Influence of different domain configurations on WRF solar irradiance estimation at Badajoz (Spain)

<p>Over the last decades, numerical prediction models, such as the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF), have emerged as one of the most powerful tools for solar radiation exploitation as renewable energy. A reliable forecast of solar radiation is an effective method to account for its variability and facilitate its integration into the grid. This study analyzes the influence of different domain configurations and spatial resolutions on the WRF solar radiation estimation. To this aim, different domain configurations centered on the city of Badajoz (Spain) have been tested. Thus, three different combinations of two nested domains (D01; higher domain; D02; inner domain) defined on a Lambert Conformal projection have been analyzed. Configurations C1 and C2 use the same domains but differ in the resolution of the nested domain (D02): 9 km for C1 and 3 km for C2. C3 has been defined to perform simulations at a higher resolution, consisting of two nested domains of 9 km for D01 and 1 km for D02. Due to WRF&#8217;s requirements on grid ratio between nested domains and computational efficiency criteria, this third configuration uses the same D02 dimensions as C1 and C2, but notably smaller D01 dimensions. All these configurations have employed the same WRF parameterizations. The initial and lateral boundary conditions for the meteorological fields are obtained from the reanalysis ERA5. Finally, the estimated solar radiation for the inner domains at 9, 3 and 1 km has been compared with ground-based solar radiation measurements. The results show a good performance of all the analyzed configurations, with an average relative MABE value of 14.95% and mean relative RMSE of 23.7%. Linear regression analysis between simulated and reference ground measurements have reported a slope of 0.83 for C1, 0.80 for C2 and 0.77 for C3. C3 tends to overestimate the reference measurements, while C1 and C2 tend to underestimate them. This underestimation is more remarkable for C2, likely due to the higher grid ratio in this configuration, 1:9 versus 1:3 in C1. Additionally, the analysis of differences between WRF simulation and reference data with respect to geometrical factors and sky conditions have reported differences between configurations. All these results reveal that different aspects related to the domain configuration, and not only final resolution, can influence the solar radiation forecasting and point out the need to find the most suitable configuration for each specific problem. <em>Acknowledgments.</em> This work is partially funded by FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci&#243;n y Universidades-Agencia Estatal de Investigaci&#243;n of Spain through project RTI 2018-097332-B-C22, and by Junta de Extremadura-FEDER through project GR18097.</p>

Download Full-text

Sky Luminance Distribution Models: A Comparison with Measurements from a Maritime Desert Region

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13205455 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (20) ◽

pp. 5455

Author(s):

Khalid Alshaibani ◽

Danny Li ◽

Emmanuel Aghimien

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

The Other ◽

Distribution Models ◽

Desert Region ◽

Luminance Distribution ◽

Effective Use ◽

Sky Conditions ◽

Radiation Measurements ◽

Better Than

The effective use of daylight is a function of the luminance of the sky exposed to the glazing system. Therefore, accurate data about the luminance distribution of the sky are necessary for the optimum use of daylight. This paper compares seven models for estimating the angular sky luminance distribution. They were selected based on the ability to be used with all sky conditions and to determine the luminance of the sky from solar radiation. Measurements of solar radiation, sky luminance, and sky radiance were taken in a “maritime desert region” in Saudi Arabia. The results showed that the “Perez 93” model performed better than the other models tested, but there is a need for more studies to identify more accurate models for use in similar climatic conditions.

