate projections for the variables in concern in order to provide robust signals not to be dependent on climate sensitivity. Our focus in this study is on monthly mean geopotential height, winds at mid- and lower-troposphere as indicators of the simulated circulation changes.</span></p>

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