Agroclimatic atlas - prototype

Our contribution presents a prototype of Agroclimatic atlas - a web map application, presenting agroclimatic factors: Frost-free period, Water balance, Total precipitation, Total solar radiation, Last date with soil temperature above 10 &#176;C for nitrogen application, Number of days with growing temperatures for a crop, Number of days with optimal growing temperatures for a crop HSU - Heat stress units for a crop, The factors are calculated based on algorithms described in&#160;Calculation of Agro-Climatic Factors from Global Climatic Data&#160;(Jedli&#269;ka et al. 2021, doi:&#160;&#160;10.3390/app11031245).The agroclimatic atlas application aims to provide a comprehensive overview of agriculture-related climatic characteristics of an area of interest in a time retrospective.&#160; The application can be used by both an individual farmer or a precision farming expert exploring a wider area.The principal source of climatic variables (such as temperature, rainfall, evaporation, runoff, and solar radiation) used in the atlas is the&#160;ERA5-Land dataset&#160;(available as the&#160;Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) at its Climate Date Store).&#160;The contemporary version of the Agroclimatic Atlas application is accessible from here https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/3/1245#. This version is in Czech only and portrays data from Czechia 10 years backward. However, the application is under ongoing development driven by the H2020 projects&#160;Stargate,&#160;Sieusoil, and&#160;Smartagrihubs. Therefore a newer version will be presented at the conference. The first design concepts can be seen in the figure below.<img src="https://contentmanager.copernicus.org/fileStorageProxy.php?f=gnp.475eafd0808065334309161/sdaolpUECMynit/1202SME&app=m&a=0&c=31dbfa2ddfd3719b82491d259ccc4117&ct=x&pn=gnp.elif&d=1" alt="">Figure 1. - Mockup of Agroclimatic atlas application, accessible from https://xd.adobe.com/view/65199b72-db2f-420a-aee2-bc90dc83aaea-304a/

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High resolution grid of potential incoming solar radiation for Serbia

Thermal Science ◽

10.2298/tsci150430134l ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (suppl. 2) ◽

pp. 427-435 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jelena Lukovic ◽

Branislav Bajat ◽

Milan Kilibarda ◽

Dejan Filipovic

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Driving Force ◽

Total Solar Radiation ◽

Surface Solar Radiation ◽

Natural Processes ◽

Web Map ◽

Complex Interactions ◽

The Earth ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Elevation Model

Solar radiation is a key driving force for many natural processes. At the Earth?s surface solar radiation is the result of complex interactions between the atmosphere and Earth?s surface. Our study highlights the development and evaluation of a data base of potential solar radiation that is based on a digital elevation model (DEM) with a resolution of 90 m over Serbia. The main aim of this paper is to map solar radiation in Serbia using DEM. This is so far the finest resolution being applied and presented using DEM. The final results of the potential direct, diffuse and total solar radiation as well as duration of insolation databases of Serbia are portrayed as thematic maps that can be communicated and shared easily through the cartographic web map-based service.

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Historical and Future Typical Meteorological Years for 33 locations in Greece: a handy tool for various applications

10.5194/ems2021-337 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Basil Psiloglou ◽

Harry D. Kambezidis ◽

Konstantinos V. Varotsos ◽

Dimitris G. Kaskaoutis ◽

Dimiitris Karagiannis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Design Tool ◽

Weather Data ◽

Climate Simulation ◽

Total Solar Radiation ◽

Climatic Data ◽

Data Set ◽

Specific Location ◽

Daily Data

It is generally accepted that a climatic data set of meteorological measurements with true sequences and real interdependencies between meteorological variables is needed for a representative climate simulation. In the late 1970s the Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) concept was introduced in USA as a design tool for approximating expected climate conditions at specific locations, at a time when computers were much slower and had less memory than today.&#160;A TMY is a collation of selected weather data for a specific location, listing usually hourly values of meteorological and solar radiation elements for one-year period. The values are generated from a data bank much longer than a year in duration, at least 10 years. It is specially selected so that it presents the range of weather phenomena for the location in question, while still giving annual averages that are consistent with the long-term averages for the specific location. Each TMY data file consists of 12 months chosen as most &#8220;typical&#8220; among the years present in the long-term data set. Although TMYs do not provide information about extreme events and do not necessarily represent actual conditions at any given time, they still reflect all the climatic information of the location.&#160;TMY sets remain in popular use until today providing a relatively concise data set from which system performance estimates can be developed, without the need of incorporating large amounts of data into simulation models.&#160;TMY sets for 33 locations in Greece distributed all over the country were developed, covering for the first time all climatic zones, for both historical and future periods. Historical TMY sets generation was based on meteorological data collected from the Hellenic National Meteorological Service (HNMS) network in Greece in the period 1985-2014, while the corresponding total solar radiation values have been derived through the Meteorological Radiation Model (MRM).Moreover, the generation of future TMY sets for Greece was also performed, for all 33 locations. To this aim, bias adjusted daily data for the closest grid point to the HNMS station&#8217;s location were employed from the RCA4 Regional Climate Model of the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) driven by the Earth system model of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M). Simulations were carried out in the framework of the EURO-CORDEX modeling experiment, with a horizontal RCA4 model resolution of 0.11o (~12 x 12 km). We used daily data for four periods: the 1985-2014 used as reference period and the 2021-2050, 2046-2070 and 2071-2100 future periods under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios.&#160;This work was carried out in the framework of the &#8220;Development of synergistic and integrated methods and tools for monitoring, management and forecasting of environmental parameters and pressures&#8221; (KRIPIS-THESPIA-II) Greek national funded project.