Download Full-text

A novel method for fast sky conditions identification from global solar radiation measurements

Renewable Energy ◽

10.1016/j.renene.2020.06.114 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 161 ◽

pp. 77-90

Author(s):

Siwei Lou ◽

Yu Huang ◽

Danny H.W. Li ◽

Dawei Xia ◽

Xiaoqing Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Global Solar Radiation ◽

Novel Method ◽

Sky Conditions ◽

Radiation Measurements

Download Full-text

The Redemption of Mesopotamia, New York's Sewage Problem, Solar Radiation Measurements at Great Altitudes, and more

Scientific American ◽

10.1038/scientificamerican04041914-278 ◽

1914 ◽

Vol 110 (14) ◽

pp. 278-279

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Radiation Measurements

Download Full-text

Pengaruh Tingkat Literasi Keuangan Syariah dan Kepercayaan Masyarakat terhadap Minat Menabung di Bank Syariah

Jurnal MAPS (Manajemen dan Perbankan Syariah) ◽

10.32483/maps.v3i2.36 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 140-153

Author(s):

Resti Fadhilah Nurrohmah ◽

Radia Purbayati

Keyword(s):

Financial Literacy ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Public Trust ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Primary Data ◽

Public Confidence ◽

Islamic Banks ◽

Variable Level ◽

Analysis Technique ◽

The City

The purpose of this study was to study the level of Islamic financial literacy and public confidence in the interest in saving in Islamic banks. The variables in this study are the level of Islamic financial literacy (X1), public trust (X2), and interest in saving (Y).The method of this study is descriptive quantitative approach. The data source of this study are primary data obtained by distributing questionnaires. Respondents taken are residents in the city of Bandung, with samples domiciled in the city of Bandung and at least 17 years old. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the variable level of islamic financial literacy and public trust has positive effect in the interest in saving in Islamic banks. The findings in this study provide a reference to Islamic banks, the level of literacy and public trust regarding interest in saving, therefore Islamic banks must socialize to the public.

Download Full-text

Bacterial die-away rates in red sea waters

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1995.0071 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 45-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

H. Z. Sarikaya ◽

A. M. Saatçi

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Decay Rate ◽

Sea Water ◽

Membrane Filter ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Total Coliform ◽

Coliform Bacteria ◽

Decay Rate Constant ◽

Solar Intensity ◽

Log Normal

Total coliform bacteria have been chosen as the indicator organism. Coliform die-away experiments have been carried out in unpolluted sea water samples collected at about 100 m off the coastline and under controlled environmental conditions. The samples were transformed into one litre clean glass beakers which were kept at constant temperature and were exposed to the solar radiation. The membrane filter technique was used for the coliform analysis. The temperature ranged from 20 to 40° C and the dilution ratios ranged from 1/50 to 1/200. Coliform decay rate in the light has been expressed as the summation of the coliform decay rate in the dark and the decay rate due to solar radiation. The solar radiation required for 90 percent coliform removal has been found to range from 17 cal/cm2 to 40 cal/cm2 within the temperature range of 25 to 30° C. Applying the linear regression analysis two different equations have been given for the high (I>10 cal/cm2.hour) and low solar intensity ranges in order to determine the coliform decay rate constant as a function of the solar intensity. T-90 values in the light have been found to follow log-normal distribution with a median T-90 value of 32 minutes. The corresponding T-90 values in the dark were found to be 70-80 times longer. Coliform decay rate in the dark has been correlated with the temperature.

Download Full-text

Can inner and outer containment counteract pulls and pushes toward delinquency? A test of Walter Reckless’s containment theory

European Journal of Criminology ◽

10.1177/1477370820988815 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 147737082098881

Author(s):

Heleen J Janssen ◽

Gerben JN Bruinsma ◽

Frank M Weerman

Keyword(s):

Empirical Test ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Longitudinal Survey ◽

External Factors ◽

Interaction Theory ◽

Theoretical Concepts ◽

The Core ◽

Longitudinal Survey Data ◽

The Hague ◽

The City

The aim of the current study is to provide an empirical test of containment theory of Walter Reckless (1899–1988). The theory proposes that outer and inner containment hold adolescents back from delinquency even when external factors pull and push them toward it. This early control theory was ahead of its time, but never received the empirical attention it deserves. This article outlines the core theoretical concepts and the basic propositions in order to empirically examine their validity. We employed hybrid linear regression analysis using longitudinal survey data of 612 adolescents (12–18 years old) in the city of The Hague, the Netherlands. The results indicate that outer and inner containment can be meaningfully distinguished, and that several but not all propositions of the theory are supported. Inner and outer containment function as a buffer against external pulls and are able to counteract the effect of increases in environmental pulls during adolescence. We conclude that containment theory is still a promising interaction theory that can help us understand why adolescents who experience external pulls toward delinquency are able to resist these influences.

Download Full-text

A Digital Framework to Predict the Sunshine Requirements of Landscape Plants

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11052098 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 2098

Author(s):

Heyi Wei ◽

Wenhua Jiang ◽

Xuejun Liu ◽

Bo Huang

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Plant Species ◽

Large Scale ◽

Normal Growth ◽

Adaptive Selection ◽

Landscape Plant ◽

Landscape Plants ◽

The Stability ◽

Stability And Accuracy ◽

The City

Knowledge of the sunshine requirements of landscape plants is important information for the adaptive selection and configuration of plants for urban greening, and is also a basic attribute of plant databases. In the existing studies, the light compensation point (LCP) and light saturation point (LSP) have been commonly used to indicate the shade tolerance for a specific plant; however, these values are difficult to adopt in practice because the landscape architect does not always know what range of solar radiation is the best for maintaining plant health, i.e., normal growth and reproduction. In this paper, to bridge the gap, we present a novel digital framework to predict the sunshine requirements of landscape plants. First, the research introduces the proposed framework, which is composed of a black-box model, solar radiation simulation, and a health standard system for plants. Then, the data fitting between solar radiation and plant growth response is used to obtain the value of solar radiation at different health levels. Finally, we adopt the LI-6400XT Portable Photosynthetic System (Li-Cor Inc., Lincoln, NE, USA) to verify the stability and accuracy of the digital framework through 15 landscape plant species of a residential area in the city of Wuhan, China, and also compared and analyzed the results of other researchers on the same plant species. The results show that the digital framework can robustly obtain the values of the healthy, sub-healthy, and unhealthy levels for the 15 landscape plant species. The purpose of this study is to provide an efficient forecasting tool for large-scale surveys of plant sunshine requirements. The proposed framework will be beneficial for the adaptive selection and configuration of urban plants and will facilitate the construction of landscape plant databases in future studies.

Download Full-text

A Model for Complex Subsidence Causality Interpretation Based on PS-InSAR Cross-Heading Orbits Analysis

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs11172014 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (17) ◽

pp. 2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bahaa Mohamadi ◽

Timo Balz ◽

Ali Younes

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Rock Type ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

City Center ◽

Causal Factors ◽

Final Model ◽

Alexandria City ◽

The City ◽

Central South

Urban areas are subject to subsidence due to varying natural and anthropogenic causes. Often, subsidence is interpreted and correlated to a single causal factor; however, subsidence is usually more complex. In this study, we adopt a new model to distinguish different causes of subsidence in urban areas based on complexity. Ascending and descending Sentinel-1 data were analyzed using permanent scatterer interferometry (PS-InSAR) and decomposed to estimate vertical velocity. The estimated velocity is correlated to potential causes of subsidence, and modeled using different weights, to extract the model with the highest correlations among subsidence. The model was tested in Alexandria City, Egypt, based on three potential causes of subsidence: rock type, former lakes and lagoons dewatering (FLLD), and built-up load (BL). Results of experiments on the tested area reveal singular patterns of causal factors of subsidence distributed across the northeast, northwest, central south, and parts of the city center, reflecting the rock type of those areas. Dual causes of subsidence are found in the southwest and some parts of the southeast as a contribution of rock type and FLLD, whereas the most complex causes of subsidence are found in the southeast of the city, as the newly built-up areas interact with the rock type and FLLD to form a complex subsidence regime. Those areas also show the highest subsidence values among all other parts of the city. The accuracy of the final model was confirmed using linear regression analysis, with an R2 value of 0.88.

Download Full-text