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Assessing the Sensitivity of Main Crop Yields to Climate Change Impacts in China

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos12020172 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 172

Author(s):

Yuan Xu ◽

Jieming Chou ◽

Fan Yang ◽

Mingyang Sun ◽

Weixing Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Food Production ◽

Crop Yields ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Climatic Data ◽

The South ◽

The North ◽

Output Elasticity ◽

The Impact

Quantitatively assessing the spatial divergence of the sensitivity of crop yield to climate change is of great significance for reducing the climate change risk to food production. We use socio-economic and climatic data from 1981 to 2015 to examine how climate variability led to variation in yield, as simulated by an economy–climate model (C-D-C). The sensitivity of crop yield to the impact of climate change refers to the change in yield caused by changing climatic factors under the condition of constant non-climatic factors. An ‘output elasticity of comprehensive climate factor (CCF)’ approach determines the sensitivity, using the yields per hectare for grain, rice, wheat and maize in China’s main grain-producing areas as a case study. The results show that the CCF has a negative trend at a rate of −0.84/(10a) in the North region, while a positive trend of 0.79/(10a) is observed for the South region. Climate change promotes the ensemble increase in yields, and the contribution of agricultural labor force and total mechanical power to yields are greater, indicating that the yield in major grain-producing areas mainly depends on labor resources and the level of mechanization. However, the sensitivities to climate change of different crop yields to climate change present obvious regional differences: the sensitivity to climate change of the yield per hectare for maize in the North region was stronger than that in the South region. Therefore, the increase in the yield per hectare for maize in the North region due to the positive impacts of climate change was greater than that in the South region. In contrast, the sensitivity to climate change of the yield per hectare for rice in the South region was stronger than that in the North region. Furthermore, the sensitivity to climate change of maize per hectare yield was stronger than that of rice and wheat in the North region, and that of rice was the highest of the three crop yields in the South region. Finally, the economy–climate sensitivity zones of different crops were determined by the output elasticity of the CCF to help adapt to climate change and prevent food production risks.

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Climate Influence in Dendrochronological Series of Araucaria angustifolia from Campos do Jordão, Brazil

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos12080957 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 957

Author(s):

Daniela Oliveira da da Silva ◽

Alan Prestes ◽

Virginia Klausner ◽

Táyla Gabrielle Gonçalves de de Souza

Keyword(s):

Climatic Factors ◽

Summer Season ◽

Climatic Data ◽

Araucaria Angustifolia ◽

Paulo State ◽

Show Evidence ◽

Full Period ◽

Wavelet Techniques ◽

Climatic Time Series ◽

Dendroclimatic Analysis

A dendrochronological series of Araucaria angustifolia was analyzed for a better understanding of the climatic factors that operate in Campos do Jordão city, São Paulo state, Brazil. The dendroclimatic analysis was carried out using 45 samples from 16 Araucaria angustifolia trees to reconstruct the precipitation and the temperature over the 1803–2012 yearly interval. To this end, Pearson’s correlation was calculated between mean chronology and the climatic time series using a monthly temporal resolution to calibrate our models. We obtained correlations as high as r=0.22(α=0.1) for precipitation (February), and r=0.21(α=0.1) for temperature (March), both corresponding to the end of the summer season. Our results show evidence of temporal instabilities because the correlations for the halves of 1963–2012 were very different, as well as for the full period. To overcome this problem, the dendrochronological series and the climatic data were investigated using the wavelet techniques searching for time-dependent cause–effect relationships. From these analyses, we find a strong influence of the region’s precipitation and temperature on the growth of tree ring widths.

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The interrelationship and characteristic distribution of direct, diffuse and total solar radiation

Solar Energy ◽

10.1016/0038-092x(60)90062-1 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 1-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 1486

Author(s):

Benjamin Y.H. Liu ◽

Richard C. Jordan

Keyword(s):

Solar Radiation ◽

Total Solar Radiation ◽

Characteristic Distribution

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Trees as a solar control measure for southern-oriented street frontages. Analysis of a selected street model for a humid continental climate

Urban Ecosystems ◽

10.1007/s11252-021-01128-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Katarzyna Zielonko-Jung ◽

Justyna Janiak

Keyword(s):

Numerical Simulation ◽

Solar Radiation ◽

Control Measure ◽

Total Solar Radiation ◽

Single Row ◽

Ground Floor ◽

Radical Reduction ◽

Solar Control ◽

Sycamore Maple ◽

Continental Climate

AbstractThe present study is aimed at the analysis of possibilities for shading southern frontage of street oriented along the E-W axis by the single row of trees, parallel to the southern elevations. The effectiveness of solar control shading was tested depending on the geometric relationships between trees and buildings. Numerical simulation analyses were conducted in Rhinoceros® program for the street located in humid continental climate in city Płock, Poland (52°32′50 “N 19°42’00 “E), for the day of the highest degree of total solar radiation in the year i.e. June 7th, during hours: 8.00a.m - 5.00 p.m. The analysis has proved that a row of 20–25 year old Sycamore Maple ‘Rotterdam’ in the street 30 m wide and 18 m high (H/W = 0.6), can provide solar protection for the southern frontage, especially when trees are located no more than 4 m away. Location of greenery within the range of 4 to 5 m from the buildings leads to a radical reduction in the possibility of shading the wall surfaces (at 5 m to 0%). Over 90% of the shading area of the ground floor façade walls was found when trees were within the distance 2 and 3 m away from the building.

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